BINALBAGAN CATHOLIC COLLEGE

Binalbagan, Negros Occidental

NOTES
GEELEC 1 – INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S EDUCATION
ROWENA P. JANCORDA, LPT, MAEd, JD
ATHENA MARIE A. SAYSON, LPT, MSLS
AIVAN NAVALLASCA, LPT

INTRODUCTION:

- The scientific study of organized human groups is a relatively recent development, but a vast amount
of information has been accumulated concerning the social life of human beings.
- This information has been used in building a system of knowledge (called social sciences) about the
nature, growth and functioning of human societies.
- Scientific knowledge is a knowledge that has been systematically gathered, classified, related and
interpreted.
- The social sciences are one of three divisions of science, along with the natural and formal sciences.
- Social science concerns itself with "humanistic" aspects of the world, like the arts and various
cultures, although it places an emphasis on experimentation and using the scientific method.
- Because the methods used in these disciplines are frequently qualitative, or non-numerical, and
often based on personal interpretation, they are commonly referred to as the “soft sciences” in
contrast to the “hard” natural and formal sciences.

DEFINITION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

- Social sciences centre on the study of humans and society and aim to “explain and understand social
phenomena” (Sayer, A. 1997).
- Social science is, in its broadest sense, the study of society and the manner in which people behave
and influence the world around us.
- tells us about the world beyond our immediate experience
 - can help explain how our own society works - from the causes of unemployment or what helps
economic growth, to how and why people vote, or what makes people happy.
- provides vital information for governments and policymakers, local authorities, non-governmental
organizations and others.

HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

- The history of the social sciences begins in the Age of Enlightenment after 1650, which saw a
revolution within natural philosophy, changing the basic framework by which individuals understood
what was "scientific".
- Social sciences came forth from the moral philosophy of the time and was influenced by the Age of
Revolutions, such as the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution.
- The beginnings of the social sciences in the 18th century are reflected in various grand Encyclopedias
of the Enlightenment, with articles from Rousseau and other pioneers. The growth of the social
sciences is also reflected in other specialized encyclopedias.
- The modern period saw "social science" first used as a distinct conceptual field.
- Social science was influenced by positivism focusing on knowledge based on actual positive sense
experience and avoiding the negative; metaphysical speculation was avoided.
- Auguste Comte used the term "science social" to describe this new science; he also referred to the
field as social physics.
- Around the start of the 20th century, Enlightenment philosophy was challenged in various quarters.
After the use of classical theories since the end of the scientific revolution, various fields substituted
mathematical studies for experimental studies to build a theoretical structure.

DISCIPLINE

- Demography
o is the study of populations and population changes and trends, using resources such as
statistics of births, deaths and disease.
- Social statistics, methods and computing
o involves the collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative social science data
- Economics
o seeks to understand how individuals interact within the social structure, to address key
questions about the production and exchange of goods and services.
- Management and business studies
o explores a wide range of aspects relating to the activities and management of business, such
as strategic and operational management, organizational psychology, employment relations,
marketing, accounting, finance and logistics.
- Development studies
o is a multidisciplinary branch of the social sciences which addresses a range of social and
economic issues related to developing or low-income countries.
- Human geography
o studies the world, its people, communities and cultures, and differs from physical geography
mainly in that it focuses on human activities and their impact - for instance on environmental
change.
- Environmental planning
o explores the decision-making processes for managing relationships within and between
human systems and natural systems, in order to manage these processes in an effective,
transparent and equitable manner.
- Education
o is one of the most important social sciences, exploring how people learn and develop.
- Social anthropology
o is the study of how human societies and social structures are organized and understood.
- Linguistics
o focuses on language and how people communicate through spoken sounds and words.
- Law
o focuses on the rules created by governments and people to ensure a more orderly society.
- Economic and social history
o looks at past events to learn from history and better understand the processes of
contemporary society.
- Politics
o focuses on democracy and the relationship between people and policy, at all levels up from
the individual to a national and international level.
- International relations
o is the study of relationships between countries, including the roles of other organizations.
- Psychology
studies the human mind and try to understand how people and groups experience the world
through various emotions, ideas, and conscious states.
- Sociology
o involves groups of people, rather than individuals, and attempts to understand the way
people relate to each other and function as a society or social sub-groups.
- Science and technology studies
o is concerned with what scientists do, what their role is in our society, the history and culture
of science, and the policies and debates that shape our modern scientific and technological
world.
- Social policy
o is an interdisciplinary and applied subject concerned with the analysis of societies' responses
to social need, focusing on aspects of society, economy and policy that are necessary to
human existence, and how these can be provided.
- Social work
o focuses on social change, problem-solving in human relationships and the empowerment
and liberation of people to enhance social justice.
 - Primary Social Science Disciplines
o Anthropology
o Economics
o Geography
o Political Science
o Psychology
o Sociology

IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

- it is important to study social sciences so that we can get the sorts of information that can help us
create better societies
- can help us improve our societies
- Social Sciences are all about an objective study (science) of people and their interactions
- If we want to improve our lives, choices, groups, institutions and societies we need to understand
how they work, why they exist, and how they have functioned in the past
- The most effective study of social science is when they are studied together to answer the big
questions we have about ourselves and human life on the planet
- it is important to study social sciences because they are about what it means to be human

OBJECTIVES OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

 Welfare of the Individual
and society

Justice and Equity

Peace and Harmony

Mutual cooperation

Material and Moral

progress

Personal Freedom

Protection of life
and property

HOW SOCIAL SCIENCE SHAPES LIVES

- Research findings give solutions to issues

- The role of governments in an increasingly market-based society
- The payment of billions of pounds of state benefits for the needy has been influenced by the work of
social scientists
- Social science research findings continue to provide invaluable information whether you are a
parent, a local councilor, a police officer, or a business executive

FRAMEWORK OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

SOCIAL SCIENCE IN THE PHILIPPINES
PIONEER OF FILIPINO SOCIENCE SCIENCE

- Jose P. Rizal
- Isabelo de los Reyes
- Jose Burgos
- Pedro Paterno
- Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera