Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Factsheet Umayyads

    Uploaded by

    fgzryybm6m
    5 views2 pages
    The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 CE after the death of the Prophet Muhammad's companion Ali ibn Abi Talib. The Umayyad dynasty ruled the Islamic empire from Damascus and expanded it through conquests led by generals like Qutayba bin Muslim and Muhammad bin Qasim. Key Umayyad caliphs included Muawiyah I, who established the dynasty, Abd al-Malik who introduced Arabic as the language of administration and Islamic coinage, and Al-Walid I who oversaw expansion into Central Asia, India, and Spain. However, internal divisions grew over time between Arab and non-Arab factions, weakening the caliphate and

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 CE after the death of the Prophet Muhammad's companion Ali ibn Abi Talib. The Umayyad dynasty ruled the Islamic empire from Damascus and expanded it through conquests led by generals like Qutayba bin Muslim and Muhammad bin Qasim. Key Umayyad caliphs included Muawiyah I, who established the dynasty, Abd al-Malik who introduced Arabic as the language of administration and Islamic coinage, and Al-Walid I who oversaw expansion into Central Asia, India, and Spain. However, internal divisions grew over time between Arab and non-Arab factions, weakening the caliphate and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    5 views2 pages

    Factsheet Umayyads

    Uploaded by

    fgzryybm6m
    The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 CE after the death of the Prophet Muhammad's companion Ali ibn Abi Talib. The Umayyad dynasty ruled the Islamic empire from Damascus and expanded it through conquests led by generals like Qutayba bin Muslim and Muhammad bin Qasim. Key Umayyad caliphs included Muawiyah I, who established the dynasty, Abd al-Malik who introduced Arabic as the language of administration and Islamic coinage, and Al-Walid I who oversaw expansion into Central Asia, India, and Spain. However, internal divisions grew over time between Arab and non-Arab factions, weakening the caliphate and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 2

    Factsheet: Umayyad Caliphate

    Caliphs in Qur’ān, Adam, David.632 death of Prophet Muhammad. Amīr al-Mu’minīn

    (Commander of the Faithful).

    Rāshidūn (Orthodox) caliphs, Abū Bakr (632-4), ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb (634-44), ʿUthmān b.

    ʿAffān (644-56), ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭ ālib (656-51)

    Quraysh, muhājirūn, anṣār, shūra , naṣṣ, khalīfat Allah, khalīfat rasūl Allah. Battle of Siffin,

    Kharijites takfīr

    Umayyad caliphs.

    Muʿāwiya b. Abī Sufyān (661-80), Yazīd I (680-3).680 Death of al-Husayn b. ʿAli

    Ibn al-Zubayr in Mecca and Iraq, Marwān b. al-Ḥ akam in Syria rival caliphs, Mukhtār b. Abī

    ʿUbayd

    ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwān (685-705) dīwāns translated into Arabic, Islamic coinage (dinār,

    dirham), Dome of the Rock Jerusalem 695, al-Ḥ ajjāj b. Yūsuf in Iraq d. 714 ʿaṭā’, rizq, jizya,

    kharāj

    Al-Walid b. ʿAbd al-Malik (705-15) Umayyad mosque in Damascus. 711-6 conquests in

    Central Asia (Qutayba b. Muslim), Sind (Muḥ mamad b. Yū suf al-Thaqafī) and Spain (Ṭ ā riq

    b. Ziyā d and Mū sā b. Nuṣayr)

    ʿUmar (II) b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (717-20). The “good Umayyad”

    Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik (724-43) moves to Rusafa in northern Syria. Qays and Yemen

    factions.

    Al-Walid (II) b. ʿAbd al-Malik (743-4) the dissolute poet, desert castles (quṣūr)

    720 onwards Abbasid movement in Khurasan. Abū Muslim in Merv

    744-50 Marwān (II) b. Muḥ ammad. 747 massive Syria earthquake, Naṣr b. Sayyār in

    Khurasan, 750 Battle of the Zab.

    You might also like