Fundamentals of Criminology

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Introduction to Criminology (Philippine College of Criminology)
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Fundamentals of Criminology
1. The scientific study of crimes and criminals.

a. Criminality c. Criminology
b. Sociology d. Penology
2. A body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon. It includes

within its scope, the making of laws, breaking of laws and the reaction
towards the breaking of laws.
a. Criminality c. Criminology
b. Sociology d. Penology
3. One classification of criminals according to Lombroso who commit

crime due to abnormalities or psychological disorders. e.g. Idiots and
imbeciles.
a. Insane criminals c. Psuedo - criminals
b. Criminaloids d. Atavism
4. Bertillion system of identification is known as .

a. Anthropology c. Sociology
b. Anthropometry d. Biometry
5. According to him, criminology at present is a science but not an

absolute science.
a. Cirillo Tradio c. Cesare Beccaria
b. George Wilker d. Edwin Sutherland
6. A collective term of mental disorders that begins at, or shortly after

puberty and usually leads to general failure of the mental faculties, with the
corresponding physiological impairment.
a. delusions c. dementia praecox
b. erotomania d. hallucination
7. Another classification of criminals by Lombroso who commit crime due to

less physical stamina/ self control.
a. Insane criminals c. Psuedo-criminals

8. Means the “throwback of apes”

9. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

will either increase or reduce the penalty imposed to the perpetrator.
a. Alternative Circumstances c. Mitigating
Circumstances
b. Exempting Circumstances d. Aggravating
Circumstances
10. In his book: “An Essay of Crimes and Punishments, “advocated and
applied the doctrine of penology, that is to make punishment less arbitrary
and severe; that all person s who violated a specific law should received an
identical punishment regardless of age, sanity, wealth, position or
circumstance.
a. Cesare Beccaria c. W.A Bonger
b. George Wilker d. Rafaele Garofalo
11. Types of criminals according to Garofalo who are satisfied from

vengeance or revenge.
a. Murderers c. Deficient Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lascivious Criminals
12. Another types of criminals according to Garofalo who commit

crimes against property
a. Murderers c. Deficient Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lascivious Criminals
13. Normlessness produced by rapidly shifting moral values, this occurs

when personal goals cannot be achieve using available means.
a. Anomie c. Hedonism
b. Freewill d. None of the above
14. Anomie Theory was
advocated by .
a. Cesare Beccaria c. Emile
Durkhei
m
b. Cesare Lombroso d.

15. Who introduced the Jeremy
Psychoanalytical Theory? Bentham
a. Emile Durkheim c. Robert
Ezra Park
b. Sigmund Freud d.
William
Sheldon
16. The original system of the personality that is present at birth. It consists of
blind, unreasoning, instinctual desires and motives. It represents the
individual’s basic biological and psychological drives. These include the libido,
a term Freud used to describe the full range of sexual energy found in
animals. It is fueled by “pleasure principle”.
a. Id c. Ego
b. Super Id d. Superego
17. One classification of criminal who kills another as a result of self-defense.

18. The problem-solving dimension of the personality. It deals with

reality differentiating it from fantasy and reality.
a. Id c. Ego
19. The part of personality that develops from the ego and represents the
morale code of the person has acquired. It is responsible for feelings of
guilt and shame and is what is called the “conscience.”
a. Id c. Ego
20. This theory maintains that crime is a function of social change that
comes along with the environmental change. It also maintains that
isolation, segregation, competition, conflict, social contract, interaction and
social hierarchy of people are the major influences of criminal behavior and
crimes.
a. Somatotyping Theory c. Differential
Association Theory
b. Human Ecology Theory d. Strain Theory

21. This theory was
introduced by Edwin
Sutherland.
a. Somatotyping Theory c. Differential
Association Theory
b. Human Ecology Theory d. Strain Theory
22. One classification of criminals who commit crimes against chastity.

