Unit 5 Chemical bonding: lonic bonding Key points of the unit 13 10, ". 12. 13. Noble gases are very stable because their atoms have either an octet (/\SBRB) of electrons electrons in the outermost shell), or a duplet (@%(B) of electrons (2 electrons in the only ore ‘occupied shell) as in helium. Other atoms can also be very stable if they can get an octet (or duple ‘Anion (8) is an atom or a group of atoms having an overall electric charge. A simple ion (Fi +) is derived from a single atom. A polyatomic ion (SAI HEF) is derived from a group of a Positive ions are called cations (S2##-F); negative ions are called anions (628# Colours of some ions in aqueous solution should be memorised. Colours of some gemstones are due to traces of coloured jons and should be memorised A formula (JH#Zt) represents the smallest unit (using chemical symbols and numbers) of: substance or species under some specified conditions. Names and formulae of common ions should be memorised. All metals form ions: they usually form cations. Some non-metals form ions — most are anions. For metals in Groups I, Il and Ill, the number of positive charges on an ion = its group number For non-metals in Groups V, VI and Vil, the number of negative charges on an ion = 8 - group number Atoms can join together by chemical bonds ({{;/$'t) to form different compounds. There are thr main types of chemical bonds, namely, ionic bonds (842), covalent bonds (#/88i82) and metalic bonds (SAB). lonie bond is the strong non: ions. When a metal (which tends to lose electrons) and a non-metal (which tends to gain electrors) combine, they do so by the transfer of electrons, forming ions. The ions are held together by iast bond: electron + —> | me transfer 2,8,2 2,6 2,8 2,8 irectional electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely char electron diagram of magnesium oxide An ionic compound (f5{6 4) (or ionic substance) is a compound which consists of ions. ‘The formulae of ionic compounds can often be predicted using a short-cut method: XE => XY, (where a,b = ionic charge) 54 FUSEQuestions 5.1__ Electrical conductivity of compounds L battery {t light mom substance X The above diagram shows a set-up which can be used to find out if substance X is ‘A. anelement. B. acompound. C.anelectrical conductor. D. aheat conductor. 2. Which one of the following is the bese conductor of electricity? A. Sodium chloride crystals B, Ammonium chloride solution C. Water D. Ethanol 3. Which of the following substances can conduct electricity? (1) Molten lead(II) bromide (2) An aqueous solution of copper(II) sulphate (3) Amixture of ethanol and water A. (1)and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2)and (3) only D. (1),(2)and (3) 4. Which one of the following substances conducts a direct electric current without any chemical change? —_— Ssemucal bonding: lonic bonding a Magnesium sulphate solution Distilled water Magnesium ribbon Molten zine chloride poPrP The diagram below shows a set-up to electrolyse lead({t) bromide. ae graphite electrode graphite electrode Seon (positive) solid leadtt) bromide Which of the following changes would cause the bulb to light up? A. Using platinum electrodes instead of, graphite electrodes. B. Reversing ( electrodes. C. Adding more lead(II) bromide. D. Heating che lead(II) bromide until ic melts. )) the connections to the ‘Molten sodium chloride is a good conductor of electricity because A. any hot liquid can conduct electricity. B, it contains sodium ions and chloride ions. C. _itcontains mobile ions. D. the electricity splits sodium chloride into i a Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity, but aqueous sodium chloride does. This is because ‘A. no solids (except metals and graphite) can FUSEUnis 12, Which ofthe fllowing statements about, is/are correct? (1) Cations usually come from non-metals (2) A polyatomic ion is derived from 3, conduct electricity but liquids ean. B. water molecules conduct electricity. C. water allows the sodium chloride molecules to move freely. D._ ions from sodium chloride become mobile more atoms. in aqueous solution, (3) Anions are negatively charged ions. A. (I)only : . B. (only 8. A sugar cube is a non-conductor of electricity, ee aa at room temperature because ee Q A. no water is present. B._noions are present. C._ itsions are not mobile. D._ the temperature is not high enough. 