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  • ITE 3432-Self Assessment 3

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    The document describes a method for smoothing data called smoothing by bin means. It involves partitioning the data into three equal bins, calculating the mean of each bin, and replacing the original data points in each bin with the corresponding bin mean. This results in a smoothed version of the data where fluctuations are reduced. Other methods for determining outliers and smoothing data are also outlined such as using z-scores, IQR, visualization techniques, median smoothing, moving averages, polynomial fitting, and exponential smoothing.

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    The document describes a method for smoothing data called smoothing by bin means. It involves partitioning the data into three equal bins, calculating the mean of each bin, and replacing the original data points in each bin with the corresponding bin mean. This results in a smoothed version of the data where fluctuations are reduced. Other methods for determining outliers and smoothing data are also outlined such as using z-scores, IQR, visualization techniques, median smoothing, moving averages, polynomial fitting, and exponential smoothing.

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    2 views2 pages

    ITE 3432-Self Assessment 3

    Uploaded by

    e1840006
    The document describes a method for smoothing data called smoothing by bin means. It involves partitioning the data into three equal bins, calculating the mean of each bin, and replacing the original data points in each bin with the corresponding bin mean. This results in a smoothed version of the data where fluctuations are reduced. Other methods for determining outliers and smoothing data are also outlined such as using z-scores, IQR, visualization techniques, median smoothing, moving averages, polynomial fitting, and exponential smoothing.

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    of 2

    a.

    Partitioning the data into three equal depth bins means dividing the data into three groups
    with roughly the same number of data points in each group. Since there are 27 data points,
    each group should ideally contain 9 data points.

    1. Partitioning the data:

    • Bin 1: 13, 15, 16, 16, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22

    • Bin 2: 22, 25, 25, 25, 25, 30, 33, 33, 35

    • Bin 3: 35, 35, 35, 35, 36, 40, 45, 46, 52, 70

    2. Smoothing by bin means:

    • Calculate the mean value for each bin.

    • Bin 1 mean:
    13+15+16+16+19+20+20+21+229≈18.78913+15+16+16+19+20+20+21+22
    ≈18.78

    • Bin 2 mean:
    22+25+25+25+25+30+33+33+359≈28.33922+25+25+25+25+30+33+33+35
    ≈28.33

    • Bin 3 mean:
    35+35+35+35+36+40+45+46+52+7010≈44.901035+35+35+35+36+40+45+46
    +52+70≈44.90

    3. Replace each data point in the bin with the bin mean:

    • Bin 1: 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78, 18.78

    • Bin 2: 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33, 28.33

    • Bin 3: 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90, 44.90

    This completes the smoothing by bin means.

    b. How might you determine outliers in the data?

    Outliers can be determined using various methods such as:

    • Z-score method: Identify data points that fall more than a certain number of standard
    deviations away from the mean.

    • Interquartile range (IQR) method: Identify data points that fall below Q1−1.5×IQR or above
    Q3+1.5×IQR, where Q1 and Q3 are the first and third quartiles, respectively, and IQR is the
    interquartile range.

    • Visualization methods such as boxplots or scatterplots.


    c. What other methods are there for data smoothing?

    Apart from smoothing by bin means, other methods for data smoothing include:

    • Median smoothing: Replace each data point with the median of itself and its neighboring
    points.

    • Moving average: Replace each data point with the average of itself and its neighboring points
    within a specified window size.

    • Polynomial smoothing: Fit a polynomial curve to the data points to smooth out fluctuations.

    • Exponential smoothing: Assign exponentially decreasing weights to past observations to


    emphasize recent data.

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