English Grammar Notes-1

‫‪PROF.
ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Lecture-1‬‬
‫”‪The use of “is, are, am‬‬
‫ےلہپدنچابںیتذنہنیشنرانھکتہبرضوریںیہ۔ومعیموطررپارگنزییےکیسکیھب‪Sentence‬وکلمکمرکےنےکےیلنیتزیچوںیکرضورتوہیتےہسجںیم‬
‫‪ Subject, Verb and Object‬وہےتںیہ۔ ضعبرقفوںےک ادنر ‪Object‬ولعممںیہنوہات۔اتمہ ان ےکادنر ‪Subject‬اور‪ Verb‬اکوہانتہب یہرضوریوہات‬
‫ےہ۔انونیتںیکواضتحدرجذلیےہ‪:‬‬
‫س‬
‫❖ ‪Subject‬۔رقفےےکادنراکمرکےنواےلوکٹکیجبسےتہکںیہاور جیکٹوکاشلگنںیمامس(‪)Noun‬یھبےتہکںیہ۔اردوںیماسوکافلعےتہکںیہ۔‬
‫❖ ‪Verb‬۔رقفےےکادنروجاکمایکاجاتےہاےسوربےتہکںیہ۔بلطموجامہراانشکیوہاتےہ۔اردوںیماسوکلعفےتہکںیہ۔‬
‫❖ ‪Object‬۔رقفےےکادنرسجرپاکمایکاجےئایسجرپاکمواعقوہاسوک‪Object‬اہکاجاتےہ۔اردوںیماسوکوعفملےتہکںیہ۔‬
‫اچہپن‪ :‬اردواک ااسیرقفہ سج ںیمورب(‪)Verb‬ہن وہ اےساسدہ رقفہ ےتہکںیہ۔اشلگن ںیم اس وک ‪ Simple Sentence‬اہک اجات ےہ۔ اب ہیوچہکن‪Present‬اک رقفہ‬
‫ےہاسےیلاسںیممہ ‪is, are, am‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬
‫‪Hasan is a good boy.‬‬ ‫نسحاکیااھچڑلاکےہ۔‬

‫‪Formation:‬‬
‫‪Positive:‬‬ ‫‪Subject + is/are/am + Object‬‬
‫‪Negative:‬‬ ‫‪Subject + is/are/am + not+ Object‬‬
‫‪Interrogative:‬‬ ‫?‪Is/are/am + Subject+ Object+‬‬
‫‪Double Interrogative:‬‬ ‫?‪I.P+ Is/are/am + Subject+ Object+‬‬
‫❖ ‪He, She, It‬اییسکوادحانمینعیرھتڈرپنسسنگلرانمےکاسھتمہ ‪Is‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬

‫❖ ‪We, You, They‬اییسکعمجرقفےےکاسھتمہ ‪Are‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ ‪ I‬ےکاسھتمہ ‪Am‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪Shaheen Shorthand System Near Khan Baba Chburgi Lahore. 0301-4968467‬‬ ‫‪Page 1‬‬
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Exercise
Positive
I am a Pakistani ‫ںیماپاتسکینوہں‬
Boys are busy ‫ڑلےکرصموفںیہ۔‬
Momina is present ‫ومہنماحرضےہ۔‬
Negative
I am not well. ‫ںیمکیھٹںیہنوہں‬
It is not clear today. ‫ٓاجعلطماصفںیہنےہ‬
You are not my enemy. ‫متریمےدنمشںیہنوہ۔‬
Interrogative
:‫ارگوکیئرقفہوساہیلوہوتاسوکمہدرجذلیافرومےلےکتحترکںیےگ‬
Is/are/am + Subject + Object+?
:‫ارگوکیئرقفہوساہیلیھباوریفنمیھبوہوت یفنمواےلرقفےوکمہدرجذلیافرومےلےکتحترکںیےگ‬
Is/are/am + Subject+ not+ Object+?
Is he a good administrator? ‫ایکوہاکیااھچانمظےہ؟‬

Is Aslam a thief? ‫ایکاملسوچرےہ؟‬
Are you found of cricket? ‫ایکمترکٹکےکوشنیقںیہنوہ؟‬
Is your brother not at school? ‫ایکاہمترااھبیئوکسلںیمںیہنےہ؟‬
Double Interrogative
:‫ارگوکیئرقفہڈلبوساہیلوہوتاسوکمہدرجذلیرطےقیےکاطمقبرکںیےگ‬
I.P+ Is/are/am + Subject+ not+ Object+?
(I.P means: Interrogative Pronoun)
How is Adnan a good sales man? ‫دعاننےسیکاکیااھچلیسنیمےہ؟‬

Why are the players lazy? ‫الھکڑیویکںتسسںیہ؟‬
Why I am at fault? ‫مہویکںیطلغرپںیہ؟‬
Translate Urdu to English.
Shaheen Shorthand System Near Khan Baba Chburgi Lahore. 0301-4968467 Page 2
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‫وہالرپوہںیہ۔‬
‫ادستہبذنیہےہ۔‬
‫ھچکاطبلملعٓاجریغاحرضںیہ۔‬
‫رمعاناکیرفضانشسڑلاکےہ۔‬
‫ںیماکیااتسدوہں۔‬
Translate English to Urdu.
Pakistan is an independent state.

Ali is very found of horror movies
Shakespeare is the famous dramatist of the
world.
I am alone
We are obedient.
Tick the right option:
1. Hania ............. not at home. (is, are, am)

2. Our bicycles ............. out of order. (is, are, am)
3. They ................ not busy. (is, are, am)
4. Asad ............. not honest. (is, are, am)
5. ..............Amina not a good doctor? (is, are, am)
Write any ten sentences:
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
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9. ................................................................. .................................................................
10. ................................................................. .................................................................
Lecture-2
The use of “was, were”
‫ اک رقفہ ےہ‬Past ‫ اہک اجات ےہ۔ اب ہی وچہکن‬Simple Sentence ‫) ہن وہ اےس اسدہ رقفہ ےتہک ںیہ۔ اشلگن ںیم اس وک‬Verb(‫ اردواک ااسیرقفہ سج ںیم ورب‬:‫اچہپن‬
‫اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬was, were ‫اسےیلاسںیممہ‬
We were very sad. ‫مہتہباداسےھت۔‬

Formation:
Positive: Subject + was/were + Object
Negative: Subject + was/were + not+ Object
Interrogative: was/were + Subject+ Object+?
Double Interrogative: I.P+ was/were + Subject+ Object+?
‫اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬was ‫اییسکوادحانمینعیرھتڈرپنسسنگلرانمےکاسھتمہ‬He, She, It ❖

‫اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬were ‫اییسکعمجرقفےےکاسھتمہ‬We, You, They ❖
‫اکاامعتسلیہرکںیےگ۔‬was ‫ ےکاسھتیھبمہ‬I ❖
Exercise
Positive
Jabir was in his office. ‫اجرباےنپدرتفںیماھت۔‬
The birds were in their nuts. ‫رپدنےاےنپوھگولسنںںیمےھت۔‬
Paper was very easy. ‫رپیپتہبٓااسناھت۔‬
Negative
His life was not in danger. ‫اسیکزدنیگرطخےںیمہنیھت۔‬
I was not idle. ‫ںیمےباکرہناھت۔‬
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Many boys were not present. ‫تہباسرےڑلےکاحرضہنےھت۔‬
Interrogative
:‫ارگوکیئرقفہوساہیلوہوتاسوکمہدرجذلیافرومےلےکتحترکںیےگ‬
was/were + Subject+ Object+?
‫ارگوکیئرقفہوساہیلیھباوریفنمیھبوہوترھپدرجذلیافرومےلےکتحترکںیےگ۔‬
was/were + Subject+ not+ Object+?
Was this news true? ‫ایکہیربخیچسیھت؟‬

Was Yasir a faithful servant? ‫ایکایرساکیوافدارونرکاھت؟‬
Were they honest? ‫ایکوہاامیدنارےھت؟‬
Was my brother not at home? ‫ایکریمااھبیئرھگرپہناھت؟‬
Was the well not deep? ‫ایکونکاںرہگاہناھت؟‬
:‫ارگوکیئرقفہڈلبوساہیلوہوتاسوکمہدرجذلیرطےقیےکاطمقبرکںیےگ‬
I.P+ was/were + Subject+ not+ Object+?
(I.P means: Interrogative Pronoun)
Why were you absent yesterday? ‫متلکویکںریغاحرضےھت؟‬

