Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Story Story
Mountain Mountain
The hook is the introduction. This is where the The hook is the introduction. This is where the
Hook author will introduce the characters and setting Hook author will introduce the characters and setting
of the story. of the story.
The problem or conflict is what the story will The problem or conflict is what the story will
Problem mostly be about. The author usually introduces Problem mostly be about. The author usually introduces
the problem early in the story. the problem early in the story.
The rising action are the 2-3 events that help The rising action are the 2-3 events that help
Rising the reader understand the problem or conflict Rising the reader understand the problem or conflict
Action going on in the story. Action going on in the story.
The climax is the most exciting part of the story. The climax is the most exciting part of the story.
Climax It is usually the big event that you won’t forget. Climax It is usually the big event that you won’t forget.
The falling action are the 1-2 events that happen The falling action are the 1-2 events that happen
Falling after the climax. These events lead up to the Falling after the climax. These events lead up to the
Action solution of the problem. Action solution of the problem.
The resolution usually happens at the end. This The resolution usually happens at the end. This
Resolution is where the main problem or conflict gets Resolution is where the main problem or conflict gets
solved. solved.
Story Story
Mountain Mountain
Hook Hook
Problem Problem
Rising Rising
Action Action
Climax Climax
Falling Falling
Action Action
Resolution Resolution
Main Idea
The Main Idea is what the entire text is mostly
Main Idea
The Main Idea is what the entire text is mostly
about. The details included in the text will about. The details included in the text will
connect back to the main idea. connect back to the main idea.
Main idea:
Main idea:
Main Idea
The Main Idea is what the entire text is mostly
Main Idea
The Main Idea is what the entire text is mostly
about. The details included in the text will about. The details included in the text will
connect back to the main idea. connect back to the main idea.
Main idea:
Main idea:
Summary
A summary is a shortened version of the story.
Summary
A summary is a shortened version of the story.
It retells all the important parts of the story. It retells all the important parts of the story.
A Summary: A Summary:
• is told in sequence • is told in sequence
• can include the main idea, supporting • can include the main idea, supporting
details, and theme of the story details, and theme of the story
• can be written in 3-5 sentences • can be written in 3-5 sentences
B B
-Who are the characters? -Who are the characters?
-What is the setting? -What is the setting?
-What is the problem? -What is the problem?
Beginning Beginning
M M
-What events happen to the -What events happen to the
characters? characters?
-What is the climax of the -What is the climax of the
story? story?
Middle Middle
E E
-How is the problem resolved? -How is the problem resolved?
-How have the characters -How have the characters
changed? changed?
End End
Summary
A summary is a shortened version of the story.
Summary
A summary is a shortened version of the story.
It retells all the important parts of the story. It retells all the important parts of the story.
A Summary: A Summary:
• is told in sequence • is told in sequence
• can include the main idea, supporting • can include the main idea, supporting
details, and theme of the story details, and theme of the story
• can be written in 3-5 sentences • can be written in 3-5 sentences
B
Beginning
B
Beginning
MMiddle
MMiddle
EEnd
EEnd
Theme
The theme is the “BIG IDEA” or the lesson the
Theme
The theme is the “BIG IDEA” or the lesson the
author wants you to take away after reading author wants you to take away after reading
the story. the story.
To help you identify the theme you can ask To help you identify the theme you can ask
yourself these questions after reading a story. yourself these questions after reading a story.
1. What was the problem or issue in the 1. What was the problem or issue in the
story? story?
2. What did the characters learn? 2. What did the characters learn?
3. How did the characters feelings or 3. How did the characters feelings or
actions change in the story? actions change in the story?
Unlike the summary and main idea of a story, themes Unlike the summary and main idea of a story, themes
are general and could apply to multiple stories. are general and could apply to multiple stories.
Theme
The theme is the “BIG IDEA” or the lesson the
Theme
The theme is the “BIG IDEA” or the lesson the
author wants you to take away after reading author wants you to take away after reading
the story. the story.
To help you identify the theme you can ask To help you identify the theme you can ask
yourself these questions after reading a story. yourself these questions after reading a story.
1. What was the problem or issue in the 1. What was the problem or issue in the
story? story?
2. What did the characters learn? 2. What did the characters learn?
3. How did the characters feelings or 3. How did the characters feelings or
actions change in the story? actions change in the story?
Unlike the summary and main idea of a story, themes Unlike the summary and main idea of a story, themes
are general and could apply to multiple stories. are general and could apply to multiple stories.
Character Character
Feelings &Traits Feelings &Traits
The characters you read about in stories have The characters you read about in stories have
feelings and personality traits just like you. feelings and personality traits just like you.
VS. VS.
Character Traits Character Traits
Character’s traits are the part of their Character’s traits are the part of their
personality that is consistent over time. Traits personality that is consistent over time. Traits
don’t change as quickly as feelings. don’t change as quickly as feelings.
