Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V (Bicol)
Division of Camarines Sur
HANAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Hanawan, Ocampo, Camarines Sur
SCIENCE 11

NAME: _____________________________________________ YEAR AND SEC.: ______________

DIRECTION: Choose the best answer in each item.

1. What is the main idea behind the Big Bang Theory?

A) The universe is shrinking.
B) The universe began as a single point and expanded.
C) The universe is stationary and unchanging.
D) The universe is contracting.
2. Who first proposed the idea of the Big Bang, suggesting that the universe started as a single
point?
A) Edwin Hubble
B) Georges Lemaître
C) Isaac Newton
D) Galileo Galilei
3. What observation by Edwin Hubble supported the idea that the universe is still expanding?
A) Galaxies moving closer to each other
B) Galaxies moving away from us
C) Uniform distribution of galaxies
D) No observable motion of galaxies
4. What is the significance of the discovery of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) in
supporting the Big Bang Theory?
A) It proves the existence of black holes.
B) It is the afterglow of the Big Bang, supporting the theory.
C) It indicates the absence of galaxies.
D) It disproves the expansion of the universe.
5. What is the main purpose of the concept of cosmic inflation in the context of the Big Bang
Theory?
A) To explain the formation of galaxies.
B) To address limitations of the original Big Bang Theory.
C) To describe the future of the universe.
D) To prove the existence of dark energy.
6. When did cosmic inflation occur according to the provided information?
A) Within the first second after the initial singularity.
B) Several hundred thousand years after the Big Bang.
C) Billions of years after the formation of the first galaxies.
D) 13.8 billion years ago.
7. What significant event happens minutes after the Big Bang, according to the timeline provided?
A) The formation of the first galaxies.
 B) The occurrence of cosmic inflation.
C) Nucleosynthesis, forming the first elements.
D) The emission of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB).
8. What does the current observational evidence suggest about the future of the universe?
A) The universe will contract and collapse.
B) The expansion of the universe will continue at a constant rate.
C) Galaxies will stop moving apart.
D) The universe is expanding at an accelerating rate due to dark energy.

5. What is the ultimate fate predicted by the Big Bang Theory for the universe?
A) Continuous expansion leading to infinite size.
B) A state of heat death, with matter and energy evenly distributed.
C) The formation of new singularities.
D) The universe will eventually shrink back to a singularity.

Answer Key:

1. B) To address limitations of the original Big Bang Theory.

2. A) Within the first second after the initial singularity.
3. C) Nucleosynthesis, forming the first elements.
4. D) The universe is expanding at an accelerating rate due to dark energy.
5. B) A state of heat death, with matter and energy evenly distributed.

1. What is the Nebular Hypothesis, as explained in the lecture?

A) A hypothesis about the formation of Earth.
B) A theory about the origin of life in the universe.
C) An explanation for the formation of the solar system from a giant molecular cloud.
D) A description of the formation of galaxies.

Answer: C) An explanation for the formation of the solar system from a giant molecular cloud.

2. What caused the collapse of a portion of the giant molecular cloud in the Nebular Hypothesis?
A) A nearby supernova explosion.
B) The birth of a star.
C) The emission of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.
D) Solar wind.

Answer: A) A nearby supernova explosion.

3. What force triggered the collapse of the molecular cloud in the Nebular Hypothesis?**
A) Electromagnetic force.
B) Gravitational force.
C) Magnetic force.
D) Nuclear force.

Answer: B) Gravitational force.

4. **What physical phenomenon led to the formation of the "solar nebula" in the Nebular Hypothesis?
 A) Solar wind.
B) Cosmic radiation.
C) Gravitational contraction.
D) Conservation of angular momentum.

Answer: D) Conservation of angular momentum.

5. What is the "protosun" or "solar embryo" mentioned in the Nebular Hypothesis?

A) A precursor to a star.
B) A type of planetesimal.
C) The first planet in the solar system.
D) A region with a high concentration of gas.

Answer: A) A precursor to a star.

6. How did nuclear fusion reactions begin in the Nebular Hypothesis?

A) Due to the presence of dark matter.
B) As a result of electromagnetic forces.
C) Through gravitational compression of matter.
D) As a reaction to solar wind.

