DESALINATION

ELSEVIER Desalination 149 (2002) 199-203

www.elsevier.com/locate/desal

Treating dyeing waste water by ceramic membrane

in crossflow microfiltration

Li Xua*, Wenping Li”, Shuqun Lua, Zhi Wang”, Qixin Zhu”, Yi Lingb
“School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P R. China
Tel: +86-022-2789051.5, email: xuli620@eyou.com
hTianjin Qua@ Institute of Supervision and Inspection, Tianjin 300192, I?R. China

Received 1 February 2002; accepted 15 February 2002

Abstract

Much work has been done on the dyeing water treatment by a new method of the combination of crossflow
microfiltration, flocculation and ceramic membrane technique with some successful results caused by the
advantages of the combination. The kind of flocculation and its dosage are studied, which is used to treat some
wastewater. The best flocculation precepts are confirmed. And then, the effects on filtration rate are discussed.
The CODcr and absorbency of sulfur black wastewater after treatment are up to national grade about drain
wastewater. The CODcr and absorbency of 2,3-acidic wastewater and DSD acidic wastewater after treatment are
also descend. Compared with organic membrane, ceramic membrane has exceptional performance of cleaning
and regeneration. The results show that the dynamic filtration equipped with ceramic plate membrane as the
filtration membrane has great advantages, and wide application future has been shown in membrane separation.

Keywords: Flocculate; Wastewater treatment; Ceramic membrane; Crossflow filtration; Microfiltration

1. Introduction molecule organic, nitrite, ferrite, sulfide and so

on in the dyeing waste water, so it is diff%zult to
Industrial effluents cause mainly be treated [ 11. How to reduce its treatment cost
environmental pollution, as its high chemistry and make the grade as let off waste water, and
oxygen depleted (CODcr) and high build up a set of high performance membrane
chromaticity. There are many diminutive separator which can be use many times are
important facet in our study.
In this paper, much work has been done on
*Corresponding author

Presented at the International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOAl), Toulouse, France,
July 7-12, 2002

001 l-9164/02/$- See front matter 0 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
PII: SO0 I I-Y I64(02)0075Y-2
 L. Xu et al. /Desalination 149 (2002) 199-203

microfiltrate. Fig. 1 is the effect of disk rotary

rate on the filtration rate.
From Fig. 1, we can see that the higher the
disk rotary rate , the higher the filtration rate of
sulfur black waste water. When disk rotaty rate
at 800 r/min, the filtration rate of DSD acidic
waste water is drop-off. In theoretic analysis,
the cake thickness is thinned effectually when
the disk rotary rate is increased, but as selective
aggradation of grain and flocculation destroyed
by higher cut rate, the cake specific resistance is
increased when the disk rotary rate is high. The
Fig. 1. Effect of disk rotary rate on the filtration rate,
operation pressure at 0.1 MPa, temperature at 2OT. results of these two facets are interact, the
filtration rate is decreased with the disk rotary
rate increasing when the increase of the cake
07
specific resistance is higher than the decrease of
_- r
the cake thickness.

2.2. Effect of operation pressure on the

Jiltration rate

As disk rotary rate at 400 r/min, we use

ceramic membrane to treat flocculation DSD
acidic waste water and sulfur black waste water
in crossflow microfiltrate. Fig. 2 is the effect of
0.15 0 20 0.25
operation pressure on the filtration rate.
Gperatlon Pressure (MPa)
Fig. 2 shows that the filtration rate is
Fig. 2. Effect of operation pressure on the filtration decreased when the operation pressure is higher
rate, temperature at 20°C. or lower than 0.1 MPa, as operation pressure at
0.1 MPa, the filtration rate of waste water is the
highest [2]. The flocculation cake is
the dyeing water treatment by a new method of compressed as increased operation pressure, so
the combination of crossflow microfiltration, that the cake porosity is decreased. The cake
flocculation and ceramic membrane technique specific resistance is high, it goes against the
with some successful results caused by the filtration rate increased.
advantages of the combination.
2.3. Comparison with dynamic filtration and
dead-endj?ltration
2. Waste water filtration rate
We treat flocculation DSD acidic waste
2.1. Effect of disk rotary rate on the filtration water and sulfur black waste water in crossflow
rate microfiltrate and in dead-end filtration. Table 1
is the ratio of dynamic filtration rate to dead-
As operation pressure P = 0.1 MPa, ceramic end filtration rate, which disk rotary rate are
membrane are used to treat flocculation DSD 400 r/min and 0 r/min. Table 1 shows that
acidic waste water (a kind of mid produce) and dynamic filtration rate is higher than dead-end
sulfur black waste water in crossflow filtration rate.
 L. Xu et al. /Desalination 149 (2002) 199-203 201

Table 1
Filtration rate comparison between dynamic filtration and dead-end filtration

Ratio of dynamic filtration Sulfur black waste water DSD acidic waste water
rate to dead-end filtration rate
0.05 MPa 0.10 MPa 0.15 MPa 0.20 MPa 0.10 MPa

1.O urn ceramic membrane 1.27 3.59 2.71 3.12 1.67

1.5 pm ceramic membrane 1.44 3.75 2.47 2.94 1.70
0.8 urn PET membrane 2.94 5.23 3.65 4.20 2.53

