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c7: PRODUCT

Complete

Column 0

Column 1 F

1. PRODUCT
WHAT

LEVEL

TYPES

consumer product

Industrial product

PLC

c7: PRODUCT 1
iPhone 2G 8GB memory storage: 2007
sale,cost,profit,customer,competitor
product,price,distribution,ad,sale promotion

introduction: in the first stage of its life cycle, iPhone 2G sales were low
because customers were innovators. They had not been familiar with the
Apple brand, and smartphones. Coupled with high advertising, sales &
marketing costs, this results in a period of negative profitability/loss for
the company. There are few competitors to Apple in this phase. price
$599 . Nine new tv ad, 2000 stories media

growth: as customers gradually built affinity towards the product, the sales
of iPhone 2G sharply increased. The cost per customer was reduced to
the average level; therefore, Apple lowered the price to attract more
customers. As a result, the profit rose from negative to positive. Nokia
N59, LG . offer discount 200

maturity: in this phase, the sales growth became slowdown. As the


customer already had strong brand awareness, the cost to attract
customers went lower, leading to dropped profit but still high. By this time,
the number of competitors declined as weaker competitors dropped out.

c7: PRODUCT 2
For example, in 2008, HTC also launched its first smartphone powered by
Android.
→ Apple introduced a new product iPhone 3G

decline: customers had less interest in the product, the number of sales
eventually dipped, and the profits declined. Apple phased out the 2G

growth-share matrix

strategies for growth or downsizing

product/market expansion grid: tool, identify growth through

market penetration

market development

product development

diversification

2. DECISIONS
individual product decisions

product attributes (quality, features, style and des) → branding →


packaging (container, wrapper des)→ labeling → product support service

quality: level + consistency

features: value to customers vs cost of company

style and des: appearance, usefulness, looks

product line decisions

group of products, similar manner (function), same customer group, same


types of outlet, a given range of price

product line length: number of product

filling: add more items in current range (cannibalization - eat up sale of


company existing product, customer confuse)

stretching: lengthens product line beyond current range

c7: PRODUCT 3
product mix (portfolio) decisions

all of product lines

width: number of lines

length: total nummber of items within its product lines

depth: number of versions offered for each product in line

consistency: close relatation of various lines in end use

3. BRANDING STRATEGIES
brand: consumer perception and feeling;

brand equity: the differential effect that knowing brand name has on customer
response

4 perception dimensions:

differentiation

relevance

knowledge

esteem
.

build strong brand

positioning: attributes, benefits, beliefs and values


customer mind

name

quality, suggest sth, easily pronounce, distinctive, extendable, easily translate,


available, registration and legal protection

sponsorship: national brand, private/store, licensed, co-brand

development: 4 choices

line extensions: new forms, colors, sizes

c7: PRODUCT 4
brand extensions: extending brand name to new product categories

multiband: diff features → diff segment

new brand: new brand name when enters a new product categories

c7: PRODUCT 5

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