When I was claver? ‫ںیمبکالچکاھت؟‬
Why was Ayesha vulgar? ‫اعہشئویکںےبوہدہیھت؟‬
‫وہالرپوہےھت۔‬
‫اطرقذنہںیہناھت۔‬
‫ایکرمعانذنریاکیااھچالھکڑیاھت؟‬
‫ےچبوھبےکویکںےھت؟‬
‫وہاہکںمصروفےھت؟‬
We were attentive.
Those trees were not shady.
Pakistan was in danger.
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My brother was a promising student of his
class.
Was this painting very marvellous?
1. The old man was not at the point of death. (was, were)
2. Capitalistic and communistic..................prominent in many parts of the world.
(was, were)
3. In the 2nd World War, the destructive weapons like the atomic bombs .................a
great threat to the existence of life. (was, were)
4. ............. the people very hopeless about the future of mankind?
(was, were)
5. Socrates .................the founder of the philosophic method.
(was, were)
English Urdu
11. ................................................................. .................................................................
12. ................................................................. .................................................................
13. ................................................................. .................................................................
14. ................................................................. .................................................................
15. ................................................................. .................................................................
16. ................................................................. .................................................................
17. ................................................................. .................................................................
18. ................................................................. .................................................................
19. ................................................................. .................................................................
20. ................................................................. .................................................................
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‫”‪The use of “Has, Have & Had‬‬
‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ سج ےک ٓارخ ںیم راتھک ےہ‪،‬ریتھک ےہ ایرےتھک ںیہ یک اشنین ٓااج ےئ ای یسک تیکلم وک اظرہ رکےن ےک ےیل وبال اجےئ ۔اےسی رقفوں ںیم‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫‪Has/Have‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫اردواک ااسیرقفہ سج ےک ٓارخ ںیم راتھک اھت‪،‬ریتھک یھت ای رےتھک ےھت یک اشنین ٓااج ےئ ای یسک تیکلم وک اظرہ رکےن ےک ےیل وبال اجےئ ۔اےسی رقفوں ںیم ‪Had‬اک‬
‫اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ سج ےک ٓارخ ںیم وہ اگ ‪،‬وہ یگ‪،‬وہں ےگ یک اشنین ٓااجےئ ای یسک تیکلم وک اظرہ رکےن ےک ےیل وبال اجےئ۔اےسی رقفوں ںیم ‪ Will have‬اک‬
‫امہونٹ‪:‬‬
‫❖ ‪He, She, It‬اییسکوادحانمینعیرھتڈرپنسسنگلرانمےکاسھت ‪Has‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ ‪I, We, You, They‬اییسکعمجرقفےےکاسھتمہ‪Have‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ ‪I, We, You, They, He, She, It‬یسکعمجایوادحانمینعیبسےکاسھتمہ‪Had‬یہاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ ‪I, We, You, They, He, She, It‬یسکعمجایوادحانمینعیبسےکاسھتمہ‪Will have‬یہاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪➢ Subject +has/have + object.‬‬

‫‪➢ Subject +had + object.‬‬
‫‪➢ Subject+ will have+ object.‬‬
‫‪I have a car.‬‬ ‫ریمےاپساکیاگڑیےہ۔‬

‫‪Ali has books‬‬ ‫یلعےکاپساتکںیبںیہ۔‬
‫‪Children have many toys.‬‬ ‫ےچبتہبےسولھکےنرےتھکںیہ۔‬
‫‪Ayesha has a mobile.‬‬ ‫اعہشئےکاپساکیومابلئےہ۔‬
‫‪Student has a pen.‬‬ ‫اطبلملعاکیملقراتھکےہ۔‬
‫‪I had a car.‬‬ ‫ریمےاپساکیاگڑییھت۔‬
‫‪Ali had books‬‬ ‫یلعےکاپساتکںیبںیھت۔‬
‫‪Ayesha had a cell.‬‬ ‫اعہشئےکاپسومابلئاھت۔‬
‫‪I will have a car.‬‬ ‫ریمےاپساکیاگڑیوہیگ۔‬
‫‪Amina will have a house.‬‬ ‫ٓاہنمےکاپساکیرھگوہاگ۔‬
‫‪Student will have a pen.‬‬ ‫اطبلملعےکاپسملقوہاگ۔‬
‫امہونٹ‪:‬ضعباواقت‪have‬وک‪)Continuous tenses‬ےکوطررپیھبایکاجاتےہ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬
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I am having take a tea. ‫ںیماچےئیپراہوہں۔‬
I am having a bath. ‫ںیملسغرکراہوہں۔‬
‫ اگلےتںیہ۔‬not ‫ ای‬no ‫ ےکدعب‬has, have, had‫یسکیھبرقفےےکیفنوہےنیکوصرتںیم‬:‫امہونٹ‬
‫ اسوتقاگلایاجاتےہبجیسکزیچیکدعتادولعممہنوہ۔‬No •
‫اسوتقاگلایاجاتےہبجیسکزیچیکدعتادولعمموہ۔‬Not •
I have no car. ‫ریمےاپساگڑیںیہنےہ۔‬

Students have no books ‫اطبلملعےکاپساتکںیبںیہنںیہ۔‬
Students have not two books. ‫اطبلملعےکاپسدواتکںیبںیہنںیہ۔‬
‫یہ‬Have ‫ےکدعبہشیمہ‬do/does/did/ will. ‫ وکیئیھبوہاوررقفہیفنم ایوساہیلںیموہوتاسےکادنر‬subject‫یسکیھبرقفےےک ادنراچےہ‬:‫امہونٹ‬
‫ٓاےئاگ۔‬
I don’t have a car. ‫ریمےاپساکرںیہنےہ۔‬

He doesn’t have a car. ‫وہاکرںیہنراتھکےہ۔‬
He did not have a car. ‫وہاکیاکرںیہنراتھکاھت۔‬
He wouldn’t have a car. ‫اسےکاپساکیاکرںیہنوہیگ۔‬
Exercise
‫اگےئیکاکیدموہیتےہ۔‬
‫وعروتںےکھچکوقحقوہےتںیہ۔‬
‫ڑلویکںےکاپسےئنڑپکےںیہنےھت‬
‫ایکاہمترےاپسوھپلںیہنںیہ؟‬
What have in your pocket?

Had you pigeons?
You have not a beautiful pen.
Sarwat will have not sweater.
1. I.................no spare time to hear your nonsense talk. (has, have)

2. Pakistan.................Ghoure and Shaheen missiles. (has, have, had)
3. She has ...............a cold bath everyday in the morning. (no, not)
4. ...............you mosquitoes in your country in summer? (has, had)
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5. I have many bosom friends (has, have, had)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
9. ................................................................. .................................................................
10. ................................................................. .................................................................
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‫‪Present Indefinite Tense:‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم اتےہ‪،‬یتےہ‪،‬ےتںیہ‪،‬اتوہں‪،‬ےتوہوریغہٓااجےئ۔‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫❖ ارگرقفہںیم‪He,She,It‬ایرھتڈرپنسسنگلرینعییسکوادحانماکذرکٓااجےئوتاسںیممہوربیکیلہپافرمےکاسھت‪s/es‬اکااضہفرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ رقفہےکادنرااسیظفلوجٓاپوربیکتیثیحےساامعتسلرکںیاوراسوربیکٓارخیگنلیپسںیمارگ‪ ch, sh, s, ss, o, x‬ںیمےسوکیئےساکیظفلٓااج‬
‫ےئوتاےسیامتمرقفوںےکادنرمہوربےکاسھت‪es‬اکااضہفرکںیےگ۔اورارگہیظفلہنٓاںیئوترصفوربیکیلہپافرمیہاامعتسلیکاجےئیگ۔‬
‫❖ ارگرقفےںیم‪I, We, You, They‬اییسکعمجےکرقفےںیممہوربیکرصفیلہپافرمیہاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪Positive‬‬
‫‪subject+ 1ts form of verb (s/es) + object‬‬
‫‪I go to bazar.‬‬ ‫ںیمابزاراجاتوہں۔‬