2 Colours and migration of ions 9. Which of the following statements concerning Colour of ions electrolytes is INCORRECT? 13. The table below shows the colours of three A. Electrolytes are compounds which allow diferent compoandsin aquecis slatians electricity to flow through them when molten orin aqueous solution. Compound Colour B. There is chemical decomposition when Copper(ll) nitrate blue electrolytes conduct electricity. Nickel) nierate | green C. Compounds made of non-metals only can Potassium nitrate _| colourless never be electrolytes, D. Electrolytes can be solid, liquid or gas The colour of the nitrate ion A. isblue, B. is green, 10. Potassium chloride is a non-conductor of C. iscolourless electricity at room temperature because D. cannot be determined. Oo A. it does not contain ions. B. _ its ions are not mobile. C. itisanon-electrolyte, D. it consists of molecules. 14, Which of the following ions is coloured? A. Chromate ion B, Ammonium ion C. Hydroxide ion D, 11, Which of the following is/are electrolytes? Carbonate ion o (1) Mercury (2) Zine nitrate (3) Wax 15. Which of the following compounds forms? A. (only coloured solution? B. Q2)only A. Calcium chloride CC. (i)and (3) only B.Iron( ttt) nitrate D. (2)and(3) only C. Magnesium sulphate D. Sodium carbonate 0 _— _ FUSE16, What is the colour of an aqueous potassium permanganate solution? A. Red B. Purple C. Green D. Blue 17. Which of the following ions is NOT correctly matched with its colour? Ion Colour of ion A. Dichromate ion orange B. Iron({I) ion green C. Zincion yellow D. Chromium(III)ion green 18. Which of the following statements concerning the colours of ions in aqueous solutions is/are correct? (1) All Group I metal ions ate colourless @) All Group VII non-metal ions are colourless. All transition metal ions are colourless. (a) only (3) only (1) and (2) only Q)and (3) only Oo VOePS 19. Which of the following ions is yellow in aqueous solution? A. Chromate ion B. Dichromate ion C. Permanganate ion D. Sulphate ion Gemstones and ions 20. The bluish green colour of the gemstone turquoise is due to traces of A. copper(II) ion. B. iron(II) ion. C. chromium(II]) ion. ‘Chemical bonding: lonic bondir D._ nickel(I1) ion. oO 21, The gemstone emerald contains traces of chromium(IIl) ions. What should be its colour? A. Yellow B. Blue Cc. Green D. Purple 22, Which of the following combinations about gemstones and their coloured ions is correct? Ion responsible Gemstone forcolour A. Jade (green) copper({l) ion = Amethyst(purple) manganese(III) ion C. Peridot chromium(Il) ion (light green) D. Topaz (yellow) chromate ion Migration of ions Directions: Questions 23 - 24 refer to the following setup. ‘small potassium moist ter paper ermanganate crystal { ee t microscope slide 20Vde. supply 23, What will be observed after the circuit has been closed for 10 minutes? ‘A. Apurple patch slowly moves towards A. B. Apurple patch slowly moves towards B. CC. There are two purple patches - one slowly moves towards 4 and the other towards B. D. Acircular purple patch spreads out from the crystal in all directions. 57 FUSE24, What explanation can be given to the movement of the purple patch (BEM)? A. Potassium ions move towards the positive electrode (B) and permanganate ions move towards the negative electrode (A). B, Potassium ions move towards the negative electrode (B) and permanganate ions move towards the positive electrode (A). C. Potassium ions and permanganate ions repel each other under the influence of the electric field. D. Diffusion alone accounts for all. 25. The following set-up is used to demonstrate the migration of ions: 20Vd.c. supply catbon electrode A carbon electode 8 lute |_—_+ ‘hydrochloric acid 26. a solution containing copperil) ions and dichromate ions in gelatin The colours observed at the two electrodes after 15 minutes are: Anode A Cathode B Orange blue Blue orange Orange yellow Blue green Which of the following ions can be seen to move in an electric field? A B. G Dz Nitrate ion Sulphide ion Nickel({l) ion Silver ion Formation of ions from atoms 27. Which of the following particle 28. 29. 30. 