Answer: C) Through gravitational compression of matter.

7. What role did planetesimals play in the formation of planets in the Nebular Hypothesis?
A) They were small moons.
B) They were the precursors to stars.
C) They were building blocks for planets.
D) They were formed by nuclear fusion.

Answer: C) They were building blocks for planets.

8. What is the "protoplanetary disk" in the context of the Nebular Hypothesis?

A) A type of asteroid.
B) A region of intense radiation.
C) A rotating disk of gas and dust.
D) A type of comet.

Answer: C) A rotating disk of gas and dust.

9. What causes the clearing of debris and the formation of distinct zones in the solar system according to
the Nebular Hypothesis?
A) Solar flares.
B) Gravitational interactions between planets.
C) Magnetic forces.
D) Cosmic radiation.

Answer: B) Gravitational interactions between planets.

10. What is the primary factor responsible for the ongoing evolution of the solar system, as mentioned in
the Nebular Hypothesis?
- A) Solar wind.
- B) Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.
- C) Gravitational interactions between celestial bodies.
- D) The force of dark matter.

Answer: C) Gravitational interactions between celestial bodies.

Key to Correction:

1. C) An explanation for the formation of the solar system from a giant molecular cloud.
2. A) A nearby supernova explosion.
3. B) Gravitational force.
4. D) Conservation of angular momentum.
5. A) A precursor to a star.
6. C) Through gravitational compression of matter.
7. C) They were building blocks for planets.
8. C) A rotating disk of gas and dust.
9. B) Gravitational interactions between planets.
10. C) Gravitational interactions between celestial bodies.

Certainly! Here's a 10-item multiple-choice test based on the provided lecture on the Geosphere, along
with the key to correction:

Multiple-Choice Test:

1. What is the primary function of Earth's crust?

A) It regulates the Earth's climate.
B) It supports various industries like fishing.
C) It provides a stable surface for ecosystems to thrive.
D) It generates the Earth's magnetic field.

Answer: C) It provides a stable surface for ecosystems to thrive.

2. Which type of rock primarily makes up the continental crust?

A) Basaltic rocks
B) Sedimentary rocks
C) Granitic rocks
D) Igneous rocks

Answer: C) Granitic rocks.

3. What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by oceans?

A) 50%
B) 71%
C) 85%
D) 20%
 Answer: B) 71%.

4. What is the primary function of Earth's oceans?

A) To provide a habitat for diverse marine life.
B) To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
C) To house valuable mineral resources.
D) To regulate plate tectonics.

Answer: B) To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

5. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for plate tectonics and geological phenomena like earthquakes
and volcanic eruptions?
A) Mantle
B) Oceanic Crust
C) Lithosphere
D) Asthenosphere

Answer: C) Lithosphere.

6. What does the Mohorovičić Discontinuity (Moho) separate?

A) The lithosphere and asthenosphere.
B) The inner core and outer core.
C) The crust and mantle.
D) The outer core and mantle.

Answer: C) The crust and mantle.

7. What is the primary function of the asthenosphere?

A) To generate the Earth's magnetic field.
B) To allow tectonic plates to move due to its semi-fluid nature.
C) To house valuable mineral resources.
D) To regulate the Earth's climate.

Answer: B) To allow tectonic plates to move due to its semi-fluid nature.

8. What drives plate movements and influences geological processes on Earth?

A) The continental crust.
B) The Moho boundary.
C) The outer core.
D) Convection currents in the mantle.

Answer: D) Convection currents in the mantle.

9. Which boundary marks the transition between the solid mantle and the molten outer core in Earth's
interior?
A) Moho
B) Lithosphere
 C) Gutenberg Discontinuity
D) Oceanic Crust

Answer: C) Gutenberg Discontinuity.

10. What generates the Earth's magnetic field?

A) The outer core's convection currents.
B) The lithosphere's movement.
C) The Moho boundary.
D) The inner core's solid composition.

Answer: A) The outer core's convection current

1. C) It provides a stable surface for ecosystems to thrive.

2. C) Granitic rocks.
3. B) 71%.
4. B) To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
5. C) Lithosphere.
6. C) The crust and mantle.
7. B) To allow tectonic plates to move due to its semi-fluid nature.
8. D) Convection currents in the mantle.
9. C) Gutenberg Discontinuity.
10. A) The outer core's convection currents.