‫‪Ali goes to academy.‬‬ ‫یلعاڈیکیماجاتےہ۔‬
‫‪Amina watches T.V.‬‬ ‫ٓاہنمیٹویدیتھکیےہ۔‬
‫‪Boys play cricket.‬‬ ‫ڑلےکرکٹکےتلیھکںیہ۔‬
‫‪You tell a lie.‬‬ ‫متوھجٹوبےتلوہ۔‬
‫‪Negative‬‬
‫ارگ یفنم رقفہ وہ وت رھپ ‪He, She, It,‬ای یسک رھتڈ رپنس وادح انم ےک اسھت ‪ Does‬اامعتسل رکںی ےگاور رھپ ورب یک رصف یلہپ افرم یہ اامعتسل رکںی‬ ‫•‬
‫ےگ۔اباسںیم‪s/es‬اکساامعتسلںیہنایکاجےئاگ۔‬
‫ارگرقفےںیم ‪I, We, You, They‬اییسکعمجےکرقفےںیممہ‪Do‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬ ‫•‬
‫‪subject+ do not/does not+ 1ts form of verb+ object‬‬
‫‪I do not go to bazar.‬‬ ‫ںیمابزارںیہناجاتوہں۔‬

‫‪Ali does not go to academy.‬‬ ‫یلعاڈیکیمںیہناجاتےہ۔‬
‫‪Amina does not watch T.V.‬‬ ‫ٓاہنمیٹویںیہندیتھکیےہ۔‬
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Boys do not play cricket.‬‬ ‫ڑلےکرکٹکںیہنےتلیھکںیہ۔‬
‫‪You do not tell a lie.‬‬ ‫متوھجٹںیہنوبےتلوہ۔‬
‫‪Interrogative‬‬
‫وساہیلرقفوںےکادنر‪Do/Does‬وکرقفوںےکرشوعںیمےلاجںیئےگ۔‬ ‫•‬
‫?‪Do/Does+ subject+ 1ts form of verb+ object+‬‬
‫ارگرقفہوساہیلیھباوریفنمیھبوہوترھپےچیندےئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکلحرکںی۔‬ ‫•‬
‫?‪Do/Does+ subject+ not+1ts form of verb+ object+‬‬
‫?‪Do the jackals howl in the evening‬‬ ‫ایکڈیگراشموکےتخیچںیہ؟‬

‫?‪Do you read newspaper daily‬‬ ‫ایکمترہروزاابخرڑپےتھوہ؟‬
‫?‪Does Aslam teach English to 10th class‬‬ ‫ایکدعانندوسںیالکسوکارگنزییڑپاتھےہ؟‬
‫?‪Do the children not make a noise‬‬ ‫ایکےچبوشرںیہناچمےتںیہ؟‬
‫?‪Does Faisal not play football‬‬ ‫ایکلصیفٹفابلںیہناتلیھکےہ؟‬
‫‪Double Interrogative‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیمویکں‪،‬بک‪،‬ےسیک‪،‬اہکںوریغہاکظفلٓااجےئوتاسوکمہڈلبوساہیلےتہکںیہںیہ۔‬ ‫•‬
‫ڈلبوساہیلرقفوںےکادنرےچیندےیئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکلحرکںیےگ۔‬ ‫•‬
‫?‪I.P+ do/does+ subject+ 1ts form of verb+ object+‬‬
‫?‪When do you read newspaper‬‬ ‫متبکاابخرڑپےتھوہ؟‬

‫?‪How does Aslam teach English‬‬ ‫دعاننےسیکارگنزییڑپاتھےہ؟‬
‫?‪Why do the children make a noise‬‬ ‫ےچبویکںوشراچےتںیہ؟‬
‫‪Exercise‬‬
‫‪Translate Urdu to English.‬‬
‫وہڑپکےدوھیتےہ۔‬
‫ایکابطستنحمرکاتےہ؟‬
‫مہاطمہعلویکںںیہنرکےت؟‬
‫ریبشاےنپوادلنیاکانہکںیہناماتنےہ۔‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Does she sing a song?

You do not work.
They like apples.
This child does not play with toys.
1. She usually .............at the back of the class. (sit, sits,)

2. We ............... the Pakistan Day on 23rd of March. (celebrates, celebrate)
3. His uncle ...............in England. (work, works)
4. Raza ............... like to waste his time in useless talking. (do not/ does not)
5. Sadia does not..............a lie. (tells , tell)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
9. ................................................................. .................................................................
10. ................................................................. .................................................................
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Present Perfect Tense:‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم اکچےہ‪،‬یکچےہ‪،،‬ےکچںیہ‪،،‬یکچںیہ‪،‬ےکچںیہ‪،‬اکچوہں‪،‬ایلےہ‪،‬ایگےہوریغہٓااتوہ۔‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ارگرقفہںیم‪He,She,It‬ایرھتڈرپنسسنگلرینعییسکوادحانماکذرکٓااجےئوتاسںیممہ‪Has‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖‬
‫❖ ارگرقفہںیم‪I,We,You,They‬اییسکعمجیکابتوہیگوترھپمہ‪ Have‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪subject+ has/have+ 3rd form of verb + object‬‬
‫‪I have written a new book.‬‬ ‫ںیمےناکییئناتکبھکلیلےہ۔‬

‫‪Children have done their work.‬‬ ‫وچبںےناانپاکملمکمرکایلےہ۔‬
‫‪Guests have come.‬‬ ‫امہمنٓاےکچںیہ۔‬
‫‪Hassan has eaten meal.‬‬ ‫نسحےناھکاناھکاکچےہ۔‬
‫‪We have taken tea.‬‬ ‫مہاچےئیپےکچںیہ۔‬
‫ےچیندےیئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکیفنمانبانےہ۔‬ ‫•‬
‫‪subject+ has/have not + 3rd form of verb + object‬‬
‫‪You have not washed clothes.‬‬ ‫ںیمےنڑپکےںیہندوھےئںیہ۔‬

‫‪You have not informed me.‬‬ ‫متےنےھجماالطعںیہندیےہ۔‬
‫‪Sabir has not gone to school.‬‬ ‫اصربوکسلںیہنایگےہ۔‬
‫ے‬
‫ےچیندیےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکوساہیلانبانےہ۔‬ ‫•‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Has/have +subject + 3rd form of verb + object +?
‫ارگرقفہوساہیلیھباوریفنمیھبوہوترھپےچیندےئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکلحرکںی۔‬ •
Has/Have + subject+ not + 3rd form of verb + object
Have you taken rest? ‫ایکمتےنٓارامرکایلےہ؟‬

Have we given our words? ‫ایکمہودعہرکےکچںیہ؟‬
Has the sun risen? ‫ایکوسرجلکناکچےہ؟‬
Have the guests eaten meal? ‫ایکامہمونںےناھکانںیہناھکایےہ؟‬
Has Ahmed not gone to school? ‫ایکادمحوکسلںیہنایگےہ۔‬
‫اہکںوریغہاکظفلٓااجےئوتاسوکمہڈلبوساہیلےتہکںیہںیہ۔‬،‫ےسیک‬،‫بک‬،‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیمویکں‬ •
‫ڈلبوساہیلرقفوںےکادنرےچیندےیئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکلحرکںیےگ۔‬ •
Formation:
I.P+ has/have +subject + 3rd form of verb + object +?
Why have you cheated the people? ‫متےنولوگںوکویکںدوھہکدایےہ؟‬

Why have the children told a lie? ‫وچبںےنویکںوھجٹوبالےہ؟‬
When has Kamran bought a new car? ‫اکرمانےنبکیئناکررخدییےہ؟‬
Exercise
‫ںیمےناکیاینوسٹرخدیایلےہ۔‬
‫اپاتسکینٓاریمدتشہرگدیرپاقوباپیکچےہ۔‬
‫ایکاطبلملعااحتمناپسےکچںیہ؟‬
‫وساینےنارگنزییںیہنیھکیسےہ۔‬
Pakistan has not controlled inflation.

