Paso 1 – contextualization de proyecto

Deisy Marcela Santos Renteria

Group 18
1004010493

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería
Teoría Electromagnética y Ondas
2023 16-01
Exercises development
Activity
Answers: (write with your own words)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Application exercise:
For the development of the following exercises, note that ¿ corresponds to the
group number and CCC to the last 3 digits of the identification number.

2
+¿=200mW /m ¿
1. An electromagnetic wave of f =¿ MHz and P1 travels through the air
( η 1=120 π Ω ≅ 377 Ω ) and collides perpendicularly on a plane wall of intrinsic
−¿ ¿
impedance η2=(CCC +20)Ω. Calculate the reflected power P1 and the
+¿¿
transmitted power P2 at the wall.

Figure 1: Propagation of “normal wave” in infinite medium.

Attention, for the calculations:
f =18 MHz
2

P+¿=200mW
1
/m ¿

η1=120 πΩ ≅ 377 Ω

η2= ( 493+20 ) Ω=513 Ω

−¿ ¿ +¿¿
Calculate the reflected power P1 and the transmitted power P2 at
the wall.
 reflection coefficient
η2−η1
T=
η2 +η1
513 Ω−377 Ω
T=
513 Ω+377 Ω
T =0.152820
  Reflectance
2
R=¿ T ¿
2
R=¿ 0.152820 ¿
R=0.02335=23.35 %
 Transmittance
TT =1−R
TT =1−23.35 %
TT =0.97665=97.66 %
 reflected power
+ ¿¿
−¿∨¿R∗P ¿
¿ P1 1

¿
¿
 transmitted power
+ ¿¿
+¿=TT ∗P ¿
P2 1

P+¿=97.66∗200mW
2
/m ¿

P+¿=195.33
2
mW /m ¿

Interpretation: According to the power concepts, explain the meaning

−¿ ¿ +¿¿
of the value obtained for P1 and P2 .
 2
+¿=200mW /m ¿
2. An electromagnetic wave of f =¿ MHz and P1 is emitted by a
generator through the air ( η air =120 π Ω ≅ 377 Ω ) and collides perpendicularly
on a wall of intrinsic impedance η wall =( CCC+ 20 ) Ω and 30cm thick.

Figure 2: Propagation of “normal wave” in finite medium.

f =18 MHz
2

P+¿=200mW
1
/m ¿

η1 air =120 πΩ ≅ 377 Ω

η2 air =( 493+20 ) Ω=513 Ω

30 Ω de 30 cm

a. Calculate the coefficient of reflection Γ and transmission τ seen by the

generator.
Phase constant
w y1
B=
C 0 y2
7
2 π (1.8∗1 0 hz )(120 πΩ)
B=
3∗1 08 m/s∗(513 Ω)
B=0.2770=0.27 rad /m

The input impedance as a function of distance is

η1+ j η2 tan ⁡( Bx)
nin=η 2
η2∗ j η1 tan ⁡( Bx)
120 πΩ+ j513 Ω tan ⁡(0.27 rad /m∗0.3)
nin=513 Ω
513 Ω+ j120 πΩ tan ⁡(0.27 rad /m∗0.3)
nin=378.18995+19.58297 i

Coefficient of reflection r ´1
´ nin−naire
r 1=
nin +naire
 ( 378.18995+19.58297 i ) Ω−120 πΩ
r ´1=
( 378.18995+19.58297 i ) Ω+120 πΩ
´
r 1=0.002258+0.025872 i

Coefficient of transmission Γ
Γ 1=1+|r ´1|
Γ 1=1+(0.002258+0.025872 i)
Γ 1=1.002258+ 0.02587 i

Trasmittance T 1
2
T 1=1−|r ´1|
2
T 1=1−( 1.002258+ 0.02587 )
T 1=0.999325

Reflectance R1
R1=1−T 1
R1=1−0.999325
R1=0.000674

b. Determine in [%] and [mW /m2] the power Pt that is transmitted to the receiver.
Coefficient of reflection

´ η2 −η1
r 2=
η 2 + η1

´ 120 πΩ−513 Ω
r 2=
120 πΩ+513 Ω
´
r 2=−0.152820

Coefficient of transmission
´
t 2=1+r 2

t 2=1+ (−0.1528 )

t 2=0.847179

Transmittance T
2
T 2=1−|r ´2|
 2
T 2=1−¿−0.152820∨¿ ¿

T 2=0.976645=97.68 %

Reflectance R

R2=1−|T 2|

R2=1−0.976645

R2=0.023350=23.35 %

Total transmitted power reaching the transmitter is

Tt =T 1∗T 2

Tt =0.9993∗0.9766

Tt =0.975987=97.59 %

Transmitted power

¿
 Interpretation: according to the concepts explored, explain the
meaning of the value obtained for Γ , τ and Pt .

3. An electromagnetic wave propagates through several mediums as shown

in the graph.

Figure 3: Propagation of “oblique wave” in finite media.

Initially the wave travels through the air and strikes the surface of the

( )
o
CCC
sweet water at an angle of a θ = + 20 with the surface. Using Snell's
20
Law, calculate step by step the total path of the wave until you find the
value of the angle θb .

Attention, for the calculations:

θ a=( CCC
20
+ 20)=(
493
20
+20 )=44.65 →θ air 1 =90 °−44..65 °=45.35

ccc =493
η1=1.0002926

η2=1.33

η3 =1.5

η 4=1.0002926

Angle of refraction of air with water

η1 sin θ1=η 2 sin θ2

θ2=sin
−1
( η1∗sinθ 1
n2 )
θ2=sin−1 ( 1.0002926∗sin
1.33
45.35 °
)
θ2=32.3475°

Refractive angle in the glass

η1 sin θ1=η 2 sin θ2

θ3 =sin
−1
( η2
n3
∗sin θ 2
)
θ3 =sin−1 ( 1.33
1.5
∗sin 32.34754 )

θ3 =28.32121°

Angles of refraction of air 2

η3 sin θ3=η4 sin θ4

θ 4=sin
−1
( η3
n4
sin θ 3
)
 θ 4=sin
−1
( 1.0002926
1.5
sin 28.32121 )

θ 4=45.35°

θb =90 °−θ 4

θb =90 °−45.35°

θb =44.65 °

Video link

URL: https://www.loom.com/share/238a70b3a82c47388ddaf0c4016f0550

References

Reference 1:
 To address the contents, the following bibliographic references are
required:

 Chen, W. (2005). The Electrical Engineering Handbook. Academic Press.

(pp. 519-524).
http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/
login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=117152&lang=es&site=ehost-
live&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_519

 Wiley, J. & Sons Ltd. (2003). Electromagnetic Wave Propagation. Fixed

Broadband Wireless. (pp. 25-70).
http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/
login.aspx?direct=true&db=aci&AN=14505422&lang=es&site=ehost-live

VIO (Virtual information objects)

 Gutiérrez, W. (2017). Snell Law. VIO [Virtual Information Object].

http://hdl.handle.net/10596/13140

 Leyton, O., & Miranda, J. (2022). Perpendicular incidence of

electromagnetic waves. VIO [Virtual Information
Object]. https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/50161