1. What is the primary driving force behind the Earth's dynamic geological processes?
A) Volcanic eruptions
B) Plate tectonics
C) Weathering
D) Climate change

Answer: B) Plate tectonics.

2. Who played pivotal roles in piecing together the concept of plate tectonics?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Isaac Newton
C) Marie Tharp
D) Leonardo da Vinci

Answer: C) Marie Tharp.

3. What unifying theory explains geological phenomena like earthquakes, mountain formation, and
continental drift?
A) Plate tectonics
B) Seafloor spreading
C) Volcanism
D) Erosion
Answer: A) Plate tectonics.

4. What is the role of the lithosphere in plate tectonics?

A) It causes volcanic eruptions.
B) It allows for the movement of tectonic plates.
C) It generates seismic waves.
D) It regulates the climate.

Answer: B) It allows for the movement of tectonic plates.

5. Which layer of the Earth is semi-fluid and allows for the movement of lithospheric plates?
A) Crust
B) Mantle
C) Asthenosphere
D) Inner core

Answer: C) Asthenosphere

6. How did the acceptance of plate tectonics revolutionize our understanding of Earth's geological
history?
A) It explained the causes of volcanic eruptions.
B) It clarified the process of erosion.
C) It provided insights into the movements of the lithosphere.
D) It helped understand the formation of mountain ranges.

Answer: C) It provided insights into the movements of the lithosphere.

7. What type of plate boundary involves lithospheric plates moving apart from each other?
A) Convergent boundary
B) Transform boundary
C) Divergent boundary
D) Subduction boundary

Answer: C) Divergent boundary.

8. Which geological feature extends for thousands of miles across the ocean and is associated with
divergent boundaries?
A) Trenches
B) Volcanic islands
C) Mountain ranges
D) Mid-ocean ridges

Answer: D) Mid-ocean ridges.

9. **What causes the formation of massive mountain ranges like the Himalayas?**
- A) Hotspots
- B) Subduction zones
- C) Collision of continental plates
 - D) Mid-ocean ridges

**Answer: C) Collision of continental plates.**

10. **Which process leads to the formation of volcanic islands like those in the Hawaiian archipelago?**
- A) Trench formation
- B) Hotspots
- C) Subduction zones
- D) Mid-ocean ridge formation

**Answer: B) Hotspots.**

11. **What geological feature is characterized by the subduction of denser oceanic plates beneath
continental plates?**
- A) Volcanic islands
- B) Trenches
- C) Mountain ranges
- D) Mid-ocean ridges

**Answer: B) Trenches.**

12. **How do magnetic stripes on the ocean floor support the theory of plate tectonics?**
- A) They indicate the presence of oil reserves.
- B) They reveal ancient fossils.
- C) They provide information on past climate changes.
- D) They record reversals in Earth's magnetic field.

**Answer: D) They record reversals in Earth's magnetic field.**

13. **What plays a critical role in helping scientists understand the Earth's internal structure and
geological events?**
- A) Plate tectonics
- B) Seismic waves
- C) Climate change
- D) Ocean currents

**Answer: B) Seismic waves.**

14. **Which seismic waves can travel through both solids and liquids?**
- A) Surface waves
- B) P-Waves (Primary Waves)
- C) Love Waves (L-Waves)
- D) S-Waves (Secondary Waves)

**Answer: B) P-Waves (Primary Waves).**

15. **Which type of seismic wave can cause intense ground shaking and structural damage during an
earthquake?**
 - A) P-Waves
- B) Surface waves
- C) S-Waves
- D) Rayleigh Waves (R-Waves)

**Answer: B) Surface waves.**

16. **What does the absence of S-Waves in certain areas, such as the Earth's outer core, indicate?**
- A) The presence of lava
- B) The presence of magma chambers
- C) The presence of solid materials
- D) The presence of molten material

**Answer: D) The presence of molten material.**

17. **Which seismic wave arrives first at seismographic stations during an earthquake?**
- A) S-Waves
- B) P-Waves
- C) Rayleigh Waves
- D) Love Waves

