Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNDER SUPERVISION OF :-
GURPREET SINGH PADDA
The words of a speaker can be
reported in two different ways.
1. DIRECT SPEECH
2. INDIRECT SPEECH
DIRECT SPEECH
When the exact words used by a
speaker are reproduced. Direct
speech is always with in inverted
commas. i.e.:-
Ashu says, “Pammi is going to school.”
Example 1
The girl says, “I am glad to be with you.”
The girl says that I am glad to be with you.
Example 2
The peon will say, “All the boys have become very
naughty.”
The peon will say that all the boys have become very
naughty.
2 .If the reporting verb is in past
tense, the
tenses in the reported speech
are changed into a corresponding
past tense:
Simple present
Simple Past
(V1 –Play) (V2 -
Played)
Example 1
Suresh said, “Ram play well.”
Suresh said that Ram played well.
Present Continuous Past
Continuous
(is/am/are+V1+ing)
(was/were+V1+ing)
Example 1
Gita said, “Sita is singing a song.”
Gita said that Sita was singing a song.
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
(has,have+V3) (had+V3)
Example 1
My father said, “I have a car.”
My father said that he had a car.
Simple past Past
perfect
(V2-did) (had+V3
done)
UNIVERSAL TRUTH
S O N