Pakistan Motorways

Islamabad to Lahore
339 km Islamabad to
Peshawar
M-1(155km) Pindi Bhattian –
Faisalabad
M3(52km)
Karachi to
Hyderabad
M-9(135km)
 Why do we have Motorways?

● Quicker and more efficient road transport

● Establishment of Industrial Estates on its route

● Promote Industrial growth

● More employment opportunities due to Industrial

expansion

● Increase foreign trade by connecting to Afghanistan

and Central Asian Republics

● New settlements
Here’s an assortment of alternative resources whose style fits the one of this template:

Vectors
● Outer space
Road Transport vs Rail Transport

For More Details See Book;

Page # 209 (old)
Page # 217 (new)
 Importance of Air Transport
● It is quick and cheap Over long distances
● It can serve other continents which is impossible by road and rail
● It is suitable for high value and light weight goods like computers both for
import and export etc
● it can serve areas which are cut off to rail and road networks like Skardu
● It is mostly used by tourists coming to Pakistan and is also important for
dispersing vital food and medical supplies during for example earthquakes etc
Lets watch a short
video to get the
overview of:

Air Transport”
 ● In 1947 Orient Airways
operated in Pakistan

● By 1949 3 small air companies:

Pakistan Airways, Orient Airways
and Crescent Airways.

● After 1955 one of theses closed

and Orient Airways merged with
Pakistan Airways to form PIA
Private Airlines
● Aero Asia Airlines

Bhoja Airlines
Shaheen Airlines
PIA’s Domestic Routes
Gilgit
Skardu
Chitral Inaccessible areas
Zhob
Khuzdar
Pasni
Panjgur
Turbat
Jiwani
PIA’s International Routes
Book Page # 211 Fig 11.20
USA

New York Middle East Countries

Chicago UAE
Washington D.C (Sharjah, Abu Dahabi and Dubai)
European Countries
Bahrain
UK Oman
Eastern and Countries
Germany Far Eastern
France
Italy India
Russia Malaysia
Phillipines
Bangladesh
. Singapore
Sri Lanka
Thailand
China(Hong Kong)
Pakistan Airways
Map

Book Page # 218

Fig 11.16
Factors contributing to the
Development of Air
. Transport
Internal Factors

 Faster than rail and road

 Accessible to Northern areas like Gilgit and Skardu

 Rise in general living standard due to industrialization and

urbanization
External Factors
 Increasing air cargo of perishable items to Middle East

 Improvement in communication due to world being global village

 Improvement in air transport facilities

Water Transport
 Introduction
● Important for handling high bulk goods .

● Inland water ways are not developed.

● Major sea ports: (Keamari & Qasim Port)

● Fish Harbour-cum mini port is developed

at Gwadar.
Keamari Seaport Karachi
● West of indus delta Arabian
Sea.

● Deep-water natural seaport.

● Natural harbor shelter.

● It has a number of Wharves.

 Program to modernize Keamari Port
● Liquid product terminal with ancillaries.

● Construction of flyover bridges.

● Rehabilitation of berths.

● Provision of navigational aids.

● Environmental protection

● Improvement and expansion of storage facilities.

● Container terminals.
 Port Qasim
● 20-km.South-East of Karachi at Gharo
Creek build in 1980.

● It has modern machinery to relieve the

pressure at the Karachi port.

● It is integrated port.

● Major categories of cargo include:

iron ore, grain and rice

●
 Pakistan National Shipping Corporation(PNSC)
Established in 1979.

Objectives:

● To serve as operating link b/w major trading partners

● To maintain stabilizing influence on freight rates.

● To save foreign exchange.

● To provide strategic links in case of emergencies.

 Gwadar Port

 Located on Makran coast in

Baluchistan.

 2001 government signed an

agreement with China.

 Area of port will be 2500 acre.

Reasons of Development
●Demand of the province.

●Help in fruit export.

●Could be work as substitute port.

●Can generate revenue for Afghanistan. And Pakistan.

●Central Asian Republics can also open warehouses.

●Help in development of ancillary industries.

Financial Resources And Technology
● 1st phase
● cost 248 million dollars
● 80% contributed by China.
● (includes 3 multi purpose berths and an approach channel)

● 2nd phase
● begin in 2005
● Building of ports and bridges.
● Experts from China.
Prospects

● A step towards the transformation of Baluchistan.

● Economic prospects will bloom.

● EPZ and IE add benefits to national economy.

● Become an international port traffic

Pattern Discussion

 What to focus on map study while

writing answers.

 Difference between “To what extent”

questions and Q-BOX questions.
Lesson: 5+6
PBL

“Telecommunication”