THE CITIZENSHIP TRAINING PROGRAM

MODULE 2 (Quarter 2) – BASIC

LEADERSHIP
 Competencies:
3. Demonstrate understanding and
Presentation are communication tools that can be used as

appreciation of the various aspects of

demontrations, lectures, reports, and more. it is mostly presented

leadership in the country.

before an audience. Presentation are communication tools that can be
used as demontrations, lectures, reports, and more.
3.1 Discuss how courtesy and discipline are
being applied in both civilian and military.
 Competencies:
3.2Presentation
Observe courtesytools
are communication and thatdiscipline
can be used as

before persons/agents in authority,

demontrations, lectures, reports, and more. it is mostly presented

elders, and other people in the

before an audience. Presentation are communication tools that can be
used as demontrations, lectures, reports, and more.
community.
3.3 Explain basic concepts of
Leadership in the Philippines
 Course Outline:
3. Basic Leadership Concepts
Presentation are communication tools that can be used as
3.1 Courtesy and discipline
demontrations, lectures, reports, and more. it is mostly presented
3.1.1 Salute
before an audience. Presentation are communication tools that can be
3.1.2 Respect to flag
used as demontrations, lectures, reports, and more.
3.2 Agents of discipline in the
Community
3.3 Basic leadership traits
Courtesy and Discipline
 Courtesy
Courtesy is defined as the
expression or manifestation of
consideration for the rights of
others. Courtesy means more than
merely obeying the forms of polite
conduct.
 Courtesy
It is a deep-rooted spirit of
friendliness and mutual
respect.
Discipline and courtesy are two inseparable
virtues of people working in the military, for
these are integral part of the soldier’s
personality.
 These ingredients, if religiously practiced in the
individual’s day – to – day activities will indeed
foster success in the undertakings of the
organization where he/she is involved. In the
military, courtesy is displayed by:
A. Proper execution of salute
B. Standing at attention during ceremonies
C. Observing proper decorum and protocol
D. Answering superiors with due respect
E. Giving briefings and making official calls
THE SALUTE
 A. THE SALUTE
The most important manifestation of all
military courtesies is the salute.
In the military establishments, the salute is
mostly used and it distinguishes the military
woman/man in its execution.
Salute indicates pride in herself/himself and
her/his unit and thus enhances the building up
of confidence in her/his ability to perform
her/his assigned duties well, even without being
told to do so.
 HOW TO SALUTE ?
From the position of attention or if
walking from the erect position, raise
the right hand smartly until the tip of
the forefinger touches the lower part
of the head gear, forearm inclined at
45 degrees, hand and wrist at
straight line, palm slightly inward,
thumb and fingers extended and
joined.
 HONORS TO THE
NATIONAL ANTHEM
AND FLAG
Article XVI, Section 1 of the 1986
Constitution states: “The Flag of the
Philippines shall be red, white and blue,
with a sun and three stars, as
consecrated and honored by the people
and recognized by law.”
A Filipino citizen must at all
times be loyal to the Republic,
honor the Philippine Flag and
National Anthem. Both the
military and civilian personnel,
during ceremonial honors (to
the anthem and flag) are to
observe the following:
 1. When the National Anthem is being
played, all dismounted personnel
should face the direction of the
music, stand at attention and salute.
The salute ends at the last note of the
Philippine National Anthem.
 2.The salute, is likewise, to be
exhibited when the anthem of any
friendly nation is being played.
3. During street parades, the national color is carried
and exhibited at the right side of other institutional
colors. All persons present during the parade and
review should stand at attention as the colors pass.
They should also observe the following:
a. Those in military uniform should render salute.
b. Those who are not in uniform (military attire)
should take off their headgears.
c. Women should, likewise, show their respect by
placing their right hand on the left side of their
chests.
4 .In any ceremony, the national flag
should not be allowed to touch the
ground.Proper handling and care
should be given.
 5.When the flag is being hoisted at
the flagpole, the blue color should be
above except in times of war when
the red is positioned over the blue
color.
 6.During a national
mourning, the flag is
hoisted to the top of the
pole the very slowly
lowered until it reaches
the middle of the pole.
The flag is at half-mast
and is usually observed
when a national figure
dies.
7. When placed in
vertical position, the
triangle that holds the
sun and the stars
should be on top, with
the blue color on the
right side.
8.When displayed over a casket, the
triangle should be in the direction of the
cadaver’s head, the blue stripe to the
right, the red to the left of the deceased,
with both colors evenly divided on each
side of the casket.
9. When on horizontal display (spread on
the wall), the triangle is at the right side,
with the blue color on top.
10. During the Philippine Flag Day, Filipinos should
show their patriotic spirit and respect for the
national color by displaying the flag outside their
homes, offices and schools. Everyone should take
a moment to salute the country’s symbols of pride
and freedom.
All freedom-loving
Filipinos are
encouraged to recite
the Pledge to the
Colors (Panunumpa sa
Watawat) as a
manifestation of unity
and patriotism.
LEADERSHIP
Leadership is defined as a process of
inducing and directing women/men to
cooperate towards achieving a common
goal. It is exercised over subordinates to
obtain willing obedience, confidence,
respect, understanding and loyal
cooperation, in order to accomplish
successfully the organizational objectives.
A leader has to possess the basic
ingredients necessary to enable her/him to
inspire and manage a group of people
successfully.

