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GENERAL STUDIES - DAILY TABLET

Earth’s Black Box

Australian scientists and artists are going to make black box of the planet to
hold the world accountable for their actions by creating a black box of the
planet

o The box will be constructed in Tasmania, an Australian island state off

the south coast.
o It will be made with 3-inch thick steel and covered with solar panels.
o It will operate much like a plane’s flight recorder, which records an
aircraft’s final moments before crashing.
o The storage drives inside Earth’s Black Box are designed to last for
around 30 to 50 years.

Reason for choosing the Tasmania:

o Tasmania was chosen for its relative geopolitical and environmental

safety, and the monolith will be designed to be resilient against threats
including cyclones, earthquakes and, with its sloped walls, attacks by
vandals.

Significance:

o Black box will actually help in preventing a major climate change

catastrophe.

NASA’s IXPE Mission

Recently, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched

a new mission named Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE).
IXPE observatory is a joint effort of NASA and the Italian Space Agency.
It will study “the most extreme and mysterious objects in the universe –
supernova remnants, supermassive black holes, and dozens of other high-
energy objects.”

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Its primary length is two years and the observatory will be at 600
kilometers altitude, orbiting around Earth’s equator.
It is expected to study about 40 celestial objects in its first year in space.
NASA’s Other Recent Missions:

o Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART).

o Mission Lucy (Jupiter Trojan Asteroids).
o Near-Earth Asteroid Scout

Supernova

 A supernova is an extremely powerful explosion that accompanies the

death of a massive star.

Black Hole

 A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even
light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been
squeezed into a tiny space.
 Gravitational waves are created when two black holes orbit each other
and merge.

NASA’s New Communications System: LCRD

Recently, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has

launched its new Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD).
It is the first-ever laser communications system that will pave the way for
future optical communications missions.

 Currently, most NASA spacecraft use radio frequency communications

to send data.

The LCRD payload is hosted onboard the US Department of Defense’s

Space Test Program Satellite 6 (STPSat-6). It will be in a geosynchronous
orbit, over 35,000km above Earth.
It will be controlled by engineers at the LCRD mission’s ground stations
in California and Hawaii.Significance:

o Laser uses infrared light and has a shorter wavelength than radio
waves. This will help the transmission of more data in a short time.

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 Using infrared lasers, LCRD will send data to Earth at 1.2 gigabits-
per-second (Gbps). At this speed, it will take less than a minute to
download a movie.

Atmanirbhar Hastshilpkar Scheme

Recently, the Atmanirbhar Hastshilpkar Scheme has been announced for the
Artisans of the North Eastern Region under the Ministry of Development
of North Eastern Region.About:

o Financial assistance will be provided to the grass root Artisans of the

region in the form of term loan for income generating activities for
setting up / expansion / modernization / working capital requirement
and other activities related to the sector.
o During the announcement, credit assistance of Rs 1 lakh each was
provided to as many as 17 artisans.
 The credit facility is collateral-free and carries a subsidized
interest rate of 6% p.a., which is repayable in 24 months.

Eligibility:

o Registered/ unregistered artisan/ Individual

o Having valid qualification or practicing any art form
o No existing loan from any other bank/ financial institution
o Bank Account

Launched by:

o North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd. (NEDFi).

Supersonic Missile Assisted Torpedo

Recently, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

successfully launched the Supersonic Missile Assisted Torpedo System
(SMART) from Wheeler Island in Odisha. About:

o It is a missile assisted release of the lightweight Anti-Submarine

Torpedo System for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) operations far
beyond torpedo range. It is a canister based missile system.

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o The system is a next generation missile-based standoff torpedo
delivery system.

Functioning:

o SMART, when launched from a warship or a truck-based coastal

battery, takes off like a regular supersonic missile.

Varunastra is the first indigenous heavyweight ship launched anti-submarine

electric torpedo.Significance:

o Strengthens the country’s maritime strategic capabilities.

o A major breakthrough for stand-off capability in anti-submarine
warfare.
 Project 28, approved in 2003, is a class of anti- submarine warship
corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy. It includes
INS Kamorta, INS Kadmatt, INS Kiltan and INS Kavaratti.
 Project 75 is a programme by the Indian Navy that entails
building six Scorpene-Class attack submarines (Kalvari, Khanderi,
Karanj, Vela, Vagir and Vagsheer).

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