Population Explosion-

ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ+,-

Effects and Control Measures-

வ"ைள%க' ம*+, க-./பா-.
நடவ45ைகக'
ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ+,-- வ.ைள0க$
Population Explosion- Consequences
1. Economic Impacts
2. Social Impacts
3. Political Impacts
Economic Impacts of Population Explosion
1. Investment Requirement
2. Capital Formation
3. Low per capita availability of capital
4. Food Insecurity
5. Problem of Unemployment
6. Low Standard of Living
7. Burden of Unproductive Consumers
8. Challenges of Urbanisation
9. More Pressure on Land
10.Impact on Maternity Welfare
ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ+,ப./
ெபா0ளாதார வ.ைள3க$
1. !த#$% ேதைவ
2. *லதன உ.வா0க2
3. 3ைற5த தன6நப9 *லதன2 கிைட<ப=
4. உண?< பா=கா<ப@Aைம
5. ேவைலய@Aைம ப@ரEசைன
6. 3ைற5த வாG0ைகH தர2
7. பயனIற Jக9ேவாKA Lைம
8. நகரமயமா0கலிA சவாMகN
9. நிலHதிA மO = அதிக அQHத2
10.மக<ேபR நலன6M தா0க2
Social Impacts of Population Explosion

1. Social Inequality
2. Status of women
3. Poverty
4. malnutrition, starvation and unhealthy living conditions
ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ+,ப./ ச5க
வ.ைள3க$
1. ச"க சம&'வமி*ைம
2. ெப.கள0* நிைல
3. வ3ைம
4. ஊ5ட7ச&' 8ைறபா;, ப5=ன0 ம?3@
ஆேராDகியம?ற வாFDைக நிைலைமகG
Political Impacts of Population Explosion
1. Social disturbance
2. Leftwing extremism
3. Political pressure
4. Urbanisation
5. Overcrowding
ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ+,ப./
அரசிய9 வ.ைள3க$
1. ச"க சீI8ைலJ
2. இட'சாL தNவOரவாத@
3. அரசியQ அR&த@
4. நகரமயமாDகQ
5. அளJD8 அதிகமான S5ட@
India and Population Control:
• First Five Year Plan: India is the first country in the world to begin a
population control Programme in 1952.
• It emphasized the use of natural devices for family planning.
• !த# ஐ&தா()* தி,ட.: 1952 ஆ. ஆ() ம6க8ெதாைக6 க,);பா,)*
தி,ட*ைத* ெதாட=கிய உலகிA !த# நா) இ&தியா.
• E).ப6 க,);பா,)6E இயFைகயான சாதன=கைள; பயAப)*Jவைத அJ
வலிMN*தியJ.
India and Population Control:
• Second Five Year Plan: Work was done in the direction of education
and research and the clinical approach was encouraged.
• இர#டாவ' ஐ*தா#, தி.ட/: க2வ3 ம56/ ஆரா89சிய3< திைசய32
ேவைல ெச8யAப.ட' ம56/ மCD'வ அFGHைற
ஊKGவ3KகAப.ட'.

• Third Five Year Plan: In 1965, the sterilization technique for both men
and women was adopted under this plan. An independent
department called the Family Planning Department was set up.
• M<றாவ' ஐ*தா#,D தி.ட/: 1965 ஆ/ ஆ#R2, ஆ#கTKG/
ெப#கTKG/ கCDதைட U.ப/ இ*தD தி.டDதி< கீ W
ஏ56KெகாYளAப.ட'. G,/பKக.,Aபா.,D 'ைற எ<ற தன]D 'ைற
அைமKகAப.ட'.
India and Population Control:
• Fourth Five-Year Plan: All kinds of birth control methods (conventional
and modern) were encouraged.
• நாAகாவJ ஐ&தா() தி,ட.: அைன*J வைகயான பOற;Q க,);பா)
!ைறகR. (வழ6கமான மFN. நவன)U ஊ6EவO6க;ப,டன.

