Lý thuyết phân từ hoàn thành 1.

Cấu trúc
having + PP (chủ động); having been + pp (bị động)
E.g: Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends. (Sau khi làm xong bài tập về nhà, cậu ấy
đã đi chơi với bạn.)
2. Cách dùng
Chúng ta dùng phân từ hoàn thành để:
-Rút gọn mệnh đề khi hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước hành động khác. E.g: He finished his
homework and then he went out with his friends.
Having finished his homework, he went out with his friends. -Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.
E.g: After he had got up, he brushed his teeth.
After having getting up/ Having getting up, he brushed his teeth.
-Giải thích lý do cho hành động trong mệnh đề chính.
E.g: Having lost the game, they cried a lot.
Lưu ý: Mệnh đề rút gọn được gọi là mệnh đề phân từ (participle clauses); hai hành động có cùng chủ ngữ.
Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences replacing the underlined part with a perfect participle
1. We switched off the lights before we went to bed. ____________________________________ we went
to bed.
2. The boy asked his mother's permission and then went out to play.
_____________________________________ the boy went out to play. 3. Since I had not seen him for
ages, I didn't recognize him.
________________________________________ I didn't recognize him.
4. She had been to the disco the night before and overslept in the morning.
________________________________________ she overslept in the morning.
5. We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening.
________________________________________ we were sunburned in the evening.
Choose the correct answer A. B, C or D
1. ________________________ for twelve hours, B. to have heard
I felt marvelous. C. having been heard
A. Having slept D. to have been heard
B. Have slept 4. __________________ in dark colors, the room
C. Having been slept needed some bright lights.
D. Have been slept A. Having painted
2. She's angry about __________________ to the B. To have painted
farewell party last night C. Having been painted
A. not having invited D. To have been painted
B. not to have invited 5. .Are you sure you told me? I don't recall
C. not having been invited _________________ about it. A. having told
D. not to have been invited B. to have told
3. We decided not to travel, ________________. C. having been told
A. having heard D. to have been told
Rewrite the following sentences using Perfect Participle.
1. We switched off the lights before we went to bed.
_________________________________________________
2. As he had drunk too much, he didn't drive home himself.
_________________________________________________
3. We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening.
_________________________________________________
4. Since I had not seen him for ages, I didn’t recognize him.
_________________________________________________
5. I had not ridden a horse for a long time and I found it very difficult to sit on the saddle.
_________________________________________________
6. He ate dinner. He sat down to watch TV. _________________________________________________
7. Petunia prepared a feast. She went to get dressed for it.
_________________________________________________
8. He ate three burgers. He felt stuffed. _________________________________________________
9. He spoke to Mrs. Parteger. He calmed down a bit.
_________________________________________________
10. They have finished their training. Now they are fully qualified doctors.
_________________________________________________
11. He ate dinner. He sat down to watch TV.
_________________________________________________
12. Petunia prepared a feast. She went to get dressed for it.
_________________________________________________
13. He ate three burgers. He felt stuffed.
_________________________________________________
14. He spoke to Mrs. Parteger. He calmed down a bit.
_________________________________________________
15. They have finished their training. Now they are fully qualified doctors.
_________________________________________________
Complete the sentences with the perfect participle. Decide whether to use active or passive voice.
1. _________________ (stop) the car, the police officer wanted to see the documents.
2. _________________ (write) the test, we felt relieved
3. _________________ (work) all day, we were quite exhausted in the evening.
4. _________________ (send) to counter 20,1 had to return to counter 3.
5. _________________ (confess), he was accused of even more criminal offences.
6. _________________ (arrive) at the station, we called a taxi.
7. _________________ (type) by the secretary, the letter was signed by the boss.
8. _________________ (interrupt) several times, she was rather annoyed.
9. _________________ (live) in Oxford for two years, she spoke English like a native speaker.
10. _________________ (rescue), the injured man was taken to hospital.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1.The missing children were last seen _________________(play) near the river.
2. _________________(complete) the book, he had a holiday.
3. _________________(find) only in the Andes, the plant is used by local people to treat skin diseases.
4.The accident seems _________________(happen) at around 1.00 p.m yesterday.
5.The shoes_________________(make) in China is cheap.
6.Last year I studied abroad. I appreciate_________________ (have) the opportunity to live and study in a
foreign country.
7. _________________(look) down from the hill, the town spread out before us towards the coast.
8. Alex doesn't like to have her picture _________________(take). She avoids
_________________(photograph).
9.I don't agree with_________________(smack) children if they do something wrong. 10.The
book_________________(publish) last month is her first novel.
Write NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS.
Example:
0. I started taking a fitness course two months ago.
I _______________ a fitness course for two months. (TAKEN)
Answer: 0. have taken
1. Mary last fiercely argued with her parents when she was in high school. (HAS)
Mary ____________________ argument with her parents since she was in high school.
2. Sam isn’t interested in preparing for the ASEAN competition. (MAKING)
____________________ the ASEAN competition doesn’t interest Sam.
3. Many students were concerned about climate change, so they decided to take part in this environmental
campaign. (CONCERNED)
____________________, many students decided to take part in this environmental campaign.
4. Due to their reduction in the use of plastic items, the family was honoured in their own community.
(REDUCING)
____________________ items, the family was honoured in their own community.
5. Could you put away those documents over there? (MIND)
Would ____________________ those documents over there?