**Answer: B) P-Waves.**

18. **What process is responsible for the formation of volcanic arcs?**

- A) Seafloor spreading
- B) Trench formation
- C) Hotspots
- D) Magnetic striping

**Answer: B) Trench formation.**

19. **What geological feature is created at divergent plate boundaries where tectonic plates move
apart?**
- A) Trenches
- B) Volcanic islands
- C) Mountain ranges
- D) Mid-ocean ridges

**Answer: D) Mid-ocean ridges.**

20. **How does seismic tomography create 3D images of the Earth

's interior?**
- A) By using sonar technology
- B) By analyzing the Earth's magnetic field
- C) By studying meteorology
- D) By analyzing seismic waves from earthquakes
 **Answer: D) By analyzing seismic waves from earthquakes.**

### Key to Correction:

1. B) Plate tectonics.
2. C) Marie Tharp.
3. A) Plate tectonics.
4. B) It allows for the movement of tectonic plates.
5. C) Asthenosphere.
6. C) It provided insights into the movements of the lithosphere.
7. C) Divergent boundary.
8. D) Mid-ocean ridges.
9. C) Collision of continental plates.
10. B) Hotspots.
11. B) Trenches.
12. D) They record reversals in Earth's magnetic field.
13. B) Seismic waves.
14. B) P-Waves (Primary Waves).
15. B) Surface waves.
16. D) The presence of molten material.
17. B) P-Waves.
18. B) Trench formation.
19. D) Mid-ocean ridges.
20. D) By analyzing seismic waves from earthquakes.

1. What defines Earth's hydrosphere?

A) Earth's solid surface
B) Earth's atmosphere
C) Earth's water bodies
D) Earth's underground minerals

Answer: C) Earth's water bodies.

2. Which of the following is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth?

A) Indian Ocean
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Southern Ocean
D) Pacific Ocean

Answer: D) Pacific Ocean.

3. What is the primary role of oceans in Earth's systems?

- A) To provide drinking water
- B) To support agriculture
- C) To influence global climate patterns
- D) To create deserts

**Answer: C) To influence global climate patterns.**

4. **What are rivers primarily composed of?**
- A) Saltwater
- B) Sediment and rocks
- C) Organic matter
- D) Glacial ice

**Answer: B) Sediment and rocks.**

5. **What is the point where a river meets the ocean or another body of water called?**
- A) Headwaters
- B) Source
- C) Mouth
- D) Tributary

**Answer: C) Mouth.**

6. **What is the term for smaller rivers or streams that flow into a larger river?**
- A) Headwaters
- B) Source
- C) Mouth
- D) Tributaries

**Answer: D) Tributaries.**

7. **How do lakes primarily form?**

- A) Through volcanic activity
- B) As a result of earthquakes
- C) Through tectonic processes
- D) From the flow of glaciers

**Answer: C) Through tectonic processes.**

8. **What part of a lake consists of the depression or hollow in the Earth's surface where the lake
forms?**
- A) Inflow
- B) Outflow
- C) Basin
- D) Shoreline

**Answer: C) Basin.**

9. **What is the term for smaller saltwater bodies partially enclosed by land and connected to the
ocean?**
- A) Gulfs
- B) Bays
- C) Estuaries
- D) Lagoons
 **Answer: A) Gulfs.**

10. **What occurs when water vapor changes directly into ice without passing through the liquid phase?
**
- A) Precipitation
- B) Deposition
- C) Sublimation
- D) Evaporation

**Answer: B) Deposition.**

11. **Which of the following phases of the water cycle involves rivers, streams, and precipitation
replenishing groundwater reservoirs?**
- A) Transpiration
- B) Infiltration
- C) Evaporation
- D) Deposition

**Answer: B) Infiltration.**

12. **What role does transpiration play in the water cycle?**

- A) It describes the conversion of ice to vapor.
- B) It releases water vapor from plants.
- C) It forms rivers.
- D) It leads to sea ice formation.