a. Murderers c. Deficient
Criminals
b. Violent Criminals d. Lascivious
Criminals
23. The proponent of
the Human Ecology
Theory.
Ezra Park
b. Sigmund Freud d. William
Sheldon
24. Somatotyping Theory
was introduced by who?
Ezra Park
b. Sigmund Freud d. William
Sheldon
25. The study of the interrelationship of the people and their environment.
a. Human Ecology c. Psychiatry
b. Psychology d. Sociology
26. Body physique that is athletic type, predominance of muscles, bones,

and connective tissue, normally heavy, hard and firm, sting and tough. They
are aggressive, and they are the most likely to commit crimes.
a. Endomorph c. Ectomorph
b. Mesomorph d. Morphy
27. Thin physique, flat chest, delicacy through the body slender, poorly
muscled. They tend to look more fatigue and withdrawn.

28. A type of physique with relatively predominance of soft

roundness throughout the regions of the body. They have low
specific gravity.

will either increase or reduce the penalty imposed to the perpetrator.
Circumstances
Circumstances
30. An uncontrollable morbid propensity to steal, pathological stealing.
a. pathology c. pyromaniac
b. melancholia d. kleptomaniac
31. One who advocated the Utilitarian Hedonism Theory.

a. Cesare Beccaria c. Cesare Lombroso
b. Jeremy Bentham d. Rafaele Garofalo
32. The theory introduced by Robert Merton.

a. Lifestyle Theory c. Labeling Theory
b. Strain Theory d. Routine Activities Theory
33. A philosophy by Beccaria advocating punishment is severe enough

for people to choose, to avoid criminal acts. It warrants a certain
punishment without any variation.
a. Freewill c. Hedonism
b. neo-classical d. Positivist
34. The theory which explains that a person always acts in such a way as
to seek pleasure to avoid pain.
a. Demonological Theory c. Utilitarian
Hedonism Theory
b. Classical Theory d. Neo-classical Theory

35. The first ever institution offering the criminology course in the Philippines.
a. Philippine college of Commerce c. University of Baguio
b. University of Manila d. Philippine College
of Criminology
36. This theory states that man is essentially moral creature with absolute
freewill to choose between good and evil. Therefore, stress is placed upon
the criminal himself; that every man is responsible for his act.
Hedonism
Theory
b. Classical Theory d. Neo-classical
Theory
37. The theory postulated by
Frank Tannenbaum in 1938.
a. Lifestyle Theory c. Labeling
Theory
b. Strain Theory d. Routine
Activities
Theory
38. The father of modern Criminology. The world-famous authority in the

field of criminology who advocated the Positivist Theory.
a. Charles Goring c. Cesare Lombroso
b. Enrico Ferri d. Rafaele Garofalo
39. The theory advocated by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson.

40. This theory asserts that criminal behavior is learned primarily within
interpersonal groups and people become delinquent if definitions they have
learned favorable to violating the law exceeds definitions favorable to
obeying the law within the group and that criminal behavior is learned and
not inherited. This theory was introduced by Edwin Sutherland.
a. Somatotyping Theory c. Differential Association
Theory
b. Labeling Theory d. Strain Theory

41. This contend that certain classes are denied legitimate access to
culturally determined goals and opportunities and the resulting frustration,
results in illegitimate activities or rejection of the society’s goal.
42. A victimization theory which posits that some people are victims of
crime because they have certain behavior patterns and lifestyles that
increase the likelihood that they will become victims of crime.
43. A position arguing that chaos in society exists because of different

groups and classes of people who have different interests and power
struggles.
a. Labeling Theory c. Self-control Theory
b. Conflict Theory d. Routine Activities Theory
44. This theory explains criminal behavior as a reaction to having been labeled
as a delinquent. Oftentimes, when subjects are stigmatized as delinquents
they are driven to a self-fulfilling prophecy.
a. Labeling Theory c. Self-control
Theory
b. Conflict Theory d. Routine
Activities
45. Insanity is under Theory
.
a. Justifying Circumstances c. Mitigating
Circumstances
Circumstances
46. Self-defense is under
.
a. Justifying Circumstances c. Mitigating
Circumstances
Circumstances

47. According to this theory punishment is imposed to some law breakers
but not to others by recognition of exempting and justifying circumstances.
a. Demonological Theory c. Positivist/ Italian Theory
48. This theory argues that it is the absence of self-control rather than the
presence of some force or factor such as poverty, anomie, opportunities for
deviance, delinquent peers, exposure to definitions favorable to deviance,
etc. that leads to deviance.
49. This theory rejects the notions that deviance is learned, that deviance
may be economically motivated, or that deviance can result from effort to
achieve social status. In short, it suggests that deviance simply results from
the individual’s inability to effectively control his/her impulses.
50. One who advocated the Classical Theory.

a. Cesare Beccaria c. Cesare Lombroso
51. These are crimes committed with intent; the offender is in full
possession of his mental faculties/capabilities.
a. Rational crimes c. Irrational crimes
b. white collar crimes d. blue collar crimes

will exempt the perpetrator from criminal and civil liability.
a. Justifying Circumstances c. Mitigating Circumstances
Circumstances
53. This theory viewed that crime is a normal function of the routine activities
of modern living; offenses can be expected if there is a motivated offender
and suitable target that is not protected by capable guardians.

54. This theory posits that delinquency is learn through close relationships
with others; it asserts that children are born” good” and learn to be “bad”
from others.
a. Learning Theory c. Control Theory
b. Labeling Theory d. Routine Activities Theory
55. A branch of the study of criminology which deals with the study of an
individual who somehow, one way or the other, has contributed to the
commission of a crime and at the same time a crime victim of his own
volition.
a. Criminology c. Penology
b. Victimology d. Sociology
56. Article of the Revised Penal Code states that every

person criminally liable for a felony is also civilly liable.
a. 100 c. 113
b. 110 d. 120
57. A compensation awarded to a person’s physical suffering, mental

anguish, fright, serious anxiety, tarnished reputation, wounded feelings,
moral shock, social humiliation and similar injury.
a. Moral damages c. Nominal Damages
b. Actual or Compensatory Damages d. Temperate
or Moderate Damages
58. The amount awarded to a person in order that his right, which had
been violated or invaded, may be medicated or recognized.
b. Actual or Compensatory Damages d. temperate
or Moderate Damages
59. A compensation which is more than nominal but less than compensatory
damages, awarded to a person when the court finds that he has suffered
some pecuniary loss, but its amount cannot, from the nature of the case, be
proved with certainty.

or Moderate Damages
60. A compensation awarded to a person for such financial loss suffered by

him as he has duly proved.
or Moderate Damages
61. This are those imposed by way of example or correction for the
public good, in addition to the moral, temperate, liquidated or
compensatory damages.
b. Liquidated Damages d. Exemplary or
Corrective damages
62. This is agreed upon by the parties to a contract, to be paid in case

of breach thereof.
a. Moral damages c. Nominal
Damages
b. Liquidated Damages d. Exemplary or
Corrective
63. The scientific investigation on damages
the causes of crime.
a. Sociology of law c. Penology
b. Criminal Etiology d. Criminology
64. A clash between societies because of contrary beliefs or substantial

variance in their respective customs, language, institutions, habits,
learning, tradition, etc.
a. tribal war c. cultural conflict
b. tribal conflict d. belief conflict
65. The scientific analysis of the conditions under which penal/criminal laws
is develop as a process of a formal social control.