We have offered prayer.
Has Momina bought new shoes?
How have they crossed the river?
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
1. In spite of great advances in the field of psychology we............ not yet fully
understood the mystery of dreams. (has, have)
2. ..............you seen my beg anywhere? (has, have)
3. A naughty boy .............plucked the flowers. (has, have)
4. The students...............worked very well in this term. (has, have)
5. Maryam...............not yet decided to go to Muree. (has, have)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
9. ................................................................. .................................................................
10. ................................................................. .................................................................
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Present Continuous Tense:‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم راہےہ‪،‬ریہےہ‪،‬رےہںیہ‪،‬راہوہں‪،‬ریہںیہوریغہٓااجےئ‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ارگرقفےںیم‪He,She,It‬ایرھتڈرپنسسنگلرینعییسکوادحانماکذرکٓااجےئوتاسںیم‪is‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖‬
‫❖ رقفےںیم‪We, You, They‬ایعمجاومسںےکاسھت‪ are‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ رقفےںیم۔‪I‬ےکاسھت‪am‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪Subject + is/are/am +1ts form of verb-ing + object‬‬
‫‪I am going to office.‬‬ ‫ںیمدرتفاجراہوہں۔‬

‫‪Boys are playing cricket.‬‬ ‫ڑلےکرکٹکلیھکرےہںیہ۔‬
‫‪Sadia is watching T.V.‬‬ ‫دعسہییٹویدھکیریہےہ۔‬
‫سلن‬ ‫ن‬
‫❖ ضعباواقتاردوےکرقفوںےکٓارخںیم‪Continuous‬یکاچہپنںیہنوہیت‪،‬ینعیراہےہ‪،‬ریہےہ‪،‬رےہںیہوریغہ۔نکیلانرقفوںیکرٹا شنمہ‬
‫‪Continuous‬ںیمیہرکںیےگ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬
‫‪The cat is sitting under the chair.‬‬ ‫یلبرکیسےکےچینیھٹیبوہیئےہ۔‬

‫‪The children are standing on the table.‬‬ ‫ےچبزیمرپڑھکےںیہ۔‬
‫‪I am standing on the stage.‬‬ ‫ںیمجیٹسرپڑھکاوہں۔‬
‫سلن‬‫ن‬
‫❖ ضعباواقتھچکرقفے‪Future Indefinite Tense‬ےکوہےتںیہنکیلانیکرٹا شنیھب‪Continuous‬ںیمیہرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪I am going to write a new book.‬‬ ‫ںیماکییئناتکبےنھکلاگلوہں۔(وھکلںاگ)‬

‫‪He is going to Dubai next week.‬‬ ‫وہاےلگےتفہدویئباجےئاگ۔(اجراہےہ)‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Subject + is/are/am + not+1ts form of verb-ing + object
I am not going to office. ‫ںیمدرتفںیہناجراہوہں۔‬

Boys are not playing cricket. ‫ڑلےکرکٹکںیہنلیھکرےہںیہ۔‬
Sadia is not watching T.V. ‫دعسہییٹویںیہندھکیریہےہ۔‬
Interrogative
‫ے‬
‫ےچیندیےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکوساہیلانبانےہ۔‬ •
Formation:
Is/are/am + subject +1ts form of verb-ing + object+?
Is/are/am + subject + not +1ts form of verb-ing + object+?
Is Naila helping this poor? ‫ایکانہلئاسرغبیٓادیمیکدمدرکریہےہ؟‬

Are our rulers working for the ‫ایکامہرےرمکحانکلمیکرتیقےکےیلاکمرکرےہںیہ؟‬
development of Pakistan?
Are we not buying a new house? ‫ایکمہایناکمنںیہنرخدیرےہںیہ؟‬
Is he reading newspaper? ‫ایکوہاابخرڑپھراہےہ؟‬
Am I hardworking honestly? ‫ایکںیماامیدناریےستنحمرکراہوہں؟‬
Formation:
I.P+ is/are/am + subject +1ts form of verb-ing + object+?
Why are the children not going to school? ‫ےچبویکںوکسلںیہناجرےہ؟‬

How I am driving? ‫ںیمےسیکاکرالچراہوہں؟‬
How Sumaira is offering prayer? ‫ریمساےسیکامنزڑپھریہےہ؟‬
Exercise
‫وہرڈیویںیہننسرےہںیہ۔‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
‫ایکںیہمترسدیگلریہےہ؟‬
‫وہویکںالچرےہںیہ؟‬
‫وہاسرہشوکوھچڑراہےہ۔‬
You are not flying the kite.

He is not going to college.
Our government is not controlling inflation
in Pakistan.
Is Pakistan wining the match?
1. .............they not troubling their neighbour? (is, are, am)

2. The government ............making preparations to file a suit against her opponents.
(is, are, am)
3. The stars ..............twinkling in the sky. (is, are, am)
4. Internet ..............also becoming commonplace like cable system.
(is, are, am)
5. The Air condition ...............working but still I am feeling hot. (is, are, am)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
9. ................................................................. .................................................................
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪10. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪Present Perfect Continuous Tense:‬‬
‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ وج ‪ Continuous‬ںیم وہ‪،‬نکیل ‪ Continuous‬ےک رقفے ںیم وکیئ وتق ٓا اجےئ وت وہ ‪ Perfect Continuous Tense‬وہ اگ۔‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ہی زامہن اےسی اکومں وک اظرہ رکات ےہ وجزگرے وہےئ زامےن ںیمیسک اخص وتق ےسےل رک اب کت اجریوہ ۔ اسیک یھب دووصرںیت ںیہ۔‬ ‫(ای)‬
‫(ڑلےکحبصےسرکٹکلیھکرےہںیہ۔)‬ ‫رقفےںیمہیولعمموہاتےہہکاکمبکےسرشوعوہاےہ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬ ‫اول۔‬
‫(ارکماکیفدونںےساکجلںیہناجراہےہ۔)‬ ‫رقفےںیمہیولعممںیہنوہاتےہہکاکمبکےسرشوعوہاےہ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬ ‫دومئ۔‬
‫ارگرقفےںیم‪He,She,It‬ایرھتڈرپنسسنگلرینعییسکوادحانماکذرکٓااجےئوتاسںیم‪has been‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖‬
‫❖ رقفےںیم‪I, We, You, They,‬اییسکعمجواےلاومسںےکاسھت‪has been‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫❖ اس ‪ Tense‬ںیم وتقاکوہان تہب یہرضوریوہاتےہ۔اس ےیلاس ںیم‪ Since‬ای‪for‬اک وہانیھب رضوریےہ۔(حبص‪،‬دورہپ‪،‬اشم اییسک وصخمصوتق ےک‬
‫ےیلاسیج ہک ڑھکیےک وتق‪ ،‬نس ‪،‬ےنیہم اوراترخی وریغہ ےک ‪ Since‬اک اامعتسل رکںی ےگ۔اور وتق یک دقمار ای دمت ےسیج‪ ،‬دوےٹنھگ‪ ،‬اچردن‪ٓ،‬اھٹ ےتفہ‪ ،‬اپچن‬
‫ےنیہم‪،‬استاسلوریغہےکےیل‪For‬اامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔‬
‫‪Subject + has been/have been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time.‬‬
‫‪I have been waiting for you for three‬‬ ‫ںیمنیتےٹنھگےساہمتراااظتنررکراہوہں۔‬

‫‪hours.‬‬
‫‪We have been working since morning.‬‬ ‫مہحبصےساکمرکرےہںیہ۔‬
‫‪Sidra has been suffering from fever for two‬‬ ‫دسرہدودنےساخبرںیمالتبمےہ۔‬
‫‪days.‬‬
‫‪Subject + has not been/have not been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time.‬‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
I have not been waiting for you since ‫ںیمحبصےساہمتراااظتنرںیہنرکراہوہں۔‬
morning.
We have not been working for five days. ‫مہاپچندنےساکمںیہنرکرےہںیہ۔‬
He has not been going to college for two ‫وہدودنےساکجلںیہناجراہےہ۔‬
days.
Interrogative
‫ے‬
Formation:
Has/Have + subject +been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
Has/Have + subject + not +been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
Have I been working hard for two years? ‫ایکںیمدواسلےستنحمرکراہوہں؟‬

Has Jabir been taking exercise since ‫ایکاجربحبصےسورزشرکراہےہ؟‬
morning?
Have they not been going to there for two ‫ایکوہدووتفہںےسواہںںیہناجرےہںیہ؟‬
weeks?
Have you been teaching in this school since ‫ءےساسوکسلںیمڑپاھرےہوہ؟‬۱۹۸۴‫ایکمت‬
1984?
Have our rulers not been working for the ‫ایک امہرے رمکحان اپاتسکن یک رتیق ےک ےیل اکیف رعےص ےساکم ںیہن رک رےہ‬
development of Pakistan for many times?
‫ںیہ؟‬
Formation:
I.P+has/have + subject +been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
Why have I been working for two years? ‫ںیمدواسلےسویکںتنحمرکراہوہں؟‬