Character Character
Feelings &Traits Feelings &Traits
The characters you read about in stories have The characters you read about in stories have
feelings and personality traits just like you. feelings and personality traits just like you.
VS. VS.
Character Traits Character Traits
Character’s traits are the part of their Character’s traits are the part of their
personality that is consistent over time. Traits personality that is consistent over time. Traits
don’t change as quickly as feelings. don’t change as quickly as feelings.
1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person
The story is The narrator The story is The story is The narrator The story is
told by one of will talk to the told by the told by one of will talk to the told by the
the reader as if narrator who the reader as if narrator who
characters in they are is NOT a characters in they are is NOT a
the story. having a character in the story. having a character in
conversation. the story. conversation. the story.
The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator
will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to
themselves the readers characters by themselves the readers characters by
as “I”. as “you”. name or with as “I”. as “you”. name or with
the words he, the words he,
she, they. she, they.
1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person 1st Person 2nd Person 3rd Person
The story is The narrator The story is The story is The narrator The story is
told by one of will talk to the told by the told by one of will talk to the told by the
the reader as if narrator who the reader as if narrator who
characters in they are is NOT a characters in they are is NOT a
the story. having a character in the story. having a character in
conversation. the story. conversation. the story.
The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator The narrator
will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to will refer to
themselves the readers characters by themselves the readers characters by
as “I”. as “you”. name or with as “I”. as “you”. name or with
the words he, the words he,
she, they. she, they.
Author’s Author’s
Purpose Purpose
Author’s Purpose is as easy as PIE. Author’s Purpose is as easy as PIE.
Authors write for a variety of reasons. Their Authors write for a variety of reasons. Their
purpose for writing will have an impact on the purpose for writing will have an impact on the
genre they write. genre they write.
The author wants to persuade The author wants to persuade
you to do something or think a you to do something or think a
P certain way.
Examples: Commercials, Ads, P certain way.
Examples: Commercials, Ads,
Persuasive Letters Persuasive Letters
The author wants to give you The author wants to give you
information. They will share information. They will share
Author’s Author’s
Purpose Purpose
Author’s Purpose is as easy as PIE. Author’s Purpose is as easy as PIE.
Authors write for a variety of reasons. Their Authors write for a variety of reasons. Their
purpose for writing will have an impact on the purpose for writing will have an impact on the
genre they write. genre they write.
The author wants to persuade The author wants to persuade
you to do something or think a you to do something or think a
P certain way.
Examples: Commercials, Ads, P certain way.
Examples: Commercials, Ads,
Persuasive Letters Persuasive Letters
The author wants to give you The author wants to give you
information. They will share information. They will share
Inference
Authors don’t always tell their reader
Inference
Authors don’t always tell their reader
everything. They rely on the reader to use everything. They rely on the reader to use
inferential thinking to understand everything inferential thinking to understand everything
going on in the story. going on in the story.
Background Background
Text Clues Text Clues
Knowledge Knowledge
= INFERENCE = INFERENCE
My Background My Background
Text Clues Text Clues
My heart started to Knowledge My heart started to Knowledge
I think the character I think the character
race as I stared down race as I stared down
is a kid because they is a kid because they
at the broken pieces. at the broken pieces.
mentioned their mom. mentioned their mom.
“How will I be able to “How will I be able to
I also think the kid is I also think the kid is
explain this when mom explain this when mom
nervous because that nervous because that
gets home” I thought to gets home” I thought to
is what happens when is what happens when
myself. myself.
your heart races. your heart races.
My Inference My Inference
The kid accidentally broke something important to The kid accidentally broke something important to
his mom and he is nervous about telling her when his mom and he is nervous about telling her when
she gets home. she gets home.
Inference
Authors don’t always tell their reader
Inference
Authors don’t always tell their reader
everything. They rely on the reader to use everything. They rely on the reader to use
inferential thinking to understand everything inferential thinking to understand everything
going on in the story. going on in the story.
Background Background
Text Clues Text Clues
Knowledge Knowledge
= INFERENCE = INFERENCE
My Background My Background
Text Clues Text Clues
My heart started to Knowledge My heart started to Knowledge
I think the character I think the character
race as I stared down race as I stared down
is a kid because they is a kid because they
at the broken pieces. at the broken pieces.
mentioned their mom. mentioned their mom.
“How will I be able to “How will I be able to
I also think the kid is I also think the kid is
explain this when mom explain this when mom
nervous because that nervous because that
gets home” I thought to gets home” I thought to
is what happens when is what happens when
myself. myself.
your heart races. your heart races.
My Inference My Inference
The kid accidentally broke something important to The kid accidentally broke something important to
his mom and he is nervous about telling her when his mom and he is nervous about telling her when
she gets home. she gets home.