**Answer: B) It releases water vapor from plants.**

13. **Which phase of the water cycle involves the release of energy from the sun, causing water to
transform from a liquid to a vapor?**
- A) Transpiration
- B) Infiltration
- C) Evaporation
- D) Sublimation

**Answer: C) Evaporation.**

14. **What is the initial phase of the water cycle in which water vapor changes back into tiny water
droplets or ice crystals in the atmosphere?**
- A) Infiltration
- B) Deposition
- C) Condensation
- D) Sublimation

**Answer: C) Condensation.**
15. **What process involves water droplets or ice crystals growing large enough to fall back to Earth's
surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail?**
- A) Transpiration
- B) Precipitation
- C) Infiltration
- D) Deposition

**Answer: B) Precipitation.**

16. **What is the term for excess precipitation that cannot be absorbed into the ground and flows into
rivers and streams?**
- A) Infiltration
- B) Runoff
- C) Deposition
- D) Transpiration

**Answer: B) Runoff.**

17. **What does sublimation involve?**

- A) Water vapor changing directly into ice
- B) Water changing from a liquid to a vapor
- C) Water droplets forming clouds
- D) The flow of rivers

**Answer: A) Water vapor changing directly into ice.**

18. **What is the process by which water vapor transforms directly from a gas to a solid without
becoming a liquid?**
- A) Precipitation
- B) Condensation
- C) Sublimation
- D) Evaporation

**Answer: C) Sublimation.**

19. **What is the starting point of a river, often located in highlands or mountains?**
- A) Riverbed
- B) Mouth
- C) Source
- D) Tributary

**Answer: C) Source.**

20. **What is the depression or hollow in the Earth's surface where a lake forms called?**
- A) Inflow
- B) Outflow
- C) Basin
- D) Shoreline
 **Answer: C) Basin.**

21. **Which component of a lake consists of the bottom of the lake, which can consist of sediment,
rocks, or organic matter?**
- A) Inflow
- B) Outflow
- C) Basin
- D) Lakebed

**Answer: D) Lake

Here's a 25-item multiple-choice test on the lecture "Importance of the Hydrosphere for Life and Climate
Regulation," along with the key to correction:

**Multiple-Choice Test on the Hydrosphere:**

1. What does the hydrosphere encompass?

a) Earth's solid components
b) All of Earth's water in various forms
c) The atmosphere
d) The biosphere
**Answer: b) All of Earth's water in various forms**

2. How much of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?

a) 10%
b) 33%
c) 50%
d) 71%
**Answer: d) 71%**

3. Which ocean is known for its role in influencing global shipping routes?
a) Pacific Ocean
b) Atlantic Ocean
c) Indian Ocean
d) Arctic Ocean
**Answer: b) Atlantic Ocean**

4. Which is the smallest and shallowest ocean?

a) Pacific Ocean
b) Atlantic Ocean
c) Indian Ocean
d) Arctic Ocean
**Answer: d) Arctic Ocean**

5. What is the primary source of rivers?

a) Lakes
b) Underground reservoirs
 c) Springs, lakes, or mountain glaciers
d) Swamps
**Answer: c) Springs, lakes, or mountain glaciers**

6. What is the point where a river meets another body of water, typically the ocean or a sea?
a) Source
b) Riverbed
c) Riverbank
d) Mouth
Answer: d) Mouth

7. What are smaller rivers or streams that flow into a larger river called?
a) Inflows
b) Riverbanks
c) Tributaries
d) Meanders
Answer: c) Tributaries

8. What is the primary source of freshwater for drinking, agriculture, and other daily needs?
a) Oceans
b) Rivers
c) Lakes
d) Hydrosphere
Answer: b) Rivers

9. What is the primary role of oceans in regulating Earth's climate?

a) Transporting goods
b) Absorbing and redistributing heat
c) Supporting aquatic ecosystems
d) Influencing weather patterns
Answer: b) Absorbing and redistributing heat

10. What role do oceans play in the carbon cycle?

a) Releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
b) Acting as a carbon sink
c) Storing carbon in their sediments
d) Emitting greenhouse gases
Answer: b) Acting as a carbon sink

11. What is the significance of coastal and aquatic ecosystems in the context of biodiversity?
a) They are lifeless and devoid of biodiversity.
b) They are known for their extreme environmental conditions.
c) They are often rich in biodiversity.
d) They play no role in fisheries.
Answer: c) They are often rich in biodiversity