How has Jabir been taking exercise since ‫اجربےسیکحبصےسورزشرکراہےہ؟‬
morning?
Why have children not been sleeping for ‫ےچبدووٹنھگںےسویکںںیہنوسرےہںیہ؟‬
two hours?
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Exercise
‫وہاکیاسلےسافی۔اےیکایتریںیہنرکراہےہ۔‬
‫اطبلملعحبصےسویکںوشررکرےہںیہ؟‬
‫وہسیتٹنمےساہیکلیھکرےہںیہ۔‬
‫لصیفاوررمعاندودنےساکجلںیہنٓارےہںیہ۔‬
Have you been taking Matric examination

for two years?
She has been washing clothes for an hour.
Junaid has been flying kite since morning.
Has she been ironing the clothes since
morning?
1. I ................this printer for four month. (has been/have been)

2. Why have the wrestlers been taking exercise............... morning?
(since/for)
3. The police have been trying to catch the thief ............eight days.
(since/ for)
4. It has not been raining heavily in Lahore ..............many years.
(since/for)
5. Why ........... that man been standing there ..............6 O, Clock?
(has/have), (since/for)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪6. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪7. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪8. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪9. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪10. .................................................................‬‬ ‫‪.................................................................‬‬
‫‪Past Indefinite Tense:‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم’’ا‪،‬ای‪،‬ےی‪،‬ےئ‪،‬ںی‪،‬ی‪،‬اوریئ‪،‬ایگ‪ٓ،‬اای‪ٓ،‬اےئ‪،‬اھت‪،‬ےھت‪،‬یھتوریغہٓااتےہ۔ اےسیرقفے اےسیاکم وکاظرہرکےتوجزگرے‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫وہےئزامےنںیمیسکوتقوہں۔‬
‫اس ‪Sentence‬ےکادنرمہرہامسےکاسھتوربیکدورسیافرمیہاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬ ‫❖‬
‫‪Subject + 2nd form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪We went to the zoo.‬‬ ‫مہڑچایرھگےئگےھت۔‬

‫‪A boy stood on the bench.‬‬ ‫اکیڑلاکچنیبرپڑھکاوہایگ۔‬
‫‪We bought a new car.‬‬ ‫مہےناکییئناگڑیرخدیی۔‬
‫اس‪Sentence‬ںیمرقفوںوکیفنمانبےنےکےیل‪did‬ےکاامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔ایدےہبجرقفےےکادنر‪did‬گلاجاتےہوترھپہشیمہوربیکیلہپافرم‬ ‫•‬
‫یہاامعتسلیکاجیتےہ۔‬
‫‪Subject + did not + 1ts form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪He did not help the poor.‬‬ ‫اسےنرغوبیںیکدمدہنیک۔‬
‫‪They did not act upon my advice.‬‬ ‫اوھنںےنریمینصجیٹرپلمعہنایک۔‬
‫‪I did not play cricket today.‬‬ ‫ںیمےنٓاجرکٹکںیہنیلیھک۔‬
‫ے‬
‫?‪Did+ subject + 1ts form of verb + object +‬‬
‫?‪Did+ subject + not+ 1ts form of verb + object +‬‬
‫?‪Did you go for a walk‬‬ ‫ایکمتریسےکےیلےئگ؟‬

‫?‪Did the children make a noise‬‬ ‫ایکوچبںےنوشراچمای؟‬
‫?‪Did Anmol prepare meal‬‬ ‫ایکاومنلےناھکاناکپای؟‬
‫?‪Did the students not learn their lesson‬‬ ‫ایکاطبلوملعںےناانپقبسایدںیہنایک؟‬
‫?‪I.P+ did+ subject +1ts form of verb + object +‬‬
‫?‪When did you go for a walk‬‬ ‫متبکریسوکےئگےھت؟‬

‫?‪Why did you not pay their dues‬‬ ‫متےناےنپواابجتویکںںیہنعمجرکواےئ۔‬
‫?‪Why did Ahmed take examination‬‬ ‫ادمحےنااحتمنویکںںیہندای؟‬
‫?‪When did Irslan go to school‬‬ ‫ارالسنوکسلبکایگ؟‬
‫اپاتسکنچیمتیجایگ۔‬
‫اسےنوہفیظاحلصایک۔‬
‫ایکوہرہروزورزشایکرکےتےھت؟‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
‫وپسیلےنرجمومںوکزساویکںہندی۔‬
Did I not wait for him?

Why did the labourers go on strike?
Did you study for an hour?
He met me yesterday.
1. The truck .............into the wall. (run, ran)

