VIVA VOICE QUESTIONS

Newton-Raphson Method:
1. How does the Newton-Raphson method differ from other root-finding methods, such as the
bisection method?
2. What is the geometric interpretation of the Newton-Raphson method, and how does it aid in
convergence?
3. Can the Newton-Raphson method be applied to find complex roots of a function? If so, how?
4. Explain the role of the derivative in the Newton-Raphson method and why it's necessary for
convergence.
5. What are the key limitations or scenarios where the Newton-Raphson method may not be
suitable for finding roots?

Bisection Method:
1. Describe the fundamental principle behind the bisection method for root-finding.
2. How does the bisection method guarantee convergence to a root within a specified interval?
3. Can the bisection method handle functions with multiple roots within the same interval?
Explain.
4. What factors influence the choice of an appropriate initial interval in the bisection method?
5. Discuss the trade-offs between the bisection method and other root-finding techniques like the
Newton-Raphson method.

Secant Method:
1. How does the secant method differ from the Newton-Raphson method in terms of approximating
roots?
2. Explain how the derivative is approximated in the secant method and why it's needed.
3. What are the advantages of the secant method, and in what situations might it be preferred over
other methods?
4. Can the secant method be applied to functions with discontinuities? Discuss any limitations.
5. Compare the convergence properties of the secant method to those of the bisection and Newton-
Raphson methods.
Interpolation and Approximation:
1. What is the primary goal of interpolation in numerical analysis, and how does it differ from
approximation?
2. Describe the Lagrange interpolation formula and the fundamental idea behind it.
3. How is Newton's divided difference formula used to construct interpolating polynomials, and
why is it useful?
4. What are the practical applications of interpolation techniques in fields like data analysis and
graphics?
5. Discuss the limitations of polynomial interpolation, especially when dealing with noisy data.

Numerical Integration:
1. Explain the basic principle of the trapezoidal rule for numerical integration.
2. How does the accuracy of the trapezoidal rule improve as the number of subintervals increases?
Any drawbacks?
3. Describe Simpson's 1/3 rule for numerical integration and its advantages over the trapezoidal
rule.
4. When is Simpson's 3/8 rule more appropriate than Simpson's 1/3 rule, and under what conditions
might you choose the trapezoidal rule?
5. Discuss situations where numerical integration is essential in scientific and engineering
applications.