GLOBAL DIVIDES

The concept of "Global Divides: The North and the South" underscores the socio-
economic and political disparities between the more developed Global North and
the less developed Global South, with Latin America experiencing significant
divisions influenced by historical, cultural, and economic factors. Addressing these
disparities in the region necessitates prioritizing inclusive and sustainable
development strategies. This entails promoting social justice, human rights, and
cooperation both within Latin America and globally. Key initiatives may include
poverty alleviation, inequality reduction, and environmental protection policies.
Strengthening democratic institutions and fostering regional collaboration are
crucial steps toward bridging these divides and promoting equitable development
in Latin America.

GLOBAL SOUTH
In geopolitics and international relations, the term "Global South" refers to
countries primarily located in the southern hemisphere, encompassing Africa, Latin
America, Asia, and Oceania, in contrast to the wealthier "Global North" of Europe,
North America, and parts of East Asia. The Global South faces economic, social,
and political challenges, including poverty, inequality, governance issues, and
inadequate infrastructure. However, it's diverse, with variations in development,
culture, and political systems. The term highlights shared experiences and
common interests among these nations, advocating for increased representation
and cooperation in global affairs, often aligned with movements for decolonization,
economic justice, and development cooperation.

LATIN AMERICA
Latin America, encompassing countries in Central and South America along with
parts of the Caribbean, is characterized by Romance languages like Spanish and
Portuguese. It boasts a diverse cultural heritage celebrated through music,
dance, cuisine, and art. However, its history is marked by colonization,
independence struggles, and social presents a mix of developed and developing
nations with significant gaps in wealth and living standards. Despite abundant
natural resources, challenges such as poverty, inequality, corruption, and crime
persist the region has seen periods of authoritarianism, military dictatorships, and
civil unrest, along with transitions to democracy. Various ideologies like socialism,
populism, and neoliberalism have influenced its political landscape. In overall the
Latin America is a dynamic region grappling with complex socio-economic
challenges. Its countries are striving to address issues such as poverty,
inequality, and political stability while advancing economic development and
social progress.
 COLD WAR
The Cold War denotes a prolonged period of geopolitical tension and rivalry
between the United States and its Western allies on one side, and the Soviet
Union and its Eastern bloc allies on the other. This era persisted from the
conclusion of World War II in 1945 until the collapse of the Soviet Union in
1991. Its impact on global politics was profound, shaping alliances, instigating
conflicts, and significantly influencing the geopolitical landscape throughout
much of the 20th century.

NEW INTERNATIONALISM
It signifies a modern approach to global affairs that prioritizes cooperation,
solidarity, and collective action in confronting transnational challenges. It
marks a departure from conventional international relations paradigms that
often centered on state-centric perspectives or power struggles among
nations. This approach advocates for a more inclusive, cooperative, and fair
global order, where countries collaborate to address common issues and
advance the welfare of all individuals, irrespective of their nationality or
background.

DEVELOPING WORLD (1st world, 2nd world,

3rd world
During the Cold War, the terms "First World," "Second World," and "Third World"
categorized countries based on their political and economic alignments. Initially,
the First World included Western-aligned capitalist democracies like the United
States and its allies, while the Second World comprised Eastern-aligned socialist
or communist states such as the Soviet Union. The Third World referred to
unaligned and often economically underdeveloped nations in Africa, Asia, Latin
America, and Oceania. These terms are now considered outdated, with
"developed" and "developing" countries being more commonly used. In addition
the terms like "Global North" and "Global South" now highlight wealth and power
disparities across regions.