31. are presen, in the hydrogen ion formed from hydrogen isotope? (1) Proton (2). Electron (3) Neutron A. (1)only B, (2)only C. (I)and (3) only D. (2)and(3) only 0 A particle has 17 protons, 18 neutrons and If) electrons. The particle is A. B. Cc D. aneutral atom. acation. an anion. isotopic with };Cl. o ‘An ion with 15 protons and 18 electrons would havea charge of A mh BR Oh, Cc 2-. D. 3-. Oo When a barium atom changes into a bariun ion Ba”, the barium atom. A B. c D. When a sulphur atom becomes a sulp! A. B. oe D. loses 1 electron. loses 2 electrons. gains 1 electron. gins 2 electrons. O ion its atomic mass changes by one unit. its atomic number increases by one unt it loses two electrons. o it gains two electrons. FUSE32, 33. 34, 35. 36, What is the charge on the ions formed by the element with atomic number 19? A. 2+ B. 1+ Cel D. 2- 37. When an atom of an element X loses three electrons, its electronic arrangement becomes 2,8. What is X? A. Nitrogen B. Magnesium C. Aluminium D. Silicon 38. In forming magnesium fluoride, magnesium and fluorine atoms A. both get the electronic arrangement of neon. both get the electronic arrangement of argon. C. get the electronic arrangement of neon B. and argon respectively. D. get the electronic arrangement of argon and neon respectively. An element X (atomic number 20) combines with element ¥ (atomic number 17). Which one of the following represents the electronic arrangements of the ions formed? TonfromX Ton from 53 39. A. 2,8,8,2 2,8,7 B. 2,88 2,8,7 C. 2,8,8,2 2,8,8 D. 2,88 2,8,8 The particles which have the same electronic arrangement as an argon atom include (1) sulphide ion. (2) chloride ion. (3) calcium ion. Which of the following is correct? A. (1)and (2) only B. (1)and (3) only C. (2)and (3) only D. (1), (2)and (3) A particle, with an electronic arrangement of 2, 8, has 8 protons in its nucleus. It is A. aneon atom. a fluoride ion. an oxygen atom. B, G, D. an oxide ion. The particle shown above has 12 protons in its nucleus. Ie may carry an overall charge, which is not shown here. The particle is A. anatom of a noble gas. B. _anatom of a Group VI element in Period 2. C. an anion of a Group VI element in Period 2. a cation of a Group II element in Period 3. Formulae and names of ions A barium atom, '$3Ba, forms a Ba” ion. This Ba” ion has (1) 56 protons. (2) 82neutrons. (3) $8 electrons. Which of the following is correct? A. (1)and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. 2)and (3) only D. (1),(2)and (3) fe) 59 FUSE40. 41, 42, 43. 44, 45. —_ Which of the following contains the same number of electrons as an atom of neon? A cr Bo oLi CNA D. PY Which of the following pairs of atoms/ions has the same number of electrons? A. Na‘andF B. H'andHe C. Ca andN™ D. CI'ands* Which of the following is an isoelectronic (% ‘MF WES) pair? A. ‘Hand*H B. Na‘ andl C Clandcr D. Mg” andS* Which of the following is NOT an isoelectronic Which of the following pairs has an nnequal number of electrons? A. Ne,N* B. Li,Be” c PA D. Mg’,s* o Which of the following particles have the electronic arrangement 2, 8, 8? (1) ar (2) s* (@) cae 46. 47. 48. 49, 50. A. (1)and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2)and (3) only D. (1),(2)and (3) t Which of the following does NOT have, electronic arrangement of a noble gas? AL Ar B. Na’ c Br DP q Which of the following pairs has the san, electronic arrangement? A. LiandNa B, O* and F Cc. ClandNe D. Mg’ and Ar Q ‘An arom X has an atomic number of 16 ani a mass number of 34. What is the atomic structure of the X* ion? Electrons Protons Neutrons A 16 16 18 B16 18 18 cB 16 18 D6 18 w O An ion X* has 18 electrons. The number ol protons in the nucleus is A Is. B18. can D. 24. Oo A cation ¥* has 24 electrons and a mas number of $4. The number of neutrons in tht cation is A 24, B. 26, FUSEDirections: Questions 51 ~ $2 refer to the following table, which shows the number of neutrons and lectrons in five given atoms/ions: Cc. 28. D. 30. omnten Number of neutrons electrons x 8 8 ¥ 8 6 z 12 10 go 9 10 R 12 10 51. Which of the following atoms is an isotope of x aS AY, BZ a Q DR 52. Which of the following pairs has the same number of electrons? A. ZandQ B. X*andY Cc ZandQ*™ D. Xvand O 53. Which of the following formulae stand for ions? (1) CCl, 2) NHS (3) OW A. (1)and (2) only B. (1)and (3) only ©. @)and (3) only D. (W,@)and@) O 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. Chena