2. All the students................to the principal in a body to get their grievances redressed.
(go, went)
3. Did he .................to high position by virtu of honesty and hard labour?
(rise, rose)
4. Hazrat Muhammad (SAW)..............the captive of the battle of Badar to teach reading
and writing to Muslim children. (ask, asked)
5. Allama Iqbal .................his early education at a local high school. (receive, received)
English Urdu
1. ................................................................. .................................................................
2. ................................................................. .................................................................
3. ................................................................. .................................................................
4. ................................................................. .................................................................
5. ................................................................. .................................................................
6. ................................................................. .................................................................
7. ................................................................. .................................................................
8. ................................................................. .................................................................
9. ................................................................. .................................................................
10. ................................................................. ................................................................
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Past Perfect Tense:‬‬
‫اردواک ااسیرقفہ سجےک ٓارخ ںیم ’’اکچ اھت‪ ،‬یکچیھت‪،‬ےکچ ےھت ای اےسی ‪ Sentence‬ےک ادنر اکی یہہلمج وہات ےہ نکیلاسےک دوےصحوہےتںیہ۔ اس ںیم‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ہی زامہن اےسی اکومں وک اظرہ رکات ےہ وج زگرے‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ذگہتشزامےنںیمدواکومںاکوہانرضوریےہ۔انںیماکیاکمےلہپمتخوہاکچوہاوردورسارشوعوہ۔‬
‫وہےئزامےنںیمیسکوتقےسےلہپاییسکاوراکمےکوہےنےسےلہپوہےکچےھت۔‬
‫ضعباواقتھچکرقفوںےکادنریسکاکمےکوہےنےسےلہپھچکاکموہاکچوہاتےہنکیلاےسی‪ Sentence‬اکرصفاکییہہلمجوہاتےہ‪،‬اےسیولمجںںیم‬ ‫❖‬
‫‪before, till and already‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬
‫وج ہلمج رصف اکی وہ نکیل اسےک دوےصح وہں ےگ۔اس ںیم ےس سج ںیماکم ےلہپ وہاکچ وہ وت اس ںیم ‪ had‬اک اامعتسل ایک اجےئ اگ اوردورسا ہصح ‪Past‬‬ ‫❖‬
‫‪indefinite‬ںیمیہرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪Subject + had+ 3rd form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪We had already eaten meal.‬‬ ‫مہےلہپیہاھکاناھکےکچےھت۔‬
‫‪The sun had set down when we reached‬‬ ‫بجمہرھگےچنہپوتوسرجڈوباکچاھت۔‬
‫‪home.‬‬
‫‪The train had left before we reached the‬‬ ‫امہرےنشیٹسرپےنچنہپےسےلہپاگڑیرواہنوہیکچیھت۔‬
‫‪station.‬‬
‫‪The patient had died before the doctor‬‬ ‫ڈارٹکےکٓاےنےسےلہپرمضیرماکچاھت۔‬
‫‪came.‬‬
‫‪Subject + had not+ 3rd form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪Hafeez had reached here till 4 O clock that‬‬ ‫ظیفحاسدناچرےجبکتاہیںںیہناچنہپاھت۔‬
‫‪day.‬‬
‫‪We had not seen the zoo before.‬‬ ‫مہےنےلہپڑچایرھگںیہنداھکیاھت۔‬
‫‪The patient had not died before the doctor‬‬ ‫ڈارٹکےکٓاےنےسےلہپرمضیںیہنرمااھت۔‬
‫‪came.‬‬
‫ے‬
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫?‪Had + subject + 3rd form of verb + object+‬‬
‫?‪Had + subject + not 3rd form of verb + object+‬‬
‫‪Had you ever seen such a beautiful picture‬‬ ‫ایکمتےناینتوخوصبرتوصتریےلہپیھبکدیھکییھت؟‬
‫?‪before‬‬
‫?‪Had we bought a new house‬‬ ‫ایکمہاینرھگرخدیےکچےھت؟‬
‫?‪Had she not cooked meal‬‬ ‫ایکوہاھکانںیہناکپیکچیھت؟‬
‫?‪Had you eaten meal before we came‬‬ ‫ایکامہرےٓاےنےسےلہپٓاپاھکانںیہناھکےکچےھت؟‬
‫?‪I.P+ Had + subject + 3rd form of verb + object+‬‬
‫?‪Why had he paid his debt before I asked‬‬ ‫ریمےوپےنھچےسےلہپوہاانپرقضویکںادارکاکچاھت؟‬
‫?‪Why had they not offered prayer‬‬ ‫وہاینپامنزویکںںیہنڑپھےکچےھت؟‬
‫‪Exercise Self-practice‬‬
‫ایکاہمترےواہںرپےنچنہپےسےلہپادساالسمٓاابدرواہنوہاکچاھت؟‬
‫اسےنلککتریمیاتکبواسپںیہنیکیھت۔‬
‫وہچیمںیہنتیجےکچےھت۔‬
‫ایکمتاہنےکچےھت؟‬
‫‪Translate English to Urdu.‬‬
‫‪I had paid the fee.‬‬
‫‪Students had reached school before the‬‬
‫‪teacher came.‬‬
‫‪We had not eaten meal before the father‬‬
‫‪came.‬‬
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Past Continuous Tense:‬‬
‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم’’راہاھت‪،‬ریہیھت‪،‬رےہےھت‘‘وریغہیکاشنینٓااجےئ۔‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ارگ رقفے ںیم ‪ He,She,It‬ای رھتڈ رپنس سنگلر ینعی یسک وادح انم اک ذرک ٓا اجےئ وت اس ںیم ‪was‬اک اامعتسل رکںی ےگ۔(‪)I‬ےک اسھت یھب مہ ‪ was‬اک یہ‬ ‫❖‬
‫رقفےںیم‪, We, You, They,‬اییسکعمجواےلاومسںےکاسھت‪Were‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬ ‫❖‬
‫‪Subject + was/were+ 1ts form of verb-ing + object.‬‬
‫‪Rimsha was preparing tea.‬‬ ‫راشماچےئایتررکریہیھت۔‬
‫‪We were going to bazar.‬‬ ‫مہابزاراجرےہےھت۔‬
‫‪Ahmed was going to Karachi.‬‬ ‫ادمحرکایچاجراہاھت۔‬
‫‪Subject + was/were+ not + 1ts form of verb-ing + object.‬‬
‫‪I was not singing a song.‬‬ ‫ںیماگانںیہناگراہاھت۔‬
‫‪We were not cutting jokes.‬‬ ‫مہذماقںیہنرکرےہےھت۔‬
‫‪He was not going there.‬‬ ‫وہواہںںیہناجراہاھت۔‬
‫ے‬
‫? ‪Was/Were + subject + 1ts form of verb-ing + object +‬‬
‫? ‪Was/Were + subject + not + 1ts form of verb-ing + object +‬‬
‫?‪Was I looking for a book‬‬ ‫ایکںیماتکبالتشرکراہاھت؟‬
‫?‪Were you learning your lesson‬‬ ‫ایکمتاانپقبسایدرکرےہےھت؟‬
‫?‪Was he not going to school‬‬ ‫ایکوہوکسلںیہناجراہاھت؟‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Formation:
I.P+ was/were + subject + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + ?
How was she playing tennis? ‫وہسنیٹےسیکلیھکریہیھت؟‬
Why were they catching fish? ‫وہایلھچمںویکںڑکپرےہےھت؟‬
Exercise Self-practice
‫ڑلےکاتالبےسایلھچمںڑکپرےہےھت۔‬
‫ڈارٹکرمضییکضبنویکںںیہندھکیراہاھت۔‬
‫وہےسیکورزشرکرےہےھت؟‬
‫وہاےنپداتناصفںیہنرکریہیھت۔‬
The girls were not eating rice.
Keats was suffering from the fatal
diseases, tuberculosis.
Rizwan was taking to her friend on the
phone.
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Past Perfect Continuous Tense:‬‬
‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ وج ‪ Continuous‬ںیم وہ‪،‬نکیل ‪ Continuous‬ےک رقفے ںیم وکیئ وتق ٓا اجےئ وت وہ ‪ Perfect Continuous Tense‬وہ اگ۔‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫ہی زامہن اےسی اکومں وک اظرہ رکات ےہ وجزگرے وہےئ زامےن ںیمیسک اخص وتق ےسےل رک اب کت اجریوہ ۔ اسیک یھب دووصرںیت ںیہ۔‬ ‫(ای)‬
‫(ڑلےکحبصےسرکٹکلیھکرےہےھت۔)‬ ‫رقفےںیمہیولعمموہاتےہہکاکمبکےسرشوعوہاےہ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬ ‫اول۔‬
‫(ارکماکیفدونںےساکجلںیہناجراہاھت۔)‬ ‫رقفےںیمہیولعممںیہنوہاتےہہکاکمبکےسرشوعوہاےہ۔اثملےکوطررپ‪:‬‬ ‫دومئ۔‬
‫❖‬
‫ارگرقفےںیمرہافلعینعی‪Subject‬ےکاسھت‪had been‬اکیہاامعتسلایکاجےئاگ۔‬
‫❖ اس ‪ Tense‬ںیم وتقاکوہان تہب یہرضوریوہاتےہ۔اس ےیلاس ںیم‪ Since‬ای‪ for‬اک وہانیھب رضوریےہ۔(حبص‪،‬دورہپ‪،‬اشم اییسک وصخمصوتق ےک‬
‫ےیلاسیج ہک ڑھکیےک وتق‪ ،‬نس ‪،‬ےنیہم اوراترخی وریغہ ےک ‪ Since‬اک اامعتسل رکںی ےگ۔اور وتق یک دقمار ای دمت ےسیج‪ ،‬دوےٹنھگ‪ ،‬اچردن‪ٓ،‬اھٹ ےتفہ‪ ،‬اپچن‬
‫ےنیہم‪،‬استاسلوریغہےکےیل‪For‬اامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔‬
‫‪Subject + had been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time.‬‬
‫‪Momina had been doing his work since‬‬ ‫ومہنمحبصےساانپاکمرکریہیھت۔‬
‫‪morning.‬‬
‫‪We had been living this house for last six‬‬ ‫مہےلھچپھچامہےساساکمنںیمرہرےہےھت۔‬
‫‪month.‬‬
‫‪They had been building the house for‬‬ ‫وہنیتامہےساکمنریمعترکرےہےھت۔‬
‫‪three month.‬‬
‫‪Subject + had not been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time.‬‬
‫‪I had not been waiting for him for eight‬‬ ‫‪s.‬ںیمٓاھٹدنےساساکااظتنرںیہنرکراہاھت۔‬
‫‪days.‬‬
‫‪You had not been going to school for the‬‬ ‫متےلھچپدودنےسوکسلںیہناجرےہےھت۔‬
‫‪last two days.‬‬
‫ے‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Formation:
Had + subject + been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
Had + subject + not been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
Had I been thinking for an hour? ‫ایکںیماکیےٹنھگےسوسچراہاھت؟‬
Had we not been reading newspaper for ‫ایکمہسیبٹنمےساابخرںیہنڑپھرےہےھت؟‬
twenty minutes?
Had she been sleeping since morning? ‫ایکوہحبصےسوسریہیھت؟‬
Formation:
I.P+ had + subject + been +1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time +?
How had she been playing tennis since ‫وہحبصےسسنیٹےسیکلیھکریہیھت؟‬
morning?
Why had they been catching fish for many ‫وہاکیفدونںےسویکںایلھچمںڑکپرےہےھت؟‬
days?
‫ایکوہدواسلےساانپوتقاضعئرکراہاھت؟‬
‫ءےسااحتمنیکایتریرکریہیھت؟‬۱۹۹۹‫ایکاہہین‬
‫وہیئکروزےساخبرںیمالتبماھت۔‬
‫اڈنایاکیفرعےصےساپاتسکنےسچیمےنتیجیکوکششرکراہاھت۔‬
Had you been travelling since Monday?
Children had been watching cartoon since
morning.
His father had been working in the mine
for four years.
I had been studying in this college for
many years.
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Lecture-12
Future IndefiniteTense:
‫یگ‘‘یکاشنینٓااجےئ۔‬،‫ےگ‬،‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم’’اگ‬ :‫اچہپن‬
:‫امہونٹ‬
Will‫ےکاسھت‬I,We ‫اکاامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔نکیل‬Will‫ےک اسھت‬Pronoun‫اکاامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔اورابیقبس‬Shall‫ےکاسھت‬I,We‫ومعیموطررپ‬ ❖