Effective leadership is a product of personal

example, good management and
responsibility. Thus, leadership is equated
with the accomplishment of a goal through
the direction of human resources.
 THE BASIC
PREREQUISITES
OF
LEADERSHIP
 ASSERTIVENESS
A leader must have her/his
presence felt in the group with bold
determination and positive
affirmation of convictions inspite of
challenges and difficulties.
 INTELLIGENCE
A leader must have the ability to
understand and deal with problems in a
given situation. In the military, the troop
leader has to make correct and decisive
actions because of the sensitive nature of
the organization. Wrong analysis and
weak judgments will ruin an operation.
 CHARACTER
To be a leader, a person must be of good
moral character. This may be indicated
by her/his own honesty, courage, good
manners, industry, bravery, hard work
and self control.
 ALERTNESS
This refers to the physical and mental
watchfulness and promptness in countering
threats and dangers and in coping with
emergencies. An alert leader should at all
times undertake precautionary and
protective options ahead of events.
 ALERTNESS
Mental alertness means watchfulness,
vigilance, and being observant of the
things around her/him.
Physical alertness refers to bodily
movements which shouldbe fast,
nimble and agile with stealth.
MARKED TRAITS A
LEADER SHOULD
POSSESS AND
DEVELOP
 LOYALTY
properly interpreted as the
continued consciousness of
membership and partnership
in the interest of service.
 DISCIPLINE
The state of order and obedience
existing within a command or an
organization. It is created within
a command by training, judicious
use of punishment and reward
and instilling a sense of
confidence.
 MORALE
refers to the physical and mental
state of every individual which is
independent of her/his attitude
towards everything that affects
her/him.
 ESPRIT DE CORPS
Refers to the pride in, loyalty to
and enthusiasm exhibited by a
member to the unit in which
she/he belongs.
 PROFICIENCY
The technical, physical and
analytical ability to do a job well.
 ENDURANCE
The physical and mental stamina
measured by the ability to
withstand pain, fatigue, stress
and hardship.
 HUMOR
The ability to appreciate and
narrate amusing situations with
bearing.
 JUDGEMENT
The ability to make quick and
wise decisions on valid facts.
 DEPENDABILITY
The ability to perform tasks with
or without supervision from one’s
superior.
 DECISIVENESS
The ability to make decisions
promptly and express them in a
clear and forceful manner.
 INITIATIVE
The ability to originate and start
a course of action, seeing what is
to be done, and what needs to be
done in a given situations.
 COURAGE
The mental quality to act calmly
in times of danger and hardships.
 BEARING
Creating a favorable impression in
carriage, appearance and personal
conduct and behavior at all times
and under any circumstances.
 FORCE
The ability to compel obedience to
her/his subordinates.
 ENTHUSIASM
The display of sincere interest and
zeal in the performance of duties.
 TACT
The ability to deal with situations
without hurting the feelings of
others.