ending oictotng |) Which of the following is NOT a polyatomic ion? A. Sulphate ion B. Hydride ion C. Carbonate ion D. Hydroxide ion Which of the following pairs of ions does calcium chloride solution contain? A. Ca" and Cr B. Ca’ and Cl” Cc. Ca” and Cl’ D. Caandcl’ Which of che following has che formula NO;? A. Nitrite ion B. Nitride ion C. Nitrate ion D. Nitricion Oo What is the formula of permanganate ion? A. Mn™ B. Mn" Cc. MnO, D. MnO, Which of the following combinations of names and formulae of ions is INCORRECT? Name Formula A. Dichromateion Cr0," B. Carbonateion COs” C. Sulphate ion soe D. Phosphateion PO,” Oo Which of the following ions is a cation? A. Oxide ion B. Ammonium ion C. Hydroxide ion D. Chlorate ion Oo a FUSE60. Which of the following ions does NOT have ‘common name ending in either -ate or -ite? A Ss B. so, Cc. so” D. HSO, 61. Which ofthe following ions is INCORRECTLY named? A. NH,'-aluminium ion B. H’-hydrideion CCN’-gyanide ion D. Mg"*- magnesium ion oO 62. A sulphate of chromium is an ionic compound with the chemical formula Cr,(SO,).. Which of the following is most likely to be the chemical formula when the same chromium ion forms a compound with phosphate ion, PO,”? A. Cr,{PO,)s B. CrPO, Cc. CPO, D. Cr(PO,); 63. Which of the following formulae is named correctly? A. Mg.N,-magnesium nitride B. Na,SO,- sodium sulphare C. CaSO, - calcium sulphite D. Zn(NO,),-zine nitrite oO 5.4 Elements and ions 64, Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. All metals form ions. B. For metals in Groups I, II and II, the number of positive charges on an ion is usually equal to its group number. C._Non-metals can form negative ions only. 65. 66. 7. 68, 69. D. For non-metals in Groups V, VI and yj, the number of negative charges on anigg is usually equal to ‘8 - group number’ ] Francium (Fr) is in the same group of the Periodic Table as potassium. Which one of the, following would be the correct formula of an ion of feancium? AL Fr BF Cc. Fe D. Fr Qo Element X has an atomic number of 20. Wha is the charge of its ion? A I+ B. 2+ cb D. 2- oO An atom X has an atomic number 17. This. atom will form an ion represented as, A x. B. Xx, G x, D. xe o Which of the following statements are corret for the element with atomic number 16? (1) Itisa non-metallic element. (2) Ieforms ions of charge 2-. (3) Icisin Group VI of the Periodic Table. A. (1)and (2) only B. (1)and (3) only C. 2)and (3) only D. (1),(2)and (3) 0 ‘An atom X of a solid element forms a X" ie? ‘The element may have an atomic number of AL 5. a FUSEhemi bonding oicbnding {| B. 7. D. (1), (2)and (3) o C13, D. 18. 5.5 __lonic bond and ionic substances Directions: Questions 70 - 75 refer to the atoms —_ onic bond shown below. A, B, C and D are atoms of four elements whose outermostmost electron shells are 77. In which pare of the Periodic Table would the elements form ionic bonds with potassium? shown, All the atoms have a noble gas electronic structure beneath their outermostmost shell. A 8 c D 70. Which may be a Group IV element? 78. In most chemical reactions, there is a ‘A. redistribution of all the electrons of the particles involved. B. redistribution of the valence electrons of 71, Which may be a noble gas? the particles involved. 72. Which element is likely to be the most C. change in atomic number of the particles unreactive? involved. D. change in mass number of the particles involved. 73. Which is most likely to lose an electron to form a positive ion M’? 79. Tonic bond is (1) the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. (2) strong and non-directional. (3) formed by sharing of electrons between 75. Which will react readily with chlorine to form two atoms. an ionic compound? Which of the following is correct? A. (I)and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2)and (3) only D. (1),(2)and (3) 74, Which is most likely co gain an electron to form a negative ion X°? 76. An atom Q forms a Q" ion. Q and have the same (1) chemical properties. (2) number of electrons. (3) number of neutrons. 