‫یھباگلایاجاتکسےہ۔‬
Exercise
Positive
Formation:
Subject + will/shall + 1ts form of verb + object.
I shall buy a book. ‫ںیماکیاتکبرخدیوںاگ۔‬
Children will learn their lesson. ‫ےچباانپقبسایدرکںیےگ۔‬
He will go to college. ‫وہاکجلاجےئاگ۔‬
We will help the poor. ‫مہرغوبیںیکدمدرکںیےگ۔‬
Negative
‫ےچیندےیئےئگافرومےلےکتحتاسوکیفنمانبانےہ۔‬ •
Formation:
Subject + will/shall not + 1ts form of verb + object.
I shall not wait for you. ‫ںیماہمتراااظتنرںیہنرکوںاگ۔‬
We shall not play match. ‫مہچیمںیہنںیلھکےگ۔‬
They will not waste their time. ‫وہاانپوتقاضعئںیہنرکںیےگ۔‬
Interrogative
‫ے‬
Formation:
Will/Shall + subject + 1ts form of verb + object +?
• Will/Shall + subject not + 1ts form of verb + object +?
Shall I go to Jhang? ‫ایکںیمگنھجاجؤںاگ؟‬
Shall we go for a walk? ‫ایکمہریسوکاجںیئےگ۔‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Will she not buy new clothes? ‫ایکوہےئنڑپکےںیہنرخدیےیگ؟‬
Formation:
I.P+ will/shall + subject + 1ts form of verb + object +?
When will boys play cricket? ‫ڑلےکبکرکٹکںیلھکےگ؟‬
When will you go to zoo? ‫متڑچایرھگبکاجؤےگ؟‬
‫وہاچےئںیہنےئیپیگ۔‬
‫وہاہیںدنچروزایقمرکںیےگ۔‬
‫ایکوہڑکویدوایئیپےلیگ؟‬
‫ایکاپاتسکنرکٹکورڈلپکےتیجاگ؟‬
Will you speak truth?
You will bring credit to your parents.
Will he learn this poem by heart?
How shall we fly a kite?
‫‪PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬
‫‪Future Perfect Tense:‬‬
‫اردواک ااسیرقفہ سجےک ٓارخ ںیم’’ اکچ وہاگ‪،‬یکچوہیگ‪،‬ےکچ وہں ےگ‪،‬اکچ وہں اگ‘‘وریغہیکاشنین ٓا اجےئ۔ای ااسیہلمج سجےک دوےصح وہں اوراس ںیم اکی‬ ‫اچہپن‪:‬‬
‫اکموہےنےسےلہپدورسااکملمکموہاکچوہاگ۔‬
‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ سج ےک دو ےصح وہں ‪،‬سج ےصح ںیم ےلہپ اکم لمکم وہ اکچ وہ اگ اس وک ‪ Future Perfect‬ںیم رکںی ےگ اور دورسے ےصح وک ‪Present‬‬ ‫❖‬
‫‪Indefinite‬ںیمرکںیےگ۔‬
‫‪Subject + will have/shall have + 3rd form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪You will have heard this news.‬‬ ‫متہیربخنسےکچوہےگ۔‬
‫‪He will have gone to Karachi.‬‬ ‫وہرکایچاجاکچوہاگ۔‬
‫‪They will have taken tea before I come.‬‬ ‫ریمےٓاےنےسےلہپوہاچےئیپےکچوہںےگ۔‬
‫‪We shall have reached home before‬‬ ‫وسرجرغوبوہےنےسےلہپمہرھگچنہپےکچوہںےگ۔‬
‫‪sunset.‬‬
‫‪Subject + will not have /shall not have + 3rd form of verb + object.‬‬
‫‪We will not have taken breakfast.‬‬ ‫مہانہتشںیہنرکےکچوہںےگ۔‬
‫‪You will not have ironed your clothes‬‬ ‫وسرجولطحوہےنےسےلہپمتاےنپڑپکےارتسیںیہنرکےکچوہںےگ۔‬
‫‪before the sun rises.‬‬
‫‪They will not have watered the plants.‬‬ ‫اوھنںےنوپدوںاکاپینںیہندایوہاگ۔‬
‫ے‬
‫?‪Will /Shall + subject + have + 3rd form of verb + object +‬‬
‫?‪Will /Shall + subject + not have + 3rd form of verb + object +‬‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Will she have gone to bed? ‫ایکوہوسیکچوہیگ؟‬
Will they have finished their work? ‫ایکوہاانپاکممتخرکےکچوہںےگ؟‬
Will the patient have died before the ‫ایکڈارٹکےکٓاےنےسےلہپرمضیرماکچوہاگ۔‬
doctor comes?
Will the cook have not prepared the meal ‫ایکوسرجڑچےنھےسےلہپابوریچاھکانںیہناکپاکچوہاگ؟‬
before the sun rises?
Will I have not written a new book? ‫ںیمںیماکییئناتکبںیہنھکلاکچوہںاگ؟‬
Formation:
I.P+ Will /Shall + subject + have + 3rd form of verb + object +?
How will the government have arrested ‫وکحتمےسیکرجمومںوکرگاتفررکیکچوہیگ؟‬
criminals?
How will the boys have reached in the ‫ڑلےکےسیکرگؤڈنںیمچنہپےکچوہںےگ؟‬
ground?
‫وہےسلجںیمچنہپاکچوہاگ۔‬
‫اسےنوکسلاکاکممتخںیہنایکوہاگ۔‬
‫ابرشرشوعوہےنےسےلہپچیممتخوہاکچوہاگ۔‬
‫ایکاسےناپاتسکناکہشقنچنیھکایلوہاگ؟‬
Shall we have finished our course before
the summer vacations begins?
I shall have reached at the station before
the train comes.
The thief will not have run away before the
police come.
I shall not have learnt my lesson till
tomorrow.
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Lecture-14
Future Continuous Tense:
‫رےہوہںےگ‘‘وریغہٓااتےہ۔‬،‫ریہوہیگ‬،‫اردواکااسیرقفہسجےکٓارخںیم’’راہوہاگ‬ :‫اچہپن‬
:‫امہونٹ‬
‫اگلدںیوتیھبوکیئہلئسمںیہنوہاگ۔‬Will be ‫اگلںیئےگ۔ارگبسےکاسھتیہ‬Will be‫اورابیقبسےکاسھت‬Shall be ‫ےکاسھت‬I,We ❖
Exercise
Positive
Formation:
Subject + will be/shall be + 1ts form of verb-ing + object.
I will be taking tea. ‫ںیماچےئیپراہوہںاگ۔‬
We shall be doing our work. ‫مہاانپاکمرکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
You will be telling a lie. ‫متوھجٹوبلرےہوہےگ۔‬
He will be going to home. ‫وہرھگاجراہوہاگ۔‬
She will be arranging a party. ‫وہاکیاپریٹاکدنبوتسبرکریہوہیگ۔‬
Negative
Formation:
Subject + will not be/shall not be + 1ts form of verb-ing + object.
Ayesha will not be washing clothes. ‫اعہشئڑپکےںیہندوھریہوہیگ۔‬
We shall not be playing cricket. ‫مہرکٹکںیہنلیھکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
You will not be listening to me. ‫متریمیابتںیہننسرےہوہےگ۔‬
Interrogative
‫ے‬
Formation:
Will/Shall + subject + be + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + ?
Will/Shall + subject + not be + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + ?
Shall I be writing a letter? ‫ایکںیمطخھکلراہوہںاگ؟‬