Table 2
CODcr and A(absorbency) of waste water after treatment

Operating condition 1.O pm Ceramic membrane 1.5 urn Ceramic membrane 0.8 urn PET membrane

Operation Rotary rate CODcr A down CODcr A down CODcr A down

pressure (r.min-‘) (mg.T’) W) (mg.lT’) (%) (mg.F’) W)
(MPa)

Sulfur black waste water

0.1 0 154 93.3 160 94.4
100 157 96.0 145 96.1
400 141 96.8 135 96.9
800 162 96.5 148 96.5
0.05 400 160 96.3 159 96.7
0.1 141 96.8 135 96.9
0.15 150 95.1 156 95.1
0.2 244 83.4 228 84.2

2,3-acidic waste water

0.1 0 576 44.1 592 43.5 564 44.3
50 622 40.1 664 39.8 610 41.2
100 696 42.2 714 41.9 668 43.1
400 729 39.6 734 39.4 717 40.0

DSD acidic waste water

0.1 0 636 32.1 636 32.0
100 610 32.0 567 32.0
400 662 33.5 646 31.9
800 667 33.3 572 32.0

Table 3
Variation of membrane resistance during the treatment of sulfur black waste water, operation pressure at 0.1 MPa, disk
rotary rate at 400 r/min, temperature at 20°C

Membrane resistance (x 10” me’) Cycles ~__

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th

1.5 urn Ceramic membrane 0.98 0.98 0.79 0.81 1.11 1 0.92
0.8 urn PET membrane 0.96 3.55 9.44 13.11 17.11 18 19.88
202 L. Xu et al. /Desalination 149 (2002) 199-203

Fig. 3 is the effect of operation pressure on

the CODcr of sulfur black waste water, the disk
rotary rate is 400 r/min. Fig. 3 shows that the
filtration efficiency of sulfur black wastewater
is the best at the operation pressure 0.1 MPa.
Under operation pressure 0.1 MPa, ceramic
membrane which hole diameter is 1 .O pm are
used to treat flocculation DSD acidic waste
water and sulfur black waste water in crossflow
120 1 I
0.00 0 05 010 015 0.20 0.25 microfiltrate. Fig. 4 is the effect of disk rotary
Operation pressure (M P a) rate on the filtrate CODcr.
From Fig. 4, the CODcr of sulfur black
Fig. 3. Curves of operation pressure via filtrate CODcr, wastewater and DSD wastewater is not affected
disk rotary rate at 400 r/min, temperature at 20°C. on the disk rotary rate. The higher the disk
rotary rate, the worse the filtrate CODcr of 2,3-
acid wastewater. The reason is that the
flocculation’s anti-cut capacity of sulfur black
wastewater and DSD wastewater are better than
-a-- SUliUr blsckwatie waler
that of 2,3-acid wastewater.

4. Regeneration of ceramic membrane

?OCi
l--=------_. -.
0'
0 200 400 600
Disk tntary rate
Fig. 4. Curves of disk rotary rate via filtrate CODcr,
operation pressure at 0.1 MPa, temperature at 20°C.
3. Treatment effect of waste water
Under various operating conditions, we deal
with flocculation DSD acidic waste water and
sulfur black waste water and 2,3-acidic waste
water in crossflow microfiltrate with ceramic
membrane and PET membrane. Table 1 is the
results of chemical oxygen consumption CODcr
of waste water and shelter ray degree
A(absorbency) of waste water.
From Table 2, the CODcr and A of sulfur
black waste water after treatment are measure
up to national grade standard about drain waste
water [3]. The CODcr and A of 2,3-acidic waste
water and DSD acidic waste water after
treatment are also descend.
I
We treat sulfur black waste water by ceramic
I
800 100~1 membrane and PET membrane in crossflow
(rmn"j microfiltration. After 10 hour filtration,
washing of the membrane to measure
membrane resistance, then continuation of the
filtration to recur in cycles. Table 3 is the
variation of membrane resistance during this
operation process. Table 3 shows that the
organic membrane resistance is auxesis and the
ceramic membrane resistance is not variety with
using times. Compared with organic membrane,
ceramic membrane has exceptional
performance of cleaning and regeneration.
5. Conclusions
- The higher the disk rotary rate, the higher
the filtration rate of sulfur black waste water.
When disk rotaty rate at 800 r/min, the
filtration rate of DSD acidic waste water is
drop-off.
- As operation pressure at 0.1 MPa, the
filtration rate of waste water is the highest.
 L. Xu et al. /Desalination
- Dynamic filtration rate is higher than dead-
end filtration rate.
- The CODcr and A of sulfur black waste
water after treatment are up to national grade
about drain waste water. The CODcr and A
of 2,3-acidic waste water and DSD acidic
waste water after treatment are also descend.
- Compared with organic membrane, ceramic
membrane has exceptional performance of
cleaning and regeneration.
- Practical exploration is made in handling
waste water mixed with flocculent of dying
and dye intermediate. The advantages of
handling waste water of industry with rotary
filter press are proved by experiments. The
results show that the dynamic filter equipped
with ceramic plate membrane as the
filtration membrane has great advantages.
Wide application future has been shown in
membrane separation.
149 (2002) 199-203 203
References
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VI W. Li and Q. Zhu, Studies on filtration
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