80, Which of che following pairs of elements will Which of the following is INCORRECT? form an ionic compound? A. (1)and (2) only A. Nitrogen and chlorine B. (1)and (3) only B. Bromine and iodine C. Q)and (3) only C. Carbon and fluorine 63 FUSE64 D. Lithium and bromine 81, ‘The element with atomie number 17 will form ionic bonds most readily with the element whose atomic number is A 3. B16, C18. D. 19. Oo 82. The electron diagram of magnesium chloride would be A.) [xe] a [eee] al [] ctu! [eee] Dw 83, Which of the following pairs of elements, when combined, has the electronic structure as follows? Ola x x Sodium oxygen B. Oxygen sodium C. Magnesium chlorine D. Chlorine magnesium oO 84, If all che ions in an ionic compound (¥"),¥° have the electronic arrangement of argon, what are the elements X and ¥2 x Xx A. Sulphur —_porassium B, Potassium sulphur C. Sodium oxygen D. Oxygen sodium 85. Ais an ionic compound with a formula x) where X and ¥ represent the cation and anig respectively. Ifthe electronic arrangement of, and Yare the same, A may be A, sodium oxide. B. magnesium bromide. C. silicon dioxide, D. calcium chloride. Q 5.6 _ Structures of solid ionic compounds 86. 87. 88, Sodium chloride is a crystalline ionic solid wi, the chemical formula NaCl. Which diagran shows the arrangement of particles in soli sodium chloride? “— Q B. Which of the following statements about ion compounds is INCORRECT? ‘A. Anionic compound is a compound mai up ofons. B. Molten ionic compounds conduc clectrciy. C. Allionic compounds have giant ion structures. D. An ionic compound must have equ: numbers of cations and anions. Which of the following compounds does NO! have a giant ionic structure? ‘A. Ammonium chloride B. Copper(tt) sulphate C. Potassium iodide FUSED. Ammonia 5.]__ Formulae and names of ionic compounds Formulae of ionic compounds 89. 90. 91, 92, 93, The formula for ‘common salt’ is A. Na,Cl. B. NaCl, Cc. NaCl. D. CINa. Which of che following is a correct formula? A. Fe(OH), B. Zn,CO, Cc. NaNO, D. NH,SO, ‘An inorganic compound X,Y, has a giant ionic structure. The ions present in the compound A. X*ionsand Y” ions. B. X* ions and Y* ions. C. ¥* ions and X* ions. D. Y*ions and X” ions. Elements X and ¥ react to form an ionic compound with a formula XY. If Y belongs to Group VI of the Periodic Table, to which group does X belong? A BOIL c D. VI Elements X and Y react to form an ionic compound with a formula of XY. Y is probably an element from Group AW. ~~ i Chemical bonding tonichonding || c vi D. vil. oO Directions: Questions 94 ~ 97 refer to the following formulae: A x Bx" c. x0," a om 94. 95. 96. 97. What type of ion is found in iron({1) hydroxide? What type of ion is found in aluminium oxide? What type of ion is found in sodium phosphate? What type of ion is found in ammonium carbonate? Prediction of formulae for ionic compounds 98. Barium (Ba) is in Group Il of the Periodic Table, 99. and astatine (At) is in Group VII. What is the formula of the compound formed between barium and astatine? A. BaAc B. Ba,Ac C. Bag D. BaAty The ionic formula for iron({IIl) sulphate is A. Fe,(SO.)s. B. Fe"SO,?. c Hof), D. (Fe”),(S0,")s. FUSEUnie S 100. Caesium (Cs) is an alkali metal, The formula of its sulphate is AL C880. B. (C3),S0,. C. Cs,S0,. D. Cs(SO),. 101. Iron can form Fe” and Fe” ions. Which of the following sets can be the correct formulae of three of its compounds? A. Fe(OH), Fe(OH), FeNO, B. FeSO, Fe,(SO,),, FeBr, C. Fe,O,, FeS, Fel D. _ Fe(NO,),,Fe,O, FeCO, 102, An element M has the electronic arrangement 2,8,8, 2. Another element X has the electronic arrangement 2, 8, 6. Mand X combine to form compound, The formula of the compound is AL MX. B. MX. Cc MX. D. MX. 103. Elements X and Y have atomic numbers 20 and 7 respectively. The formula for the compound formed between X and ¥ would be A XY. Bey, G ky D. XY. Oo 104, Ifthe atomic number of an element Xis 19, the formula of its oxide is A. XO. B. X,0. Cc. X,05 D. XO, E 105, A metal M forms an oxide with the form, 1M,Os. What is the formula of the chloride, a ‘ A. MCI B. MCI, c. MCh D. MC, C 106. The formula for the sulphide of strontiuy ‘metal is SrS, Which of the following would}, the formula for strontium hydroxide? A. SrOH B. OHSr Cc. Sx(OH), D. (OH),sr O 107, An element X forms an ion X*. This ior contains 10 electrons. What is the ionid formula of the bromide of X? A. Ca*(Br), B. CaBr, Cc. Mg"(Br): D. MgBry QO 108, What is the best name for the compourl FeSO,+7H,0? A. Iron sulphate-7-water B. Hydrated ferrous sulphate C._Iron({l) sulphate