FORENSIC

PHOTOGRAPHY
The different types of camera

Submitted by: Group 1

Team Leader - Geena J. Calendro

· Angelene Logong
· Rechelle Garcia
· Aiza belandres
· Myla Cabaya
· Johanna mae Paracale
· Rhea Himan
· Jerald Zarate
· Luie Jay Manuel

Submitted to : Mr. Arnel Falcis

6. Single Lens Reflex (SLR)

A single-lens reflex camera (SLR) is a camera that typically uses a mirror and prism
system (hence "reflex" from the mirror's reflection) that permits the photographer to view through
the lens and see exactly what will be captured. With twin lens reflex and rangefinder cameras, the
viewed image could be significantly different from the final image. When the shutter button is
pressed on most SLRs, the mirror flips out of the light path, allowing light to pass through to the
light receptor and the image to be captured.

History

The history of the single-lens reflex camera (SLR) begins with the use of a reflex mirror
in a camera obscura described in 1676, but it took a long time for the design to succeed for
photographic cameras. The first patent was granted in 1861, and the first cameras were produced
in 1884, but while elegantly simple in concept, they were very complex in practice. One by one
these complexities were overcome as optical and mechanical technology advanced, and in the
1960s the SLR camera became the preferred design for many high-end camera formats. The
advent of digital point-and-shoot cameras in the 1990s through the 2010s with LCD viewfinder
displays reduced the appeal of the SLR for the low end of the market. The mirrorless
interchangeable-lens camera is increasingly challenging the mid-price range market. But the SLR
remains the camera design of choice for most professional and ambitious amateur photographers.
Cross-section view of a typical 35mm SLR camera:

1 – Front-mount Lens

2 – Reflex mirror

3 – Focal plane shutter

4 – 135 film or 35mm format sensor

5 – Focusing screen

6 – Condensing lens

7 – Pentaprism

8 – Eyepiece
Past mmodels

 Medium format SLR by Hasselblad (Model 1600F), Sweden

 Medium format SLR by Bronica (Model S2), Japan. Bronica's later model—the Bronica EC
—was the first medium format SLR camera to use an electrically operated focal-plane
shutter
 The 1952 (Pentax) Asahiflex, Japan's first single-lens reflex camera.
 The Contaflex III a single-lens reflex camera from West Germany from 1957, with additional
115 mm lens
 The 35 mm film-based Nikon F, 1959, the world's second single-lens reflex system camera.
The first was Kamera-Werke's Praktina.
 Canon Pellix, 1965, the first camera to incorporate a stationary pellicle mirror.
 The Pentax Spotmatic IIa, 1971
 Olympus The 35 mm film-based Olympus OM-2 (1975), which was the first SLR to measure
light for electronic flash off the film plane.
 Casio RF2 35 mm film SLR
 Nikon F5 professional SLR, 1996
 Digital SLR Nikon D200 and a Nikon film sscanner
 Zenit, a Russian brand. SLR without lens kit
 Cross section of SLR camera.

7. Digital camera

A digital camera is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory. Most cameras
produced today are digital, largely replacing those that capture images on photographic film.
Digital cameras are now widely incorporated into mobile devices like smartphones with the same
or more capabilities and features of dedicated cameras (which are still available). High-end, high-
definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals and those who desire to
take higher-quality photographs.