ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway

Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
1

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES
To really understand something, it's important to look at both ideas from other places

and those closer to home. Foreign studies and literature give us a wider view, letting us

compare and see things from different cultures. On the other hand, local studies and

literature help us understand our own community better, looking at our history and

society. By looking at both, we get a full picture, seeing how global ideas connect with

our own experiences. This helps us understand things better and make smarter choices.

I. Local Literature

According to Kenneth L. Maslang, Ivan D. Baguilat, Darwin Don M. Dacles and

Sherwin A. Marciano, (2022), who emphasize the importance of a friendly and caring

school environment in ensuring that students are not harmed physically, emotionally, and

intellectually. It's evident that safety extends beyond mere physical security. This

underscores the significance of not only implementing security measures but also

fostering a supportive and nurturing atmosphere within educational institutions. By

creating an environment where students feel valued, respected, and protected, schools can

proactively address various forms of harm and promote overall well-being. Thus, the

development of the Room Security System at AICS Montalban aligns with this broader

goal of creating a safe, inclusive, and caring educational environment, where the physical

security provided by the system complements the emotional and intellectual safety

fostered by a supportive school community.

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
2

According to Jay Amistoso, Jonathan O. Etcuban, Eddie Llamedo et al., (2019),

Performance monitoring and evaluation is a process that helps improve performance and

achieve results. This concept of performance improvement aligns with the overarching

goal of developing a Room Security System for AICS Montalban, which aims to enhance

safety and security within educational settings. By utilizing advanced technology and

user-centered design principles, the research seeks to not only monitor but also improve

the security measures in place, thereby contributing to a safer learning environment.

Furthermore, the emphasis on performance monitoring and evaluation underscores the

importance of continuous improvement and adaptation in response to evolving security

challenges and user needs. Through systematic evaluation and feedback mechanisms, the

Room Security System can be refined over time to better meet the requirements of

students and faculty while ensuring optimal performance and effectiveness.

According to Jennilyn C. Mina, and Januaryn Jose B. Aydinan et al., (2020),

some areas still need enhancement because there are other uncontrollable variables, such

as low human adaptation in both psychological and physical aspects, that must be

considered and given much attention. This observation emphasizes the complexity of

implementing security measures within educational settings, where factors beyond

technological solutions, such as human behavior and adaptation, play a significant role.

In the context of developing a Room Security System for AICS Montalban,

understanding and addressing these variables become essential for ensuring the

effectiveness and acceptance of the system. Therefore, while advanced technology can

enhance security measures, it is crucial to consider the human element and its impact on
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
3

the overall security environment. By acknowledging and addressing these factors, the

Room Security System can be designed and implemented in a way that effectively

addresses the multifaceted challenges of ensuring safety and security in educational

institutions.

According to Michael Bryan P. Lumaban, Giged T. Battung, (2020), Closed-

Circuit Television (CCTV) is a device generally used for security, and it is widely

installed and utilized in shopping malls, grocery stores, offices, industries, housing,

factories, transportation units, and other public places. This widespread adoption of

CCTV underscores its effectiveness as a security tool across various sectors, highlighting

its potential relevance in educational settings as well. Considering the importance of

security in educational environments, the integration of CCTV cameras into the Room

Security System for AICS Montalban could provide an additional layer of surveillance

and deterrence against security threats. Moreover, the utilization of CCTV cameras aligns

with the research's objective of prioritizing security while enhancing user experience and

privacy, as it offers a tangible solution to address the identified lack of security inside

classrooms. By leveraging CCTV technology within the Room Security System,

educational institutions can better monitor and manage security concerns, thereby

contributing to a safer learning environment for students and faculty alike.

