8/10/23, 1:31 PM About Earth

About Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun in our solar system and is the only known planet to
support life. It is often referred to as the "Blue Planet" due to its abundance of water, which
covers about 71% of its surface. Here are some key facts about Earth:
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1. Physical Characteristics: Earth has a diameter of about 12,742 kilometers (7,918 miles) and
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2023.08.31
23:52:59 +05'30'

a circumference of approximately 40,075 kilometers (24,901 miles) around the equator. It is

an oblate spheroid, meaning it's slightly flattened at the poles and slightly bulging at the
equator due to its rotation.
2. Atmosphere: Earth's atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen (about 78%) and
oxygen (about 21%), with trace amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor,
and argon. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in regulating the planet's temperature and
supporting life.
3. Hydrosphere: Earth's surface is covered by oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers, making up its
hydrosphere. The oceans contain about 97% of Earth's water, with the remaining 3% being
freshwater found in ice caps, glaciers, groundwater, and surface water bodies.
4. Geology: The Earth's crust is divided into several tectonic plates that float on the semi-fluid
asthenosphere beneath them. The movement of these plates leads to processes like
earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.
5. Biosphere: Earth is unique in our solar system because it supports a wide variety of life
forms. The biosphere encompasses all living organisms and their interactions with each
other and their environment. Life is found in various ecosystems, from the depths of the
oceans to the highest mountains.
6. Climate and Weather: Earth's climate is influenced by a complex interplay of factors,
including the amount of solar radiation received, atmospheric composition, ocean currents,
and greenhouse gases. Weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions in a
specific area, while climate refers to long-term patterns of weather in a region.
7. Magnetosphere: Earth has a magnetic field that surrounds it, known as the
magnetosphere. This field is generated by the movement of molten iron and nickel in the
outer core of the planet. The magnetosphere protects Earth from harmful solar radiation by
deflecting charged particles from the Sun.
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8. Moon: Earth has a natural satellite, the Moon, which is about 1/4th the diameter of Earth.
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The Moon's gravitational influence causes ocean tides on Earth.
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