Shall we be decorating the room? ‫ایکمہرمکےوکاجسرےہوہںےگ؟‬
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Will you not be praising him? ‫ایکمتاسیکرعتفیںیہنرکرےہوہےگ؟‬
Will he be not looking for you? ‫ایکوہںیہمتالتشںیہنرکراہوہاگ؟‬
Will she be weeping? ‫ایکوہروریہوہیگ؟‬
Formation:
I.P+ Will/Shall + subject + be + 1ts form of verb-ing + object +?
How will they be bathing in the river? ‫وہدرایںیمےسیکاہنرےہوہںےگ؟‬
How will they be welcoming the guest? ‫وہےسیکامہمونںوکوخشٓادمدیہہکرےہوہںےگ؟‬
‫ےچبولھکونںےسلیھکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
‫اسکناےنپومویشیںوکرچارےہوہںےگ۔‬
‫ایکڑلاکگنتپںیہناڑاراہوہاگ؟‬
‫وہٓاپاکااظتنرویکںرکرےہوہںےگ؟‬
The teacher will be teaching us a new
lesson at 4 O’ clock.
It will not be raining.
Shall we not be preparing to go?
I will be helping my sister tomorrow.
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Lecture-15
Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
Future Perfect ‫اردو اک ااسی رقفہ سج ںیم ارگ زامہن لبقتسم ںیم اکم اک اجری وہان اظرہ وہ اور ہی یھب اظرہ وہ ہک اکم ایھب وپرا متخ ںیہن وہا ےہ وت‬ :‫اچہپن‬
‫اکرقفہوہاگ۔‬Continuous
:‫امہونٹ‬
‫ یھباگلدںیوت‬Will have been ‫اگلںیئےگ۔ارگبسےکاسھت‬Will have been ‫اورابیقبسےکاسھت‬Shall have been ‫ےکاسھت‬I,We ❖
‫یھبوکیئہلئسمںیہنوہاگ۔‬
‫اشم اییسک وصخمصوتق ےک‬،‫دورہپ‬،‫ اک وہانیھب رضوریےہ۔(حبص‬for‫ ای‬Since‫ ںیم وتقاکوہان تہب یہرضوریوہاتےہ۔اس ےیلاس ںیم‬Tense ‫اس‬ ❖
‫ اپچن‬،‫ٓاھٹ ےتفہ‬،‫ اچردن‬،‫ دوےٹنھگ‬،‫ اک اامعتسل رکںی ےگ۔اور وتق یک دقمار ای دمت ےسیج‬Since ‫ےنیہم اوراترخی وریغہ ےک‬، ‫ نس‬،‫ےیلاسیج ہک ڑھکیےک وتق‬
‫اامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔‬For‫استاسلوریغہےکےیل‬،‫ےنیہم‬
Exercise
Positive
Formation:
Subject + will have been/shall have been + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for + time.
Hania will have been doing her work since ‫اہہینحبصےساانپاکمرکریہوہیگ۔‬
morning.
We will have been working since night. ‫مہراتےساطمہعلرکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
You will have been getting ready since ‫ٓاپحبصےسایتروہرےہوہںےگ۔‬
morning.
She will have been preparing tea for the ‫وہاپچنٹنمےساچےئانبریہوہیگ۔‬
five minutes.
They will have been taking exercise for last ‫وہےلھچپنیتوٹنھگںےسورزشرکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
three hours.
Negative
Formation:
Subject + will not have been/shall not have been + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for+ time.
I will not have been kidding for an hour. ‫ںیماکیےٹنھگےسذماقںیہنرکراہوہںاگ۔‬
We will not have been playing football ‫مہحبصےسرکٹفابلںیہنلیھکرےہوہںےگ۔‬
since morning.
You will not have been going to Karachi ‫ٓاپوجنےسرکایچںیہناجرےہوہںےگ۔‬
since June.
PROF.ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361
Interrogative
‫ے‬
Formation:
Will/Shall + subject +have been + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for+ time +?
Will/Shall + subject + not have been + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for+ time +?
Shall we have been writing a new book ‫ایکمہریپےساکییئناتکبھکلرےہوہںےگ؟‬
since Monday?
Shall we have been reading newspaper for ‫ایکمہدوےٹنھگےساابخرڑپھرےہوہںےگ؟‬
two hours?
Will she not have been washing clothes ‫ایکٓاپدورہپےسڑپکےںیہندوھریہوہیگ؟‬
since noon?
Will he not have been going to office for ‫ایکوہاکیامہےسدرتفںیہناجراہوہاگ؟‬
one month?
Formation:
I.P+ Will/Shall + subject + have been + 1ts form of verb-ing + object + since/for+ time +?
How will she have been wearing this dress ‫وہدودنےسےسیکہیوسٹنہپریہوہیگ؟‬
for two days?
Why children have been making a noise
since morning?
‫وہیئکوٹنھگںےساساکااظتنررکریہوہیگ۔‬
‫وپسیلراتےسرہشںیمتشگرکریہوہیگ۔‬
‫متاکیاسلےساسیکدمدںیہنرکرےہوہےگ۔‬
‫وسرجےسیکحبصےسکمچراہوہاگ؟‬
Washermen will not have been washing
clothes for many days.
Will the aeroplane have been flying since
morning?
Shall I not have been suffering from fever
for many days?
People will have been praying for rain for
many days.

English Grammar Notes-1

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‫‪PROF.

ASIF IQBAL: 0316-4985742-0347-7273361‬‬

‫ےہاسےیلاسںیممہ ‪is, are, am‬اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬

‫‪Hasan is a good boy.‬‬ ‫نسحاکیااھچڑلاکےہ۔‬

‫‪Positive:‬‬ ‫‪Subject + is/are/am + Object‬‬

‫‪Negative:‬‬ ‫‪Subject + is/are/am + not+ Object‬‬

‫‪Interrogative:‬‬ ‫?‪Is/are/am + Subject+ Object+‬‬

‫‪Double Interrogative:‬‬ ‫?‪I.P+ Is/are/am + Subject+ Object+‬‬

‫❖ ‪He, She, It‬اییسکوادحانمینعیرھتڈرپنسسنگلرانمےکاسھتمہ ‪Is‬اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬

Is/are/am + Subject + Object+?

Is/are/am + Subject+ not+ Object+?

Is he a good administrator? ‫ایکوہاکیااھچانمظےہ؟‬

I.P+ Is/are/am + Subject+ not+ Object+?

(I.P means: Interrogative Pronoun)

How is Adnan a good sales man? ‫دعاننےسیکاکیااھچلیسنیمےہ؟‬

Pakistan is an independent state.

1. Hania ............. not at home. (is, are, am)

Write any ten sentences:

10. ................................................................. .................................................................

‫اکاامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬was, were ‫اسےیلاسںیممہ‬

We were very sad. ‫مہتہباداسےھت۔‬

Positive: Subject + was/were + Object

Negative: Subject + was/were + not+ Object

Interrogative: was/were + Subject+ Object+?

Double Interrogative: I.P+ was/were + Subject+ Object+?

‫اامعتسلرکںیےگ۔‬was ‫اییسکوادحانمینعیرھتڈرپنسسنگلرانمےکاسھتمہ‬He, She, It ❖

was/were + Subject+ Object+?

was/were + Subject+ not+ Object+?

Was this news true? ‫ایکہیربخیچسیھت؟‬

I.P+ was/were + Subject+ not+ Object+?

(I.P means: Interrogative Pronoun)

Why were you absent yesterday? ‫متلکویکںریغاحرضےھت؟‬

Write any ten sentences:

11. ................................................................. .................................................................

12. ................................................................. .................................................................

13. ................................................................. .................................................................

14. ................................................................. .................................................................

15. ................................................................. .................................................................

16. ................................................................. .................................................................

17. ................................................................. .................................................................

18. ................................................................. .................................................................

19. ................................................................. .................................................................

20. ................................................................. .................................................................

‫‪➢ Subject +has/have + object.‬‬

‫‪I have a car.‬‬ ‫ریمےاپساکیاگڑیےہ۔‬

I have no car. ‫ریمےاپساگڑیںیہنےہ۔‬

I don’t have a car. ‫ریمےاپساکرںیہنےہ۔‬

What have in your pocket?

1. I.................no spare time to hear your nonsense talk. (has, have)

Write any ten sentences:

10. ................................................................. .................................................................

‫‪I go to bazar.‬‬ ‫ںیمابزاراجاتوہں۔‬

‫‪I do not go to bazar.‬‬ ‫ںیمابزارںیہناجاتوہں۔‬

‫?‪Do/Does+ subject+ not+1ts form of verb+ object+‬‬

‫?‪Do the jackals howl in the evening‬‬ ‫ایکڈیگراشموکےتخیچںیہ؟‬

‫?‪I.P+ do/does+ subject+ 1ts form of verb+ object+‬‬

‫?‪When do you read newspaper‬‬ ‫متبکاابخرڑپےتھوہ؟‬

Does she sing a song?

1. She usually .............at the back of the class. (sit, sits,)

Write any ten sentences:

10. ................................................................. .................................................................

‫‪I have written a new book.‬‬ ‫ںیمےناکییئناتکبھکلیلےہ۔‬

‫‪You have not washed clothes.‬‬ ‫ںیمےنڑپکےںیہندوھےئںیہ۔‬

Has/Have + subject+ not + 3rd form of verb + object