According to Jeson J. Galgo, (2020), one of the most useful gadgets anyone is using

nowadays is the smartphone. Smartphones have become essential tools that offer a wide

range of functionalities beyond communication, including internet access, multimedia

capabilities, productivity apps, and various other utilities. With their portability and
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
4

versatility, smartphones have revolutionized the way individuals interact with technology,

providing convenient solutions for everyday tasks and activities. Moreover, the

widespread adoption of smartphones has facilitated connectivity and information access

on a global scale, empowering users to stay informed, connected, and productive

regardless of their location. Integrating smartphone compatibility into the Room Security

System for AICS Montalban could leverage this essential technology to enhance user

engagement, accessibility, and convenience, thereby improving the overall effectiveness

and acceptance of the security solution. By harnessing the capabilities of smartphones

within the system, educational institutions can utilize modern technology to address

security concerns while promoting user-centricity and adaptability in the educational

environment.

II. Local Studies

According to Noel Sobejana and Richie Susada, (2021), the study wanted to

develop an android -based classroom monitoring system for teacher using QR code

technology for classroom management of the institutions administration and easy access

of information for report generation regularly. Unlike traditional surveillance systems,

which may raise privacy and ethical concerns, this system utilizes QR code technology to

enhance security while respecting the dignity and privacy of students and teachers. By

leveraging QR codes, the system allows for easy access to information for both classroom

management and administrative purposes. This innovative approach not only improves

security measures but also promotes transparency and accountability within the

educational community. Additionally, the integration of QR code technology offers a

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
5

user-friendly interface, ensuring smooth operation and widespread acceptance among

users at AICS Montalban.

According to Marielet Guillermo, Rogelio Ruzcko Tobias et al., (2023), while

there are reinforcements of laws, and common practices taught, these are no more than

just band-aid solutions to the problem. Their assertion aligns with the need for a

comprehensive approach to addressing security concerns in educational settings, as

highlighted in the development of a tailored Room Security System for AICS Montalban.

As outlined in the study's objectives, the Room Security System aims to bridge the gap

between security needs and user preferences while ensuring adherence to relevant laws

and regulations governing surveillance and data privacy. This holistic approach

acknowledges the limitations of traditional security measures and emphasizes the

importance of integrating advanced technology with user-centered design principles to

create a robust yet user-friendly solution. By actively engaging with student preferences

and concerns regarding privacy and security implications, the research seeks to develop a

system that not only enhances safety but also fosters a culture of trust and transparency

within the educational community.

According to Brian Chris H. Barte, Joshel L. Catugal, Clifford A. Largo, Le

Brixs J. Paglinawan, Teopisto Y. Culanag Jr. & Jose F. Cuevas Jr., (2022), which

stress the inclusive nature of safety encompassing students, staff, and all individuals

present at the premises, it's evident that security measures must be comprehensive and

considerate of everyone within the educational environment. This underscores the

importance of developing a Room Security System that not only addresses the specific
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
6

needs and preferences of students and teachers but also ensures the safety and privacy of

all individuals within the school premises. By taking a holistic approach to security, the

system aims to create a sense of collective responsibility and protection, fostering a

supportive and inclusive educational community. Therefore, the Room Security System at

AICS Montalban seeks to provide not only physical security but also a sense of safety

and belonging for all members of the school community, aligning with the broader goal

of promoting a caring and nurturing educational environment.

According to Arman Bernard G. Santos, Neil P. Balba, Corazon B. Rebong,

(2021), regarding the widespread use of computers in various aspects of life, it is evident

that technology plays a significant role in enhancing efficiency and security across

different domains. In the context of educational institutions like AICS Montalban,

leveraging computer technology becomes essential not only for academic purposes but

also for ensuring the safety and well-being of students and staff. Integrating advanced

computing capabilities into the Room Security System allows for the implementation of

sophisticated security measures while maintaining user-friendly interfaces and robust

privacy protocols. This underscores the importance of technological innovation in

addressing contemporary security challenges in educational settings, aligning with the

overarching goal of creating safer and more conducive learning environments. Therefore,

by harnessing the power of computer technology, the Room Security System aims to

provide comprehensive protection and peace of mind for all members of the AICS

Montalban community, contributing to a culture of safety, trust, and academic excellence.