12. Which of the following is a major source of seafood and a primary protein source for billions of
people?
 a) Lakes
b) Rivers
c) Oceans
d) Deserts
Answer: c) Oceans

13. What is the primary function of oceans in maintaining food security?

a) Supporting agriculture
b) Providing freshwater
c) Acting as a trade route
d) Sustaining fisheries
Answer: d) Sustaining fisheries

14. What role do oceans play in global trade?

a) They have no impact on global trade.
b) They act as a barrier to trade.
c) They enable the movement of goods and resources between continents.
d) They are isolated from trade routes.
**Answer: c) They enable the movement of goods and resources between continents.**

15. Which of the following is a recreational opportunity provided by water bodies?

a) Mountain climbing
b) Skiing
c) Swimming
d) Hiking
Answer: c) Swimming

16. What is the role of water bodies in contributing to cultural appreciation?

a) They have no cultural significance.
b) They are primarily appreciated for scientific research.

c) They are important for tourism and cultural appreciation.

d) They are only valued for their scenic beauty.
Answer: c) They are important for tourism and cultural appreciation

17. The hydrosphere consists of what forms of water?

a) Ice, vapor, and groundwater
b) Ice, vapor, and atmosphere
c) Oceans, rivers, and mountains
d) Mountains, atmosphere, and forests
Answer: a) Ice, vapor, and groundwater

18. Which layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: b) Stratosphere

19. What is the primary function of the troposphere?

a) Shielding Earth from UV radiation
b) Absorbing and redistributing heat from the sun
c) Providing habitat for aquatic life
d) Hosting the ozone layer
Answer: b) Absorbing and redistributing heat from the sun

20. What atmospheric layer is responsible for the auroras (northern and southern lights)?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: d) Thermosphere

21. What is the primary function of the mesosphere?

a) Weather regulation
b) Dissipation of energy from meteors
c) Ozone layer protection
d) Space travel
Answer: b) Dissipation of energy from meteors

22. What atmospheric layer is where most weather phenomena occur, including rain, snow, and storms?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: a) Troposphere

23. What is the primary function of the exosphere?

a) Hosting life forms
b) Regulating climate
c) Transitioning into outer space
d) Shielding from UV radiation
Answer: c) Transitioning into outer space

24. Which layer of Earth's atmosphere is vital for shielding life on Earth from harmful UV radiation?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: b) Stratosphere

25. What is the primary focus of the study of the biosphere?

a) Geological processes
b) Interactions of living organisms
c) The atmosphere
 d) Human activities
Answer: b) Interactions of living organisms

These questions cover the important points from the lecture about the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and
biosphere. Please note that the format is for multiple choice, and you can adapt them as needed.

Certainly! Here's a 20-item multiple-choice test based on the lecture about "Biodiversity: The Variety of
Life on Earth and Its Importance," along with the answer key:

1. What does biodiversity refer to?

a) Only the diversity of species
b) The variety of living organisms and ecosystems
c) Genetic variation within species
d) Ecosystems found on Earth

Answer: b) The variety of living organisms and ecosystems

2. Why are diverse ecosystems considered more resilient?

a) They are more aesthetically pleasing
b) They are less affected by climate change
c) They can recover from disturbances more effectively
d) They have fewer species

Answer: c) They can recover from disturbances more effectively

3. What services do biodiverse ecosystems provide?

a) Electricity and transportation
b) Internet and telecommunications
c) Clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation
d) Law enforcement and security

Answer: c) Clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation

4. Why is biodiversity important for agriculture?

a) It's not important for agriculture
b) Biodiversity has no impact on crop production
c) It provides genetic diversity for crop resistance and adaptability
d) It's essential for producing only a few crop varieties

Answer: c) It provides genetic diversity for crop resistance and adaptability

5. How does biodiversity contribute to dietary diversity?

a) It doesn't affect dietary diversity
b) Biodiversity leads to a limited diet
c) It allows for diverse diets with various plant and animal species
d) It only affects vegetarian diets

Answer: c) It allows for diverse diets with various plant and animal species
6. What role does biodiversity play in drug discovery?
a) It's not related to drug discovery
b) Biodiversity is the source of all drugs
c) Biodiversity is essential for discovering new drugs and treatments
d) All drugs are synthetic and not derived from biodiversity

