MASTERS: Biological Science

NAME: FIDEL A. CASTRO

SCIENCE ED. 204- Biological Science Section A
Semester: First Sem
Subject Title: Biology I

Module 3: ANIMAL TISSUE

I. ENGAGE

1. What are the levels of organization in an organism based from the picture
above?

The levels of organization in an organism based from the picture above is made
up of eight levels of organization: atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle,
cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems

2. What is the difference between cell from tissue?

The difference between cells and tissue is that, Cells are defined as the smallest,
structural, and functional unit of an organism, which is characteristically microscopic.
However, Tissues are defined as the distinct types of material consisting of specialized
cells and their products. Tissues are macroscopic.

After analyzing the chart, you will learn and understand more deeper the types of
animal tissues.
 o INTEXT QUESTIONS
1. List the different types of animal tissues and its function/s.

Human bodies, like most animal bodies, are made up of four different types of tissue:
 Epithelial tissue forms the outer layer of the body and also lines many of the
bodies cavities where it has a protective function.
 Connective tissue assists in support and protection of organs and limbs and
depending on the location in the body it may join or separate organs or parts of
the body.
 Muscle tissue enables various forms of movement, both voluntary and
involuntary.
 Nerve tissue is responsible for the carrying of electrical and chemical signals
and impulses from the brain and central nervous system to the periphery, and
vice versa.

2. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II by writing the

corresponding serial number within brackets.

Column I
(a) Compound Epithelium ( ii )
(b) Basement membrane ( iv )
(c) Brush-bordered epithelium ( v )
(d) Salivary gland ( i )
(e) Ciliated Epithelium ( iii )
Column II
(i) Epithelial tissue
(ii) For increasing the surface area
(iii) Lining of trachea
(iv) Skin
(v) Cuboidal epithelium

o ACTIVITY 1
After watching the video, identify the following types of tissues and give its
function.
1.)

 Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is

responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. The
cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct impulses are called
neurons or nerve cells.
 These cells have three principal parts: the dendrites, the cell body, and
one axon.
2.)

 Cardiac muscle tissue is only found in your heart, where it

performs coordinated contractions that allow your heart to pump blood
through your circulatory system.

3.)

 Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to

shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts. The tissue
is highly cellular and is well supplied with blood vessels.

4.)

 Skeletal muscle is one of the three significant muscle tissues in

the human body. Each skeletal muscle consists of thousands of muscle
fibers wrapped together by connective tissue sheaths. The individual
bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle are known as fasciculi.

5.)

 Connective tissue is the most abundant and widely distributed of

the primary tissues. The major functions of connective tissue include,
binding and supporting, protecting, insulating, storing reserve fuel, and
transporting substances within the body.
o ACTIVITY 2

III. A. Elaborate
Directions: After analyzing the mind map, answer briefly and clearly answer
the following questions:
1. What is the importance of having a tissue level in the hierarchy of
biological organization? (2 points)
- Tissues are important in the hierarchy of biological organization because these
are the things that consist organs and other vital parts of the body. All of which are
essential in living and the extensive damage brought to these tissues may result in
fatal consequences.

2. What do the varying shapes and arrangement of epithelial tissue suggests?

(2 points)
- The gap junctions are where the cells exchange nutrients. Unfortunately, sometimes
viruses can use these doors to spread between cells, too. Epithelial cells come in
different shapes depending on where in the body they're found.

3. What is the general function of connective tissues? What function is

common to all types of connective tissues? (1 point)
- Connective tissue, group of tissues in the body that maintain the form of the body and its
organs and provide cohesion and internal support. And the major functions of connective
tissue include binding and supporting, protecting, insulating, storing reserve fuel, and
transporting substances within the body.

4. Why are there voluntary and involuntary muscle tissue functions? (2

points)
- The involuntary muscles are the ones which are not under your control, you cannot
make them work if you want to, these muscles are independent of how you want them to
work, whereas voluntary muscles are entirely under your control and you can make use
of them, make them function when you want it through the stimuli.

5. What is the importance of glial cells in nervous tissues? (1 point)

- Neuroglial cells or glial cells provide supporting functions to the nervous system. Early
research viewed glial cells as the “glue” of the nervous system. However, scientists are
now increasingly recognizing the pivotal role glial cells play in brain function and
development.

6. Identify two cell modifications and describe their respective functions. (2

points)
- Cell specialization or modification is actually a process that occurs after cell
division where the newly formed cells are structurally modified so that they can
perform their function efficiently and effectively.

IV. B. Elaborate
1. What is the function of nervous tissue?

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for
coordinating and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle
contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in
emotions, memory, and reasoning.

2. What is the direction of the “flow of impulse” within a nerve cell from its
dendrites to its axon end or from its axon end toward its dendrites?

The flow of information moves in the following direction: dendrite to soma to axon to
terminal buttons to synapse. They form connections between themselves and sensory
neurons for the integration of information before it is passed along to those neurons that
will organize a behavioral response.

3. Discribe the following parts in a nerve cell

a. Cyton
- Cyton is a large part of the fiber of a nerve, or neuron. It is concerned with
the regulation of a neuron's maximum metabolism. In other words, the cyton
is responsible for regulating a neuron's metabolism.

b. Dendrite
- A dendrite is where a neuron receives input from other cells.

c. Axon
- Axon, also called nerve fiber, portion of a nerve cell or neuron that carries
nerve impulses away from the cell body

d. Medullary sheath
- A medullary sheath is a protective covering surrounding and insulating
certain nerve fiber.

e. Node of Ranvier
- Node of Ranvier, periodic gap in the insulating sheath (myelin) on the axon of
certain neurons that serves to facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve
impulses

4. Name the different types of cells found in the different types of connective
tissue.

- The common cell types in connective tissue include

 Fibroblasts
 Mast cells
 Plasma cells
 Macrophages
 Adipocytes
 Leukocytes
 5. Match the item in Column I with those in Column II, by writing the corresponding
serial number within brackets:

Column I
a. Unstripped muscles ( v )
b. Myofibrils ( ii )
c. Sarcolemma ( iv )
d. Striped muscle ( iii )
e. Branched myofibrils ( i )
Column II
(i) multinucleate
(ii) run parallel to each other in a striped muscle
(iii) cardiac muscles
(iv) outer tough membrane of a striped muscle fiber
(v) involuntary