• Fifth Five Year Plan: Under this plan the National Population Policy
was announced on 16 April, 1976.
• ஐ&தாவJ ஐ&தா()* தி,ட.: இ&த* தி,ட*திA கீ Y ேதசிய ம6க8 ெதாைக6
ெகா8ைக ஏ;ர# 16, 1976 அAN அறிவO6க;ப,டJ.
National Population Policy 1976:
• the minimum age for marriage determined by the Sharda Act, 1929
was increased.
• It increased the age for boys from 18 to 21 years and for girls from 14
to 18 years.
• The number of MPs and MLAs was fixed till the year 2001 on the
basis of the census 1971.
• Under this Plan, forced sterilization was permitted which was later on
given up.
ேதசிய ம0கN ெதாைக0 ெகாNைக 1976:

• 1929 சாரதா ச$ட2 *ல2 நி9ணய@0க<ப$ட

தி.மணHதிIகான 3ைற5தப$ச வய=
அதிகK0க<ப$ட=.
• இ= ஆ]கள6A வயைத 18லி.5= 21 ஆக?2,
ெப]கள6A வய= 14லி.5= 18 ஆக?2
அதிகKH=Nள=.
• 1971ஆ2 ஆ]% ம0கNெதாைக0 கண0ெக%<ப@A
அb<பைடய@M 2001ஆ2 ஆ]% வைர எ2ப@,
எ2எMஏ0கள6A எ]ண@0ைக நி9ணய@0க<ப$ட=.
• இ5த தி$டHதிA கீ G, க$டாய க.Hதைட
அgமதி0க<ப$ட=, அ= ப@Aன9 ைகவ@ட<ப$ட=.
India and Population Control:
• In the Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Plans, efforts were done to control population by determining long term
demographic aims.
• ஆறாவ8, ஏழாவ8 ம*+, எ-டாவ8 தி-ட?கள@A, நBCட கால ம5க'ெதாைக ேநா5க?கைள
தBGமான@/பதI Jல, ம5க'ெதாைகைய5 க-./ப.Lத Mய*சிக' ேம*ெகா'ள/ப-டன
• Ninth Five-Year Plan: In 1993, இ&த6 E` 1994ஆ. ஆ() Qதிய ம6க8ெதாைக6
ெகா8ைகயOA வைரைவ* தயாb*திc&தாd., 1999ஆ. ஆ() E).ப நல*
Jைறயா# மதி;பாef ெசeய;ப,) 2000ஆ. ஆ() நாடாRமAற*தி#
நிைறேவFற;ப,டJ.the government had established an expert group under the chairmanship of
M.S. Swaminathan for formulating national population policy.
• ஒ"பதாவ' ஐ*தா+,- தி/ட1: 1993 இ7, எ1.எ;. தைலைமய@7 ஒA நிCணE
FGைவ அரசாKக1 நிMவ@ய'. Nவாமிநாத" ேதசிய மPகQ ெதாைகP ெகாQைகைய
உAவாPகினாE.
• Though this group had prepared the draft of the new population policy in 1994, it was reviewed in 1999 by
the Family Welfare Department and was passed by the Parliament in 2000.
• இ&த6 E` 1994ஆ. ஆ() Qதிய ம6க8ெதாைக6 ெகா8ைகயOA வைரைவ*
தயாb*திc&தாd., 1999ஆ. ஆ() E).ப நல* Jைறயா# மதி;பாef
ெசeய;ப,) 2000ஆ. ஆ() நாடாRமAற*தி# நிைறேவFற;ப,டJ.
National Population Policy 2000:
• Major Objectives had been set in the National Population Policy till
the year 2010:
i. The 'total fertility rate' to be reduced to 2.1.
ii. The high class birth control services had to be made available
publically so that the standard of two children could be adopted.
iii. The infant mortality rate has to be reduced to 30 per thousand.
iv. The mother mortality rate has also to be reduced to below 100 per
one lakh.
v. The late marriage of girls has to be encouraged.
National Population Policy 2000:
vi. To promote AYUSH.
Vii. Institutional delivery -80%
Viii. 100% registration of Birth,Dealth,Marriages
IX. Increasing Marriage age of women to 20
X. Small family norms.
National Population Policy-2000
Methods to Control Population:
Methods to Control Population:
National Population Commission:
ேதசிய ம0கN ெதாைக ஆைணய2:

• Made under National Population Policy-2000

• on 11 May 2000
• A high level 100-membered National Population Commission has
been set up under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister
• Deputy chairman-NITI Aayog
• CM of all states
• Ministry of Health , Civil society
• to supervise and analyse the implementation of this new population
policy.
National Population Commission:
ேதசிய ம0கN ெதாைக ஆைணய2:

• To promote synergy between health , education and development to

stabilize population.
• Promote sectoral coordination in planning and implementation.
National Population Register
Measures to control population Explosion
ம"க$ெதாைக ெவ*+ைய க-.+ப.012 வ3க$:

1. த"ப$க&' பா)கா*+ ,த" (Couple Protection Rate-CPR)

2. -ழ/ைதக1 இற*+ ,த" (Infant Mortality Rate – IMR)
3. நா5 ெதா78மயமாத8
4. ெப;க&' எ=>த?@ ,த" மAB" க8Cைய அ$கE>த8
5. கால" தாG>$ $Hமண" ெசKத8
6. சLடN$யான நடவQRைக
7. -5"ப நல $LடSக1 (Family Planning)
Suggestion to control population:
● Contraceptives/New Contraceptives
● கT&தைடகG/Vதிய கT&தைடகG
● Carrot and Stick policy
● ந*ைமகG ம?3@ த.டைன ெகாGைக
● Women Empowerment
● ெப.கG அதிகாரமள0&தQ
● Priority in Employment
● ேவைலவாWXபOQ Y*ZLைம
● Encouraging Adoption
● த&ெத;Xைப ஊD8வO&தQ
● Increments/Benefits to people
● மDக[D8 உயIJ/பய*கG
Prerna Scheme -Prerna தி2ட4
● In order to help push up the age of marriage of girls and space the birth of
children in the interest of health of young mothers and infants,
● Jansankhya Sthirata Kosh (National Population Stabilization Fund) - an
autonomous body under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of
India has launched PRERNA,
● a Responsible Parenthood Strategy in all districts of seven focus states
namely Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,
Odisha, and Rajasthan.
● The strategy recognizes and awards couples who have broken the
stereotype of early marriage, early childbirth and repeated child birth and
have helped change the mindsets of the community.
● Conditional payment
China’s Population control Policy
● The one-child policy was a program in China that limited most Chinese families to one child each.

● It was implemented nationwide by the Chinese government in 1980, and it ended in 2016.
● The policy was enacted to address the growth rate of the country's population, which the government viewed as being too rapid.
சீனாவ&' ம*க,ெதாைக க012பா01* ெகா,ைக

● ெபT@பாலான சீன 8;@ப]கைள தலா ஒT

8ழ`ைதயாக ம5;ேம வைரய3Dகிற'.
● இ' 1980 இQ சீன அரசா]க&தாQ நா; YRவ'@
ெசயQப;&தXப5ட', அ' 2016 இQ Y=வைட`த'.
● நா5=* மDகGெதாைக வளI7சி வOகித&தி?8 தNIJ
காh@ வைகயOQ இ`த ெகாGைக இய?றXப5ட',
Questions:
● Discuss the main objectives of Population Education and point out the measures to achieve them in India in detail.

● ம"க$ெதாைக" க)*+, -".ய ேநா"க2கைள4 ப67 *வா9:;, அவ6ைற இ?9யா*)

அைடவத6கான நடவB"ைககைள *Cவாக" D74EடFG.

● ‘’Empowering women is the key to control the population growth.’’ Discuss

● ‘‘ெபHகI"D அ9காரG அK4ப;தா, ம"க$ெதாைக ெபL"க:ைத" கMN4பN:;G 9றFேகா).’’
*வா9"கFG

● Critically examine whether growing population is the cause of poverty or poverty is the main cause of population increase in India
● இ?9யா*) ெபL.வLG ம"க$ ெதாைக வOைம"D" காரணமா அ)ல; இ?9யா*)
ம"க$ெதாைக4 ெபL"க:96D ஏSைமதா, -".ய" காரணமா எ,பைத ஆS?; ஆராV2க$.

● Population Explosion - How can we tackle this problem?

● ம5க'ெதாைக ெவ4/O - இRத சி5கைல நா, எSவா+ சமாள@/ப8?