PROSE AND POETRY

I’m not in the mood for that.

How about we see the new

horror movie?
 Genre
A broad term from French word to
mean “Kind” or “Type”

In entertainment this can

translate to horror, comedy,
fiction or non-fiction and
others.
In literature there are some more
defined genres.

It is important to know which genre a

piece of work falls into because the
reader will already have expectations.

GENRE in broad term refers to any sort

of work that share certain
characteristics.
POETRY
Written in lines and stanzas
instead of sentences and
paragraphs.
Some poems follow strict rules
Many poems are much more
free-flowing
Figurative Language
 The road not taken
by Robert Frost
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair,

And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
 Epic Poetry
Long narrative poetry chronicling heroic deeds and
serious subject matter

Beowulf, a hero of the Geats,

comes to the aid of Hrothgar,
the king of the Danes,
whose mead hall in Heorot
has been under attack by a
monster known as Grendel.
Multiply
Mind Game
Close Minded
Dark Secret
Master Mind
Just between me and you
 Elements of Poetry
 Rhythm – the flow of sound produced by the
language. In many poems something repeating in the
rhythm, this rhythm is called meter.

The Passionate Shepherd to His Love

By Christopher Marlowe (pg. 62-64)

Come live with me and be my love

And we will all the pleasures prove
That valleys, groves, hills, and fields,
Woods or steepy mountain yields.
 Sounds and Forms – authors often use the sounds of
words to create effects in their poems. Rhyme is the
most common way of creating poetic form. Poetry
with no rhyme scheme and no meter is called free
verse.
We Alone
By Alice Walker (pg. 17) So much the worse for you

We alone can devalue gold Feathers, shells,

By not caring
If it falls or rises
In the marketplace.
Wherever there is gold
There is chain, you know,
And if your chain is gold
And sea-shaped stones
Are all as rare
This could be our revolution:
To love what is plentiful
As much as
What is scarce.
 Imagery – refers to the sensations that language
creates in the mind. These sensations or images are
often thought of as being like pictures. But images are
not limited to visual sensations.

The Road Not Taken

By Robert Frost (pg. 70)

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,

And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down once as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
 Kinds of Poetry
 1. Narrative Poetry - tells story, is of 3 kinds:
Epic, Ballad and Metrical Tale.
➢ Epic – a long narrative poem, elevated in style
and dignified in tone of the adventures of
legendary heroes.
➢ Ballad – a simple narrative poem often meant
for singing, characterized by simplicity of
language and usually dealing with basic
subjects such as love, horror or death.
➢ Metrical Tale – is a medieval tale in verse from
dealing with heroic or marvelous achievements
of knights in shining armor and of fair ladies in
distress.
 2. Lyric Poetry – is a poem which is intended to
be sung. A brief poem that expresses emotions
and ideas of the narrator. Ode, elegy, song,
sonnet and idyll are the types of lyric poetry.
➢ Ode – is a lyric poem about subject written
when the poet is at the height of his emotions.
(e.g. Ode to Rainbow by Sappho)
➢ Elegy – is a poetic lament for the dead
(e.g. The Last Lonely Days by Prasenjit Banerjee)
➢ Song – is a lyric poem set to music
➢ Idyll is a descriptive poem of rural or pastoral
character which expresses the poet’s feeling of
his immediate landscape. Suggests a mood of
peace. (e.g. You by Anonymous)
➢ Sonnet – a poem of fourteen lines using any of
a number of formal rhyme schemes.
(e.g. Sonnet 29)
 3. Dramatic Poetry – classified into poetic plays
which in turn are of 7 types namely: comedy,
tragedy, dramatic history, farce and melodrama,
masque and dramatic monologue.
➢Comedy – a dramatic play of light and humorous
character, typically with a cheerful and happy
ending.

➢Tragedy – a dramatic play portraying the struggle

of a strong willed protagonist against fate.

➢Dramatic Poetry – a dramatic play dealing with a

past historical event.

➢Farce – a light dramatic composition marked by

broadly satirical comedy and improbable plot.
➢Melodrama – a dramatic composition
characterized by extravagant theatricality and by
the predominance of plot and physical action over
characterization.

➢Masque – a short allegorical entertainment

popular with courtly audience in 16th and 17th
century England consisting of pantomime and
dancing by elaborate staging and costuming, the
use of dance and song and very little dialogue.

➢Dramatic Monologue – a dramatic composition in

verse form having one speaker only.
Prose
 Kinds of Prose
 1. Prose Fiction – A prose narrative in which
situations and characters are invented by the
writer. Some aspects of a fictional work may be
based on fact or experience.
➢ Novel – a book-length work of prose-fiction, usually
with a complicated plot and numerous characters. It
has more scope that a short story in its presentation of
plot, character, setting and theme.

➢ Short Story - a brief, fictional narrative that usually can

be read in one setting. It is a narrative that compressed
into one unit of time, place and action.

➢ Prose Allegory – a prose form which things and actions

are symbolic.

➢ Prose Romance – a prose from charaterized by exotic

adventure rather than by realistic depiction of
character and scene. It deals with stories of love and
adventure.
➢ Mythology – an anonymous traditional story that deals
with the belief of certain people as to their gods,
goddesses and other supernatural beings to explain
the mysteries of the world.
➢ Legend – deals with the explanation of the origin of
things that has no factual bases.
➢ Folktale – traditional story handed down in their
written or oral form. It is a tale begun by the common
people of any land.
➢ Fable – a very brief story told to teach a lesson.
Animals and plants that act and speak like people
often the characters of fable.
 2. Prose Non-Fiction

➢ Essay – a short prose compostion expository in nature

that deals with any single subject. Its purpose is to
communicate an idea or opinion.
o Formal Essay is serious and impersonal
o Informal Essay entertains while it informs.
➢ Biography – account of a person’s life written by
someone.
➢ Autobiography – account of a person’s life written by
the author himself.
➢ Diary – daily written record or account of the writer’s
own experiences.
➢ Journal – a magazine or periodical especially of a
serious r learned nature.
 3. Other Prose Forms

➢ Historical Prose – dealing with historical events.

➢ Scientific Prose – dealing with the subject science.

➢ Satirical Prose – ridicules the vices and follies of men.

➢ Current Publications – books, magazines or newspaper.

➢ Literary Criticism – analysis, interpretation and evaluation

of literary works.
➢ Book Review – dealing with contents.

➢ Philosophy, Travel, Parody, Anecdote, Character

Sketch, Prable, Pamphlet, Eulogy, Speech ( Address,
Oration, Lecture, Talk, sermon)

 4. Modern Prose Drama – a prose form that is meant to

be presented on stage.
 Ode to Rainbow
By Philip
Oh Rainbow, you’re so colorful
A pinch of oil and water make other rainbows
Oh Rainbow you, make me smile
For the rest of my life
But when you’re gone, I get sad
Bu maybe one day , we can see each other again
 The Last Lonely Days
By Prasenjit Banerjee

Finally the moment came.

The last enormous effort to breathe out your life
The last heaves and sigh
Your mild eyes that were caressed by your eyelids
For the last time they were put to sleep
 You
We rest together by the sea
In a bower filled meadow on high,
And he shares musings intimately
While a magical breeze teems nearby
sliding through words through breath’s air
That enters my songs ,a beat that glides
As hearts lay bare on moon’s prayer,
For silence knows what love implies.