Measures of environmental

protection; EIA; Natual Resource

Management
Environmental protection is improving, defending, and maintaining the quality of the
environment. The main methods of environmental protection are recycling, reusing, and
reducing; however, some other methods such as Green Energy production, green
transportation development, and eco-friendly industrialization also exist. Not only
residents but also businesses and industries should play their basic roles to improve the
environment.

The Principles of Environmental Protection

There are three fundamental principles of environmental protection:
1.The precautionary principle: This principle states that if an activity has the potential to cause
harm to the environment, then steps should be taken to prevent that harm even if there is no clear
evidence that the activity is damaging.
2.The polluter pays principle: This states that the party responsible for causing pollution should be
held responsible for cleaning it up.
3.The public right to know the principle: This principle states that the public has a right to know
about any potential threats to the environment and what is being done to address them.
 The Goals of Environmental Protection

 To protect human health: This is the most important

goal of environmental protection because humans
cannot survive without a healthy environment.
 To protect ecosystems: Ecosystems are the foundation
of life on Earth, and they provide many benefits to
humans, such as clean air and water, food, and fiber.
 To promote sustainable development: Sustainable
development is a development that meets the needs of
the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of evaluating the likely
environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account
inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and
adverse.
UNEP defines, “Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) as a tool used to identify
the environmental, social and economic
impacts of a project prior to decisionmaking.
T I S It aims to predict environmental impacts at
A
WH

?
an early stage in project planning and

EI design, find ways and means to reduce

adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the
local environment and present the

A predictions and options to decision-makers.”

Environmental Impact Assessment is a complex process that requires us to go through a total of NINE
steps. its given below

SCREENING: The project plan is screened for

scale of investment, location and type of development
and if the project needs statutory clearance.

SCOPING: The project’s potential impacts,

zone of impacts, mitigation possibilities and need for
monitoring.

COLLECTION OF BASELINE DATA:

Baseline data is the environmental status of study area

Impact prediction: Positive and negative, reversible and

irreversible and temporary and permanent impacts need to be
predicted which presupposes a good understanding of the project by
the assessment agency.
Mitigation measures and EIA report: The EIA report should include
the actions and steps for preventing, minimizing or by passing the impacts or else
the level of compensation for probable environmental damage or loss.

Decision making: Impact Assessment Authority along with the experts

consult the project-in-charge along with consultant to take the final decision,
keeping in mind EIA and EMP (Environment Management Plan).

Monitoring and implementation of environmental

management plan: The various phases of implementation of the
project are monitored.

Assessment of Alternatives : Delineation of Mitigation Measures and

Environmental Impact Assessment Report: For every project, possible alternatives
should be identified, and environmental attributes compared. Alternatives should
cover both project location and process technologies.

Risk assessment : Inventory analysis and hazard

probability and index also form part of EIA procedures.
The Ural Sea, located between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, is a lake whose condition is
deteriorating day by day. The amount of water in this sun is decreasing day by day. The main
reason for this was the use of water from the Amu Darya River by Kazakhstan for cotton
cultivation in Soviet Russia and its diversion. Although the people of the country benefited
greatly from cotton cultivation, they had a devastating effect on the environment. Later, the
condition of the flying sea became worse and the aquatic ecosystem was completely destroyed
impossible to lives. So this development has not been sustainable as it has a detrimental effect on
the environment.
Natural Resources
Management
 Introduction
 Resources - Resources ( or natural capital ) are goods or services that
have some value to humans .

 Natural resources are materials and components ( something that can be

used ) that can be found within the environment.

Eg . Natural resource is anything obtained from the environment to satisfy

human needs .
 Human use in Natural Resources
Humans use natural resources to help meet their
three basic needs .
The use of natural resources to meet these needs is
in two forms ,
a ) consumptive use and
b ) non - consumptive use
 Consumptive Use
Using a natural resource so that the
amount used no longer exists . Each
time that resource is used , its
supply is reduced . An example of
consumptive use is hunting . - Once
that animal is killed and removed
from the wild , it no longer exists .
Non - consumptive Use
Using a natural resource without reducing
its supply . An example of non -
consumptive use is watching wildlife . - It
is possible to enjoy the beauty of the
wildlife without killing or removing it
from the wild . -It is being used for
enjoyment , not being consumed .
Some Examples of
Natural Resources
Forest
cover past
and present
in world.
Effect of Deforestation
Erosion of soil
Disruption of the water cycle
Loss of biodiversity
Flood and drought Climate change
 FOREST MANAGEMENT
Raise public and political awareness
Joint forest management ( JFM )
Social forestry
Agro forestry
Farm forestry
Forest conservation act
Biodiversity act
Wild life park and protected area
Impact Of Water Resource Depletion

- Ecosystem damage- Reduced agricultural

productivity
- Threats to human health
- Increased risk of conflicts over water resources
- Economic challenges for water- dependent
industries
- Necessity for sustainable water management
practices.
 Water Management
- Efficient irrigation methods (drip irrigation, precision agriculture)
- Rainwater harvesting
- Groundwater recharge through managed aquifer recharge
- Watershed management and conservation
- Recycling and reusing treated wastewater
- Implementing water-efficient technologies in industries
- Developing and enforcing water conservation policies
- Public awareness and education on responsible water use
- Implementing smart water meters for better monitoring
- Integrated water resources management for holistic planning.
Mineral resources
Fossil fuels are natural resources used to provide
energy .
- Fossil fuels took millions of years to make .
- They are the remains of decomposed plants and
animals .
- Their energy comes from the energy produced by
the plants and animals .
Depletion of mineral resources

Due to excessive usage

Low efficient technology
Due to increasing the number of vehicles
 Energy resource management
A. Legislative measure to check over exploitation
Improve the technology
B. Increase the efficiency of electrical instrument
C. Use of alternative of coal petroleum and gas for
electricity
D. Changing public attitude
THANK YOU