Answer: c) Biodiversity is essential for discovering new drugs and treatments

7. What does biodiversity provide insights into?

a) Social sciences
b) Philosophy
c) The evolution, adaptation, and ecological interactions of different species
d) History

Answer: c) The evolution, adaptation, and ecological interactions of different species

8. In what ways does biodiversity contribute to cultural heritage?

a) It has no connection to culture
b) It's only relevant in Western cultures
c) Biodiversity is deeply intertwined with the cultural identity and traditions of some communities
d) It's purely a scientific concept

Answer: c) Biodiversity is deeply intertwined with the cultural identity and traditions of some
communities

9. What type of economic activities does biodiversity contribute to?

a) Biodiversity is not related to economic activities
b) Arts and entertainment
c) Industries like agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and tourism
d) Space exploration

Answer: c) Industries like agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and tourism

10. What is the role of genetic diversity in biodiversity?

a) Genetic diversity is not relevant in biodiversity
b) It's only important in medical research
c) It contributes to genetic modification
d) Genetic diversity is crucial for developing new crop varieties and adapting to environmental changes

Answer: d) Genetic diversity is crucial for developing new crop varieties and adapting to environmental
changes

11. How do diverse ecosystems contribute to carbon storage?

a) Diverse ecosystems have no impact on carbon storage
b) They release carbon into the atmosphere
c) Diverse ecosystems sequester and store carbon, helping mitigate climate change
d) Only forests contribute to carbon storage
 Answer: c) Diverse ecosystems sequester and store carbon, helping mitigate climate change

12. What is the role of predators in maintaining ecological balance?

a) Predators don't play a role in ecological balance
b) They help in controlling prey populations and maintaining ecological balance
c) Predators are irrelevant in ecosystems
d) Predators disrupt ecological balance

Answer: b) They help in controlling prey populations and maintaining ecological balance

13. What do we call a linear sequence that shows the transfer of energy and nutrients in an ecosystem?
a) Ecological web
b) Ecosystem cycle
c) Food chain
d) Genetic code

Answer: c) Food chain

14. How is a food web different from a food chain?

a) A food web is a simplified version of a food chain
b) They are the same thing
c) A food web shows the complex interactions of multiple food chains in an ecosystem
d) A food web only includes aquatic species

Answer: c) A food web shows the complex interactions of multiple food chains in an ecosystem

15. Why is maintaining ecological balance important for ecosystems?

a) It doesn't matter in maintaining ecosystems
b) It prevents the overgrowth of all species
c) It leads to overpopulation and resource depletion
d) It ensures the health and stability of ecosystems

Answer: d) It ensures the health and stability of ecosystems

16. What natural mechanisms help regulate population sizes and maintain ecological balance?
a) None
b) Climate change
c) Predation, disease, competition, and resource availability
d) Pesticides

Answer: c) Predation, disease, competition, and resource availability

17. How can human activities impact ecological balance in ecosystems?

a) Human activities have no impact on ecological balance
b) They enhance ecological balance
c) Human activities can disrupt ecological balance through habitat destruction, pollution, and
overexploitation
 d) Human activities only affect aquatic ecosystems

Answer: c) Human activities can disrupt ecological balance through habitat destruction, pollution, and
overexploitation

18. What is the first step toward

the preservation of biodiversity?

a) Ignoring the value of biodiversity
b) Recognizing the value of biodiversity
c) Enhancing urbanization
d) Protecting only a few species

Answer: b) Recognizing the value of biodiversity

19. What does the term "biosphere" encompass?

a) Only human-made environments
b) All living organisms and their environments on Earth
c) The Earth's atmosphere
d) Only terrestrial ecosystems

Answer: b) All living organisms and their environments on Earth

20. What are interactions within ecosystems fundamental to?

a) Cultural heritage
b) Economic activities
c) The functioning and sustainability of ecosystems
d) Climate regulation

Answer: c) The functioning and sustainability of ecosystems

This multiple-choice test is designed to assess your knowledge of the lecture on biodiversity, ecosystems,
food chains, and the balance of life on Earth. Please adapt it as needed for your specific requirements.