RESTRAINED RETAINING WALL DESIGN

GEOMETRY
Conc. Stem Height ........... APPLIED LOADS
Stem Thickness Top ........ 14.40 m Uniform Surcharge ........... 5500 Kg/m²
Stem Thickness Bot ......... 90.0 cm Strip Pressure .................. Kg/m²
140 cm Strip 0.6 m deep, 1.2 m wide @ 10.0 m from Stem
Footing Thickness ............ 120.0 cm Stem Vertical (Dead) ........ 0.0 Tn/m
Toe Length ....................... 7.00 m Stem Vertical (Live) .......... 0.0 Tn/m
Heel Length ...................... 0.80 m Vertical Load Eccentricity 15.2 cm
Soil Cover @ Toe ............. 1.80 m Wind Load on Stem .......... 0.0 Kg/m²
Backfill Height .................. 14.40 m OK
Backfill Slope Angle ......... 0.0 deg BACKFILL PROPERTIES
Backfill Density .................. 2000 Kg/m³
SEISMIC EARTH FORCES Earth Pressure Theory ...... Equiv. Fluid
Hor. Seismic Coeff. kh ....... 0.00 Equiv. Fluid Density .......... 500 Kg/m³
Ver. Seismic Coeff kv ........ 0.00 lateral Pressure Coeff. Ksilo 0.25
Seismic Force Pae-Pa ....... 0.0 Tn/m Active Pressure @ Wall .... 500.0 Kg/m²/m
Active Force @ Wall Pa .... 60.8 Tn/m
Water Table Height ........... 0.00 m
SOIL BEARING PRESSURES
Allow. Bearing Pressure .. 86.7 Tn/m2OK SHEAR KEY DESIGN
Max. Pressure @ Toe ...... 11.1 Tn/m2 Shear Key Depth ................ 100.0 cm
Min. Pressure @ Heel ...... 14.8 Tn/m2 Shear Key Thickness ......... 70.0 cm
Total Footing Length ........ 8.70 m Max. Shear Force @ Key .. 16.0 Tn/m
Footing Length / 6 ............ 1.45 m Shear Capacity Ratio ......... 0.32 OK
Resultant Eccentricity e ... -0.20 m Use vertical bars D20 @ 10 cm Hooked at end
Resultant is Within the Middle Third Moment Capacity Ratio ...... 0.19 OK

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 RESTRAINED RETAINING WALL DESIGN

OVERTURNING CALCULATIONS (Comb. D+H+0.7E)

OVERTURNING RESISTING
Force Arm Moment
Tn/m m ForceTn-m/m Arm Moment
Tn/m m Tn-m/m
Backfill Pa ............. 60.8 5.20 316.4 Stem Top .............. 32.4 7.45 241.4
Water Table .......... 0.0 0.00 0.0 Stem Taper ........... 0.0 7.90 0.0
Surcharge Hor ...... 21.4 7.80 166.8 CMU Stem at Top 0.0 0.00 0.0
Strip Load Hor ...... 0.0 0.00 0.0 Footing Weight ..... 26.1 4.35 113.5
Wind Load ............ 0.0 15.60 0.0 Shear Key ............. 1.8 7.35 12.9
Seismic Pae-Pa ... 0.0 9.36 0.0 Soil Cover @ Toe . 25.2 3.50 88.2
Seismic Water ...... 0.0 0.00 0.0 Stem Wedge ......... 0.0 7.90 0.0
Seismic Selfweight 0.0 0.00 0.0 Backfill Weight ...... 23.0 8.30 191.2
Top Reaction ...... -20.2 0.00 -168.3 Backfill Slope ........ 0.0 8.43 0.0
Rh = 62.0 OTM = 0.0 Water Weight ........ 0.0 8.30 0.0
Seismic Pae-Pa .... 0.0 8.70 0.0
647.2
Arm of Vertical Resultant = = 5.97 m Pa Vert @ Heel ..... 0.0 8.70 0.0
108.5
Vertical Load ......... 0.0 7.75 0.0
Surcharge Ver ....... 0.0 8.30 0.0
Strip Load Ver ....... 0.0 8.30 0.0
STEM DESIGN (Comb. 0.9D+1.6H+E) Water Buoyancy .... 0.0 4.35 0.0
Height d Mu ϕMn Ratio Rv = 108.5 RM = 647.2
m cm Tn-m/m Tn-m/m
14.40 83.9 0.0 0.0 0.00 SLIDING CALCS (Comb. D+H+W)
12.96 83.9 -38.3 -99.2 0.39 Footing-Soil Friction Coeff. .. 0.45
11.52 83.9 -69.6 -99.2 0.70 Friction Force at Base .......... 48.8 Tn/m
10.08 83.9 -91.6 -99.2 0.92 Passive Pressure Coeff. Kp . 3.69
8.64 83.9 -101.9 -99.2 1.03 Depth to Neglect Passive ..... 0.00 m
7.20 83.9 -98.1 -99.2 0.99 Passive Pressure @ Wall .... 29521.4 Kg/m²
5.76 83.9 -77.8 -99.2 0.78 Passive Force @ Wall Pp .... 59.0 Tn/m
4.32 83.9 -38.6 -99.2 0.39 Horiz. Resisting Force .......... 107.9 Tn/m
2.88 83.3 21.8 136.1 0.16 Horiz. Sliding Force .............. 82.2 Tn/m
1.44 83.3 106.0 242.6 0.44 107.9
Sliding Safety Factor = = 1.74 > 1.5 OK
82.2
0.00 83.3 216.1 242.6 0.89 OK
Shear Force @ Crit. Height .. -79.5 Tn/m NG Use 120 cm thick up to
Resisting Shear ϕVc ............. 66.9 Tn/m 3.0 above top of base
Use vertical bars D20 @ 10 cm at front side
Use vert bars D32 @ 10 cm x 3.50 m at backfill side
Vert. Bars Embed. Ldh Reqd .. 31.7 cm OK
Vert. Bars Splice Length Ld .... 34.5 cm
Minimum Steel Area Ratio ...... 0.39 OK