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
7

According to Dominador M. Acasamoso; Ernie C. Avila; Spenzer Vargas, (2021),

it is evident that ensuring the safety and security of students within educational

environments contributes significantly to their ability to attend classes regularly and

engage actively in learning. A Room Security System designed to protect students and

teachers in classrooms not only addresses safety concerns but also fosters an environment

conducive to regular attendance and active participation. Students are more likely to

attend classes with a sense of security and trust in their educational institution, knowing

that measures are in place to safeguard their well-being. By integrating advanced

technology and user-centered design principles into the Room Security System,

educational institutions like AICS Montalban can promote attendance, academic success,

and a sense of belonging among students, thereby enriching the overall school

community.

III. Foreign Literature

According to Matthew J. Mayer, Amanda B. Nickerson, and Shane R. Jimerson,

(2021), school safety is necessary for children and youth in schools to learn and

experience a positive developmental trajectory. It emphasizes that ensuring safety in

schools is not only essential for academic progress but also for facilitating positive

developmental trajectories among students. This aligns with the overarching objective of

the research, which aims to develop a Room Security System tailored to the specific

needs of educational institutions like AICS Montalban. By prioritizing security measures

while respecting privacy and dignity, the study endeavors to contribute to the promotion

of school safety and the prevention of violence. Furthermore, the findings of the study
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
8

will not only inform the development of the Room Security System but also advance

contemporary scholarship and practices in enhancing safety within educational settings,

thereby benefiting students, teachers, and administrators alike.

According to Kaiko Mubita, (2021), educational environments must be safe and

secure spaces for learners, teachers, non-teaching staff and the local community. This

assertion aligns with the overarching objective of the research, which aims to develop a

Room Security System tailored to the specific needs of educational institutions like AICS

Montalban. By prioritizing security measures while respecting the dignity and privacy of

all stakeholders, the study endeavors to contribute to the creation of safe and conducive

learning environments. Furthermore, the development of the Room Security System, as

informed by user preferences and concerns, reflects a commitment to fostering a culture

of trust and transparency within educational communities. Ultimately, by addressing

safety concerns through innovative solutions, the research aims to promote positive

developmental trajectories and enhance the overall educational experience.

According to Maslin Binti Masrom, Abdelsalam H. Busalim, Hassan Abuhassna

& Nik Hasnaa Nik Mahmood, (2021), The children of the twenty-first century are

technology-oriented, and thus their learning style differs from previous generations. This

observation underscores the evolving nature of educational needs and the imperative to

adapt teaching methods to accommodate technological advancements. Aligning with this

understanding, the development of the Room Security System reflects a proactive

approach to addressing contemporary challenges in educational environments. By

integrating advanced technology, the system not only enhances security but also resonates
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
9

with the tech-savvy learning preferences of today's students. Therefore, the study seeks to

bridge the gap between traditional security measures and the evolving needs of modern

learners, ensuring that educational spaces remain conducive to effective teaching and

learning.

According to Aljuaid Turkea Ayedh M, Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab, and

Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, (2023), privacy and security requirements define the security

standards that policies and technologies in the Room Security System context should

meet. Standard terms include confidentiality, integrity, availability, non-repudiation,

authentication, privacy preservation, and attack detection. Incorporating these standards

into the design and implementation of the Room Security System is paramount to

ensuring its effectiveness and compliance with ethical and legal principles. By adhering

to these principles, the system can uphold the fundamental rights to privacy and dignity

while maintaining a high level of security and trust within the educational community.

Thus, the study aims to integrate these privacy and security requirements into the

development process, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding sensitive data and

fostering a culture of responsible data management and usage.

According to Daniel Oloo Ong’ong’a, (2021), it is stated that the online digital

platform has become an integral part of daily life, it's evident that technology permeates

various aspects of society, including education. With the increasing integration of

technology into educational settings, ensuring privacy and security becomes paramount,

especially in systems like the Room Security System being developed. As educational

institutions embrace digital platforms for learning and management, they must also
 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
10

address concerns related to data privacy, security, and ethical use, aligning with the

broader societal shift towards digitalization. Therefore, the development of the Room

Security System not only addresses immediate safety concerns but also reflects broader

trends in leveraging technology to enhance educational experiences while safeguarding

privacy and security.

