ICCT Colleges Foundation, Inc.

College of Engineering and Digital Technology

[COERES]
[Methods of Research]
 ICCT Colleges Foundation, Inc.
[College of Engineering and Digital Technology]
[Methods of Research]

THESIS PROPOSAL

Title of Research

PROMOTING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: GRASS CUTTER DRONE FOR CLEAN

AND GREEN LANDSCAPES

Proposer's Name:

Bajolo, Mark Francis R.

Dela Cruz, Farah Dae B.

Godines, Christian Michael E.

Paclibar, Luke J.

Quijano, Reynel B.

Sayde, Jonathan I.

Villagracia, Angelo Gabriel F.

Date

February 12, 2024

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Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION………………………………

II. LITERATURE SURVEY……………………….

III. RESEARCH GOAL…………………………….

IV. METHODOLOGY………………………………

V. EVALUATION OF RESULTS…………………

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I. Introduction

Environmental care refers to the actions and practices taken to protect and preserve

the natural environment. It involves being mindful of our impact on the Earth and taking

steps to minimize negative effects. To maintain a clean and green environment, it is

important to regularly trim the grass, which contributes to a peaceful and visually

appealing scenery. Environmental care includes activities such as conserving

resources, reducing waste, recycling, using renewable energy sources, protecting

ecosystems, and promoting sustainable practices. Regularly trimming the grass helps

farmers avoid reptiles that may inhabit the weeds, thereby reducing the risk of insect

bites or snake bites.

This research aims to explore the use of grass cutter drones as a sustainable

solution for maintaining clean and green landscapes. With the increasing need for

efficient and eco-friendly lawn maintenance practices, grass cutter drones have

emerged as a promising technology. This research investigates the potential benefits,

challenges, and implications of utilizing grass cutter drones in various outdoor settings.

The study examines their effectiveness in cutting grass, reducing emissions, and

minimizing noise pollution compared to traditional lawn mowers. Additionally, it explores

the impact of grass cutter drones on biodiversity, water conservation, and overall

environmental sustainability. The research includes case studies, field experiments, and

surveys to gather insights from users and experts in the field. The findings of this

research will contribute to the understanding of the feasibility and practicality of

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implementing grass cutter drones for maintaining clean and green landscapes in a

sustainable manner.

II. Literature Survey

Prof. C. J. Shende: In this paper they have prepared manually handle device which is

capable to cut the grass. This device consists of linear blades and it does not affected

by climatic conditions. The main objective of this paper is to move the grass cutter is

different directions to prepare various designs as per requirements. By using link

mechanism the height of the cut can be adjusted. The unskilled labour can easily

operate this device.[1] C. B. Mills: Today, new technology is bringing us improved

mower versions. Low emission gasoline engines with catalytic converters are being

manufactured to help reduce air pollution. Improved muffling devices are also being

installed to reduce the noise pollution. Battery powered mowers are also becoming

practical. Although slightly smaller with an average cutting swath of only 17-19", these

new mowers will quietly cutting lawns without the common cloud of blue smoke hanging

in the air, for about an hour per charge. Prices are comparable to a high-end gasoline

powered mower.[2] Davidge E D: "I’m planning on moving my entire fleet to propane.

Not only is it better for the environment, it also increases my productivity. I’m saving

money on fuel, and labor costs as well, since my crew isn’t spending time filling up at

the pump. Propane has no additives and is a clean burning system. I save on

maintenance since there is no carburetor or fuel filter to maintain.[3] Edwin Beard

Budding: Budding obtained the idea of the lawn mower after seeing a machine in a local

cloth mill which used a cutting cylinder mounted on a bench to trim cloth to make a

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smooth finish after weaving. Budding realized that a similar concept would enable the

cutting of grass if the mechanism could be mounted in a wheeled frame to make the

blades rotate close to the lawn's surface.[4] Ms. Lanka Priyanka: In this paper they have

fabricated grass cutting machine with tempered blades are attached to this grass cutter.

This grass cutter is manually operated as well as automatic operated. The materials

commonly used GI sheet, motor, wheel, Al sheet, switch, wire, square pipe and

insulating material.[6] P.Bulski: Bulski identify the sound created by the machine is

making noice pollution. He research on sound created by the machine and giving the

result how to remove the sound while cutting the grass of lawn or ground. As looking to

the petrol engine it make air pollution to environment so from my recommendation it

should be implement on electric operated lawn mower.[9] Praful P. Ulhe: In this paper

they have prepared manually operated grass cutter with spiral roller blades due to spiral

blades increases the efficiency of cutting. For adjusting the height reel cutter is

component placed on grass cutter. This grass cutter used to cut the grass uniformly and

also it can cut the different types grasses.[10] Randsome: The first was produced by

Ransomes in 1902. JP Engineering of Leicester, founded after World War I, produced a

range of very popular chain-driven mowers. About this time, an operator could ride

behind animals that pulled the large machines. These were the first riding mowers. In

the United States, gasoline-powered lawn mowers were first manufactured in 1914 by

Ideal Power mower.[11] Thomas Green & Son: He introduced a mower called the Silens

Messor (meaning silent cutter), which used a chain drive to transmit power from the rear

roller to the cutting cylinder. These machines were lighter and quieter than the gear-

driven machines that preceded them, although they were slightly more expensive.The

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rise in popularity of lawn sports helped prompt the spread of the invention. Lawn

mowers became a more efficient alternative to the scythe and domesticated grazing

animals.1

The subjects with the age between 20-70 years were selected through the

subcontractor of leading highway maintenance company and district council in south

region of peninsular Malaysia. The observation, measurement and interview (in 2013),

204 hand held grass cutter workers participated in an examination between August

2013 to December 2013. Workers involved in the study were voluntary for occupational

safety and health research under each contractor responsibility. The HAVS

questionnaires developed based on the adoption approach questions in vibration injury

network association. Part of the question was asked about workers ages and working

experience in grass cutter activity. The information obtain is important to investigate the

disability at hand due to grass cutting operation based on working duration. During

physical observation, author looked for colour changes in the fingers phalanges and any

skin abnormalities at hand palm before workers started their work.

A dynamometer was used to determine the worker hand grip strength force before and

after operating the hand held grass cutter machine. Grip strength was measured in

kilogram (kg) units. Workers were instructed to grasp the handle of dynamometer for 5

seconds and perform the total action for 3 times before and after worker. The data were

record manually in the HAVS questionnaires. The mean and total value of grip force for

both hands was obtained and used for comparison between workers age. This

assessment was based on Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. The numerical
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scoring of vascular and sensori-neural assessment was performed by observation

through colour changes at fingers phalanges. Each fingers phalange has its own

numerical value and total summation of the numerical value for each hand is 33. The

distal phalanges numerical are 1, middle phalanges are 2 and proximal phalanges are

3. The total numerical scoring for each hand will represent the severity stage of vascular

and sensorineural diseases. The severity stage is in the form of a numerical number

with its greater and smaller stage 3 and 0, respectively for both hands. This assessment

was based on the Stockholm Workshop scale for the classification of HAVS according

to grading system. SPSS v19.0 software were used to calculate the frequencies and

means for the hand grip strength as well as hand numerical scoring values associated

with different variables. 2

Drones of various shapes, sizes, and functionalities have emerged over the past few

decades, and their civilian applications are becoming increasingly appealing. Flexible,

low-cost, and high-resolution remote sensing systems that use drones as platforms are

important for filling data gaps and supplementing the capabilities of crewed/manned

aircraft and satellite remote sensing systems. Here, we refer to this growing remote

sensing initiative as drone remote sensing and explain its unique advantages in forestry

research and practices. Furthermore, we summarize the various approaches of drone

remote sensing to surveying forests, mapping canopy gaps, measuring forest canopy

height, tracking forest wildfires, and supporting intensive forest management. The

benefits of drone remote sensing include low material and operational costs, flexible

control of spatial and temporal resolution, high-intensity data collection, and the

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absence of risk to crews. The current forestry applications of drone remote sensing are

still at an experimental stage, but they are expected to expand rapidly. To better guide

the development of drone remote sensing for sustainable forestry, it is important to

systematically and continuously conduct comparative studies to determine the

appropriate drone remote sensing technologies for various forest conditions and/or

forestry applications.3

III. Research Goal

The research project focuses on using grass cutter drones to promote environmental

sustainability in clean and green landscapes. It involves conducting experiments and

development projects to assess the feasibility and benefits of this technology. The goal

is to explore how grass cutter drones can reduce environmental impact, improve

efficiency, and enhance overall sustainability in lawn maintenance. In this research

project, an experiment refers to a systematic and controlled investigation to gather data

and test hypotheses about the use of grass cutter drones. It involves setting up specific

conditions, collecting data on variables like carbon emissions, noise levels, cutting

precision, and user experience, and analyzing the results to determine the effectiveness

and environmental benefits of using grass cutter drones. The development project

focuses on advancing the technology and capabilities of grass cutter drones for clean

and green landscapes. It involves designing and refining the drones to optimize their

performance in terms of cutting precision, battery life, maneuverability, and safety

features. The aim is to create more efficient and user-friendly grass cutter drones

specifically tailored for environmental sustainability in lawn maintenance. In addition to

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experiments and development projects, promoting environmental sustainability through

grass cutter drones is expected to have other outcomes. These include developing

guidelines and best practices for the responsible and effective use of grass cutter

drones in maintaining clean and green landscapes. The guidelines may include

recommendations for optimal cutting heights, timing of operations, and maintenance

protocols. The research project also aims to raise awareness among homeowners,

landscape professionals, and maintenance crews about the benefits and potential of

grass cutter drones. By disseminating information and promoting the advantages of this

technology, the project aims to encourage the adoption of grass cutter drones for

sustainable lawn maintenance practices. The research project may also provide policy

recommendations to relevant authorities and organizations regarding the integration of

grass cutter drones into environmental sustainability initiatives. This could include

suggestions for incentives, regulations, or guidelines to support the use of this

technology in promoting clean and green landscapes. Additionally, the project aims to

contribute to environmental education by highlighting the importance of sustainable

lawn maintenance practices and the role of grass cutter drones in reducing

environmental impact. This could involve educational campaigns, workshops, or

outreach programs to inform and engage the public in environmentally friendly lawn

care practices. Overall, the research project on promoting environmental sustainability

through grass cutter drones aims to generate valuable insights, technological

advancements, and practical recommendations to support the widespread adoption of

this technology for clean and green landscapes.

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IV. Methodology

The goal of promoting environmental sustainability through the use of a grass cutter

drone to clean and green landscapes can be achieved through several steps. Firstly,

the hypothesis that the grass cutter drone is an effective and efficient tool for

maintaining landscapes can be tested by conducting experiments. These experiments

can involve comparing the performance of the grass cutter drone with traditional

methods of grass cutting, such as manual labor or the use of lawnmowers. The

experiments can be conducted by selecting different landscapes with varying degrees of

grass growth and using the grass cutter drone to cut the grass in one area while using

traditional methods in another area. The performance of the grass cutter drone can be

evaluated based on criteria such as time taken, precision of cutting, and overall

effectiveness in maintaining the landscape. By conducting these experiments and

collecting data on the performance of the grass cutter drone, it can be determined

whether the hypothesis holds true and whether the drone is a viable solution for

promoting environmental sustainability by cleaning and greening landscapes.

V. Evaluation of Results

Conservation of biodiversity: By using grass cutter drones, the natural habitats of

various plant and animal species can be preserved, contributing to the conservation of

biodiversity.

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Time-saving: Grass cutter drones cover larger areas in less time compared to

manual labor or traditional equipment. This allows for more efficient resource utilization

and frees up time for other essential tasks.

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