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 RESTRAINED RETAINING WALL DESIGN

TOE DESIGN (Comb. 0.9D+1.6H+E)

HEEL DESIGN (Comb. 1.2D+1.6(L+H)) Force Arm Moment
Force Arm Moment Tn/m m Tn-m/m
Tn/m m Tn-m/m Upward Presssure
Upward Pressure . -10.6 0.40 4.3 water Buoyancy 90.6 4.14
... 375.3
Concrete Weight .. 2.9 0.40 1.2 Concrete Weight 0.0 3.50.. 0.0
Backfill Weight ..... 27.6 0.40 11.1 -18.90 ............
Soil Cover 3.5 -66.2
Backfill Slope ....... 0.0 0.53 0.0 -22.68 3.5
Mu = -79.4
Water Weight ....... 0.0 0.40 0.0 49.1
Shear Force @ Crit. Sect. .. 229.8
Surcharge Ver. .... 6.5 0.40 2.6 Resisting Shear ϕVc ........... 41.3 Tn/m OK
Strip Load Ver. .... 0.0 0.40 0.0 Use bott. bars D32 @ 10 cm , Transv.
89.0 D14 Tn/m@ 20 cm
26.4 Mu = 10.5 Resisting Moment ϕMn ......
Shear Force @ Crit. Sect. .. 26.4 Tn/m OK Develop. Length Ratio at End328.2 ...... Tn-m/m OK
Resisting Shear ϕVc ........... 91.4 Tn/m Develop. Length Ratio at Stem .... 0.04 OK
Use top bars D20 @ 10 cm , Transv. D14 @ 20 cm Minimum Steel Area Ratio ................ 0.16 OK
Resisting Moment ϕMn ...... 135.6 Tn-m/m OK 0.52 OK
Develop. Length Ratio at End .... 0.21 OK
Develop. Length Ratio at Toe .... 0.02 OK
Minimum Steel Area Ratio .......... 0.69 OK

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 DESIGN CODES LOAD COMBINATIONS (ASCE 7)
General Analysis .............. IBC-12 STABILITY STRENGTH
Concrete Design .............. ACI 318-11 1 D+H+W 1 1.4D
Masonry Design ............... MSJC-11 2 D+L+H+W 2 1.2D+1.6(L+H)
Load Combinations .......... ASCE 7-05 3 D+H+0.7E 3 1.2D+0.8W
4 D+L+H+0.7E 4 1.2D+L+1.6W
MATERIALS 5 1.2D+L+E
Stem Footing 6 0.9D+1.6H+1.6W
Concrete f'c .... 407.8 407.8 Kg/cm² 7 0.9D+1.6H+E
Rebars fy ........ 4282.3 4282.3 Kg/cm²
Masonry f'm .... 105.0 Kg/cm²

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