I didn’t study. I got a bad grade. I didn’t study. I got a bad grade.
I ate too much candy. I got a stomach ache. I ate too much candy. I got a stomach ache.
I didn’t study. I got a bad grade. I didn’t study. I got a bad grade.
I ate too much candy. I got a stomach ache. I ate too much candy. I got a stomach ache.
Making Making
Predictions Predictions
A prediction is a guess about what will happen
A prediction is a guess about what will happen
next in the story. You can use pictures or text next in the story. You can use pictures or text
clues to help you make your predictions. clues to help you make your predictions.
Here are some ways to start your predictions: Here are some ways to start your predictions:
• I predict that… • I predict that…
• I think _____ will happen because…. • I think _____ will happen because….
• When I read ______, it makes me • When I read ______, it makes me
think _______ will happen. think _______ will happen.
• I bet the character will… • I bet the character will…
• I wonder if _______ will happen next. • I wonder if _______ will happen next.
Stop every few pages to make a Stop every few pages to make a
During During prediction about what will happen
prediction about what will happen
Reading Reading next.
next.
Think: Did I make accurate Think: Did I make accurate
After predictions? What clues helped After predictions? What clues helped
Reading me predict what would happen Reading me predict what would happen
next? next?
Making Making
Predictions Predictions
A prediction is a guess about what will happen
A prediction is a guess about what will happen
next in the story. You can use pictures or text next in the story. You can use pictures or text
clues to help you make your predictions. clues to help you make your predictions.
Here are some ways to start your predictions: Here are some ways to start your predictions:
• I predict that… • I predict that…
• I think _____ will happen because…. • I think _____ will happen because….
• When I read ______, it makes me • When I read ______, it makes me
think _______ will happen. think _______ will happen.
• I bet the character will… • I bet the character will…
• I wonder if _______ will happen next. • I wonder if _______ will happen next.
During During
Reading Reading
After After
Reading Reading
Formulating Formulating
Questions Questions
Strong readers will ask questions while they read. Strong readers will ask questions while they read.
This helps them make connections, predictions, This helps them make connections, predictions,
and understand what is going on in the story. and understand what is going on in the story.
• What will this story be about? • What will this story be about?
• Who are the main • Who are the main
Before characters? Before characters?
• What lesson might they learn? • What lesson might they learn?
• What were the most important • What were the most important
parts of the story? parts of the story?
• Why did the author choose to • Why did the author choose to
After write this story? After write this story?
• What would happen in a • What would happen in a
sequel? sequel?
Don’t forget to look for the answers while Don’t forget to look for the answers while
you read! you read!
Formulating Formulating
Questions Questions
Strong readers will ask questions while they read. Strong readers will ask questions while they read.
This helps them make connections, predictions, This helps them make connections, predictions,
and understand what is going on in the story. and understand what is going on in the story.
• What will this story be about? • What will this story be about?
• Who are the main • Who are the main
Before characters? Before characters?
• What lesson might they learn? • What lesson might they learn?
• What were the most important • What were the most important
parts of the story? parts of the story?
• Why did the author choose to • Why did the author choose to
After write this story? After write this story?
• What would happen in a • What would happen in a
sequel? sequel?
Don’t forget to look for the answers while Don’t forget to look for the answers while
you read! you read!
Making Making
Connections Connections
When you are reading, you naturally When you are reading, you naturally
make connections. Readers can make make connections. Readers can make
different types of connections. different types of connections.
It reminds me of It reminds me of
something I did. something I did.
• I can connect to • I can connect to
the book the book
Text-to-Self because…. Text-to-Self because….
It reminds me of It reminds me of
another book. another book.
• This story reminds • This story reminds
me of another me of another
Text-to-Text book because… Text-to-Text book because…
It reminds me of It reminds me of
something in the something in the
world. world.
• This story makes • This story makes
Text-to-World me think of_____ Text-to-World me think of_____
because… because…
Making Making
Connections Connections
When you are reading, you naturally When you are reading, you naturally
make connections. Readers can make make connections. Readers can make
different types of connections. different types of connections.
It reminds me of It reminds me of
something I did. something I did.
• I can connect to • I can connect to
the book the book
Text-to-Self because…. Text-to-Self because….
It reminds me of It reminds me of
another book. another book.
• This story reminds • This story reminds
me of another me of another
Text-to-Text book because… Text-to-Text book because…
It reminds me of It reminds me of
something in the something in the
world. world.
• This story makes • This story makes
Text-to-World me think of_____ Text-to-World me think of_____
because… because…
Author’s include facts and opinions in Author’s include facts and opinions in
their writing to help influence the reader. their writing to help influence the reader.
Author’s include facts and opinions in Author’s include facts and opinions in
their writing to help influence the reader. their writing to help influence the reader.