TEST CODE 01207032

FORM TP 2011046 MAY/JUNE 2011

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE

EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY

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2 hours

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Copyright © 2010 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

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 (a) An orange (fruit) was cut with a knife as shown in Figure 1.

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(i) Make a drawing of a section of the orange in Figure 1, after the cut is made and
one half is removed. abel the following parts

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of your drawing. 6KRZ\RXUZRUNLQJ

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

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(b) Some food tests were conducted on the orange.

(i) Complete Table 1 by writing the relevant reagents for the following food tests and
the expected colour change for EACH of the substances in the table.

TABLE 1: FOOD TESTS

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Reducing sugar

Protein

Starch

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(ii) Table 2 gives information on tissues in the orange and the food substances they
contain.

TABLE 2: RESULTS OF FOOD TESTS ON ORANGE

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Rind

Pulp

Cotyledon of seed

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s

Suggest a reason for the presence of the food substances seen in the pulp, rind and
seed of the orange.

Pulp

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Rind

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Seed cotyledon

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 (a) Fifty cubic centimetres ( 0 cm3) of water were placed in each of two cylinders labelled
$DQG%7ZHQW\¿YHFXELFFHQWLPHWUHV FP3) of Soil X and 2 cm3 of Soil Y were
then added to each of the cylinders labelled A and respectively. The contents of each
cylinder were briskly stirred, then left standing for 1 minutes. Figure 2 shows the new
volumes in the measuring cylinders.

Cylinder A CylinderB

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(i) Read the volumes in Figure 2 and complete Table 3.

TABLE 3: DATA ON SOIL EXPERIMENT

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  9  9  9 

Cylinder A 0 2

Cylinder 0 2

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(ii) Suggest a suitable aim for this experiment.

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(iii) Give T O precautions to be taken when carrying out the procedure used in this
experiment and explain why EACH is necessary.

Precaution 1 ____________________________________________________

Reason ____________________________________________________

Precaution 2 ____________________________________________________

Reason ____________________________________________________
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(iv) Account for the change in volume seen in EACH cylinder.

Cylinder A ____________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Cylinder ____________________________________________________

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_________________________________________________________________

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(b) A farmer planted crops in Soil Y and complained that he had to water them frequently.

(i) Explain why Soil Y required frequent watering.

_________________________________________________________________

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(ii) Suggest T O ways in which Soil Y can be improved to make it more suitable to
support plant growth.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

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 Table shows the diameter of an individual’s pupil when light is placed at seven different positions
along A to B as seen in Figure 3.

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AND DIAMETER OF THE PUPIL

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1 3.0

2 2.9

3 2.7

2.1

1.

6 1.6

7 1.

(a) (i) On the grid provided on page 9, plot a graph of the results presented in Table .
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(ii) Suggest a suitable hypothesis for this investigation.

_________________________________________________________________

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(iii) hat conclusion can be drawn from this experiment?

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(iv) State T O limitations of this experiment.

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(v) hy should this experiment be repeated several times using other persons?

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(b) Explain how the muscle of the iris controls the si e of the pupil in different intensities of
light.

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_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

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(c) Suggest T O ways by which the vision of an individual with short-sightedness can be
corrected.

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________
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END OF TEST

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