66. A survey in 1901 indicated that and were among
the first courses in the United States college and universities.
a. Criminology and Penology c. Sociology
and Penology
b. Criminology and Sociology d. Sociology
and psychology
67. Concerned with the control and prevention of crime and the treatment
of youthful offenders.
68. Called the “cradle of human personality,” for in it, the child
forms fundamental attitudes and habits that endure throughout his
life.
a. home c. Church
b. School d. community

will increase the penalty imposed to the perpetrator.
Circumstances
Circumstances
70. Cesare Lombroso, together with his two students and

advocated the Positive/ Italian School of Criminology.
a. Cesare Beccaria; Jeremy Bentham c. W.A. Bonger; R.H.
Goddard
b. Edwin Sutherland; Donald Cressey d. Enrico Ferri;
Rafaele Garofalo
71. A mentally deficient person having mental age of about 3-7 years.
a. Idiot c. Imbecile
b. moron d. insane
72. A mentally deficient person having mental age of two years or less.
a. Idiot c. Imbecile
b. moron d. insane

73. Areas or places in which dwellings or housing conditions are dilapidated,
unsanitary, unhealthy, which are therefore, detrimental to the morale,
health and the safety of the populace.
a. Home c. Broken Home
b. Bad neighborhood d. Government
74. Suggests legal separation between parents, or natural separation, that

is, either due to death of the other or just physical absence due to the
nature of the work of the other parent, including lack of interest on the part
of the present parent in the welfare of the children.
a. Home c. Broken Home
b. Bad neighborhood d. Government
75. One classification of delinquents which is characterized by being

occasional law breaker.
a. Emotionally Maladjusted Delinquents c. Environmental
Delinquents
b. Psychiatrist Delinquents d. Juvenile Delinquents
76. Another classification of delinquents who are considered as habitual

law breakers, and cannot avoid or stop from doing it.
a. Emotionally Maladjusted Delinquents c. Environmental
Delinquents
b. Psychiatrist Delinquents d. Juvenile Delinquents
77. His greatest contribution was his attack on the classical doctrine of free
will, he published in 1878 his book “The Theory of Imputable and the Denial
of the Free Will.”
a. Cesare Beccaria c. Enrico Ferri

will reduce the penalty imposed to the perpetrator.
Circumstances

79. Refers to a child who becomes delinquent due to mental illness
coupled with serious emotional disturbance in the family.
a. Emotionally Maladjusted Delinquent c. Environmental
Delinquent
b. Psychiatrist Delinquent d. Juvenile Delinquent
80. That branch of the administration of criminal justice changed with the
responsibility for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of the
convicted offender.
a. Penology c. Jail
b. Corrections d. Prison
81. The redress that the state takes against an offending member of the
society that usually involves pain and suffering.
a. Punishment c. Retribution
b. Penalty d. Deterrence
82. This theory maintains that criminal behavior was believed to be the
result of evil spirits and demons, some natural forces control his/her
behavior.
a. Demonological Theory c. Evil Theory
b. Freewill Theory d. Classical Theory
83. The suffering inflicted by the state against an offending member for
the transgression of law.
a. Punishment c. Retribution
b. Penalty d. Deterrence
84. Refers to a place of confinement for inmates under investigation,

awaiting or undergoing trial, or serving sentence; Houses those sentenced
to imprisonment of 3 years and below.
a. Penology c. Jail
85. It is the science devoted to the study of mankind and its development
in relation to its physical, mental and cultural history.
a. autobiography c. sociology
b. biometry d. anthropology

86. An, Italian who founded the Positive School of Criminology.
a. Cesare Lombroso c. Cesare Beccaria
b. Enrico Ferri d. Rafaele Garofalo
87. Is a procedure by which prisoners are selected for release on the basis
of individual response and progress within the correctional institution and
a service by which that are provided with necessary control and guidance
as they serve the remainder of their sentences within the free community.
a. Absolute Pardon c. Parole
b. Conditional Pardon d. Pardon
88. An Italian authority in criminology, who developed a concept of the

natural crime and defined it as a violation of the prevalent sentiments of
piety and probity.
a. R.H Goddard c. David maurer
b. W.A. Bonger d. Rafaele Garofalo
89. An institution for the imprisonment of persons convicted of major/

serious crimes; Houses those sentenced to imprisonment of more than 3
years.
a. Penology c. Jail
90. A mercy extended to a prisoner by the President, usually form of

a reduction in sentence or unconditional release.
b. Conditional Pardon d. Executive Clemency
91. A general pardon granted to groups of law violators, usually those

who committed political crimes, with the concurrence of the lawmaking
body.
a. Reprieve c. Amnesty
b. Commutation d. Parole
92. Is an act of executive clemency by head of the state for purposes of

exempting an individual from the punishment imposed upon him by a court
of law.

