Environmental Assessment & Management:

EM- Sub-Field of Env Science

EM- It is a process to resolve the problems through syustematic ways
systematic ways*
EM- It is a process of allocating natural & artificial resources so as to make the optimum
use of natural resources to satisfy the basic needs with minimum environmental
effects/costs. EM- It is process of decision making to address the env
problems. EM: Find solutions to the practical env
problems. TOPIC-1
Environmental Impact Assessment ( EIA) Definition: It is a formal process to identify,
evaluate, analyse, predict, avoid or to reduce the environmental effects caused by any
project or activity.
Projects: e.g Roads/ Motorways/ Dam/ Canal/ Flyover/ Under pass/ Housing/ Air Port/
Railway etc...
1-Publicly owned
2-Privately owned
Objectives of EIA:There are three main types of objectives these are the following….
1- Prevention
2- Promotion of Sustainable Development
3- Providing information
Process of EIA/ Conduction of EIA/ How to conduct EIA?: Conduction of EIA consists of
multiple steps
:1- Project Screening: General information gathering, Project type, Site, Location, Cost,
Completion time... General information…
2- Project Scoping: Futuristic Lens; Long term benefits/ People/ Employment creation,
Life style/ National development/ Economic\
Etc..
Application
3- Base-line Data Collection:
Sit visit for data collection;
Forests/ Plantation/ Water body/ lakes/ ponds/ Topography/ Temperature/ Local climate/
Population/ Crop lands/ Fishes/ etc…
4- Identification of problems on the basis of data.
Deforestation
Degradation of croplands
1-Air Pollution/ Water Pollution/ Land pollution/ Noise Pollution
2-Biodiversioty loss
3-Global warming
4-Climate Change
5- Impact Prediction