IV. Foreign Studies

According to Miloud Bagaa, Tarik Taleb et al., (2020), we describe some

additional research challenges that are envisaged to be addressed by our security

framework. Among these challenges is the need to develop robust authentication

mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access to the Room Security System, ensuring that

only authorized individuals can interact with sensitive data and system functionalities.

Additionally, our research focuses on addressing scalability concerns to accommodate

future expansions and updates to the security infrastructure, ensuring that the Room

Security System remains effective and relevant in evolving educational environments.

Moreover, we aim to enhance the system's resilience against cyber threats and attacks by

implementing proactive monitoring and threat detection mechanisms, safeguarding

against potential vulnerabilities and ensuring continuous protection of sensitive

information. By addressing these challenges, our security framework aims to provide a

comprehensive and adaptive solution to enhance safety and privacy within educational

settings while supporting the diverse needs and requirements of stakeholders.

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
11

According to M. Shamim Hossain, Ghulam Muhammad et al., (2020), the 5G

wireless network consists of three main pillars that aim to provide low latency, faster

bitrate, and a large number of Internet of Things (IoT) handling. These pillars include

enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC),

and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Integration of 5G technology

into the Room Security System holds significant potential to enhance connectivity,

responsiveness, and data transfer speeds, enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of

security-related events. Leveraging the capabilities of 5G networks, the Room Security

System can support a higher volume of connected devices, facilitate seamless

communication between sensors and central monitoring stations, and enable rapid

deployment of security updates and patches. By harnessing the power of 5G technology,

educational institutions can enhance their security infrastructure, improve incident

response times, and adapt to emerging security threats in a dynamic and interconnected

environment.

According to Shreyak Sawhney, Karan Kacker et al., (2019), authentication is an

important issue in this system. Ensuring secure authentication mechanisms is crucial for

preventing unauthorized access and maintaining the integrity of the Room Security

System. Robust authentication protocols, such as biometric verification or multi-factor

authentication, can enhance the system's security by requiring users to provide multiple

forms of identification before granting access. Additionally, implementing encryption

techniques to protect authentication credentials during transmission and storage further

strengthens the system's security posture. By prioritizing authentication security

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
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measures, the Room Security System can effectively safeguard sensitive data and ensure

that only authorized individuals have access to critical resources and functionalities.

According to Moez Krichen, Seifeddine Mechti et al., (2020), the reliance on

expert-provided rules underscores the importance of leveraging domain knowledge and

experience to ensure the effectiveness and accuracy of the Room Security System. By

incorporating rules derived from experts in security, surveillance, and educational

environments, we aim to enhance the system's ability to address specific threats and

challenges encountered within classroom settings. These rules serve as guidelines for

decision-making processes, enabling the system to respond promptly and appropriately to

security incidents or anomalous activities. Moreover, the iterative refinement of rules

based on real-world feedback and evolving security needs allows for continuous

improvement and adaptation of the system over time. Through collaboration with experts

and ongoing validation of rule efficacy, we strive to develop a Room Security System that

effectively safeguards educational environments while respecting privacy and promoting

a conducive learning atmosphere.

According to Abdulrahman Ihsan Abdulla, Ahmad Sinali Abdulraheem et al.,

(2020), it is easy for users to access this application regardless of their location if they are

inside the school premises. This accessibility feature ensures that authorized individuals,

such as students, teachers, and administrative staff, can utilize the Room Security System

efficiently from various points within the educational facility. By enabling seamless

access, the system enhances convenience and usability, facilitating quick responses to

security incidents or monitoring requirements. Additionally, this accessibility promotes

 ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
Montalban Town Center, E. Rodriguez Highway
Barangay San Jose, Rodriguez, Rizal
13

active engagement with the security protocols and features of the system, empowering

users to contribute effectively to maintaining a safe and secure learning environment.

Through user-friendly access mechanisms, the Room Security System reinforces the

collaborative efforts of stakeholders in upholding safety standards and promoting a

conducive educational atmosphere.