will exempt the perpetrator from criminal liability.
Circumstances
94. The law that abolished death Penalty

a. R.A. 9346 c. R.A. 9364
b. R.A. 7569 d. R.A. 7965
95. A pardon granted by the Chief Executive without conditions of any kind.
This serves to wipe away the guilt of a person and makes him innocent as if
he has not committed any crime.
96. This theory argues that classical theory should be modified in certain
details. Since children and lunatics cannot calculate pleasure and pain,
they should not be regarded as criminals, or to be punished.
Hedonism Theory
97. Known as the front liner of the Criminal Justice System.

a. Police c. Court
b. Prosecution d. Correction
98. A pardon granted by the Chief Executive subject to the conditions

imposed on the recipient and accepted by him. Usually, the person granted
with this kind of pardon has served a portion of his sentence in prisons.
99. Known as the weakest pillar of the Criminal Justice System.

a. Police c. Court
b. Prosecution d. Correction

100. He conducts preliminary investigation on the complaint filed to him by
the victim, victim’s relative, police or any public officer charged with the law
violated.
a. Police c. Judge
b. Prosecutor d. Jail Officer

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CRIM SET A WITH Answer - Sample Questionnaire

Introduction to Criminology (Philippine College of Criminology)

Scan to open on Studocu

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

1. The scientific study of crimes and criminals.

2. A body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon. It includes

3. One classification of criminals according to Lombroso who commit

4. Bertillion system of identification is known as .

5. According to him, criminology at present is a science but not an

6. A collective term of mental disorders that begins at, or shortly after

7. Another classification of criminals by Lombroso who commit crime due to

a. Insane criminals c. Psuedo-criminals

8. Means the “throwback of apes”

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

9. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

11. Types of criminals according to Garofalo who are satisfied from

12. Another types of criminals according to Garofalo who commit

13. Normlessness produced by rapidly shifting moral values, this occurs

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

17. One classification of criminal who kills another as a result of self-defense.

18. The problem-solving dimension of the personality. It deals with

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

22. One classification of criminals who commit crimes against chastity.

26. Body physique that is athletic type, predominance of muscles, bones,

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

28. A type of physique with relatively predominance of soft

29. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

31. One who advocated the Utilitarian Hedonism Theory.

32. The theory introduced by Robert Merton.

33. A philosophy by Beccaria advocating punishment is severe enough

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

38. The father of modern Criminology. The world-famous authority in the

39. The theory advocated by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson.

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

43. A position arguing that chaos in society exists because of different

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

50. One who advocated the Classical Theory.

52. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

56. Article of the Revised Penal Code states that every

57. A compensation awarded to a person’s physical suffering, mental

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

60. A compensation awarded to a person for such financial loss suffered by

62. This is agreed upon by the parties to a contract, to be paid in case

64. A clash between societies because of contrary beliefs or substantial

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

69. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

70. Cesare Lombroso, together with his two students and

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

74. Suggests legal separation between parents, or natural separation, that

75. One classification of delinquents which is characterized by being

76. Another classification of delinquents who are considered as habitual

78. Circumstances which when present in the commission of the crime

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

84. Refers to a place of confinement for inmates under investigation,

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

88. An Italian authority in criminology, who developed a concept of the

89. An institution for the imprisonment of persons convicted of major/

90. A mercy extended to a prisoner by the President, usually form of

91. A general pardon granted to groups of law violators, usually those

92. Is an act of executive clemency by head of the state for purposes of

Downloaded by REINER TUMAMAO (r.tumamao.551052@umindanao.edu.ph)

94. The law that abolished death Penalty