D, Iron({I) sulphate-7-wacer G 109. Which of the following compounds is correc named? Formula Name A. Na,SiO, sodium silicate B. K,Cr0, potassium dichromate C. NaPO, sodium phosphide 0 D. Ca(HCO,), calcium carbonate 110. Which of the following compounds is/#"* correctly named? FUSEa) @) @) poe CuSO,-SH,O copper sulphate NaNO, sodium nitrite FeO, iron(I1) oxide (1) only (2) only (1) and (2) only (2)and (3) only 5.8__Miscellancous questions 111. Compounds made of non-metals only are in general non-conductors of electricity whether solid, liquid or in aqueous solution. An exception is A B. (es D. methane. carbon monoxide. hydrogen chloride. ethanol. 112. Lead(tl) bromide does NOT conduct electricity at room temperature because A B. ( D. itis not soluble in water. it is a covalent compound. the Pb" ions and Br’ ions are not mobile. lead is a metal but bromine is a non- metal. 113, The atomic numbers of two elements X and Yare 12 and 17 respectively. The compound formed between X and ¥ A B. c D. is aliquid at room temperature. has a formula X,Y. isan electrolyte. is coloured, Oo Directions: Questions 114 - 116 refer to the formula of a compound: (Chemical bonding:fonicbonding_| cH, — cH, " NH, -NHy \Z —Fre —NH (NOs LON LZ NS cH, Hy CH 114. The number of different elements in the compound is A B 4. GG D. 6 115. Each formula unit contains A. Lion. 116. The formula shown is A. anionic formula, B. amolecular formula. C. acomplex formula. D. anelectron diagram. 117. X and Y are atoms of ewo different elements. ‘The electron diagram ofthe compound formed between X and Yis shown below: Which of the following statements are correct? (1) There are five outermost shell electrons in an atom of X, (2) There are eight outermost shell electrons in an atom of ¥. 07 FUSEL Unies 118, 119. (3) The compound consists of polyatomic cations and simple anions. A. (1)and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2)and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) A student carried out the experiment shown below to study the migration of ions (X" and Y*) in aqueous solution. He observed that a blue patch slowly moves towards B while nothing moves towards A. ‘small ionic crystal with ‘moist iter paper the formula XY" A B microscope side 20Vde. supply Which of the following conclusion can be made from the experimental results? (1) (aq) ions are blue in colour. (2) ¥*(aq) ions are colourless. (3) ¥*(aq) ions are not mobile, A. Q)only B. (3)only CC. (1)and (2) only D. (1)and(3) only Ifa polyatomic ion XO," has 42 electrons, what is the number of protons in an arom of x A 2) iB, 16 C24 D. 30 Oo 120. Which ofthe following ionic compounds dy, NOT have both cation and anion with oy structures? A. NaO B. CaO c. Lio D. ALO, C 121. Elements A and B react to form an ionjy compound with the chemical formula A,B. and B could be (1) lithium and sulphur. (2) aluminium and oxygen. (3) magnesium and chloride. A. (1)only B. (2) only C. (1)and (3) only D. (2)and (3) only E FUSEChemical bonding: tonic bonding Directions: Each question below (Questions 122 ~ 130) consists of two separate statements. Decide whether each of the two statements is true ot false; if both are true, then decide whether or not the second statement isa correct explanation of the first statement. Then select one option from A to D according to the following cable: AL Both statements are true and the 2nd statement is a correct explan: ion of the Ist statement, B. Both statements are true but the 2nd statement is NOT a correct explanation of the Ist statement, C. The Ist statement is false but the 2nd statement is true, D. Both statements are false. Ast statement 2nd statement 122. When a small amount of ammonium nitrate _A solution of ammonium nitrate contains mobil 123. 124, 12s. 126, 127, 128. 129, 130, is added to distilled water, there is a great increase in electrical conductivity. Lead(Il) bromide and lead are both electrolytes. Solid aluminium oxide can conduct electricity. Neon and argon are chemically inert. O* and S* have the same electronic arrangement. All non-metals are non-conductors of electricity. ‘An atom and its ion have entirely different physical and chemical properties. ‘A metal M which forms an ionic chloride MCl, must belong to Group I of the Periodic Table. Neon and oxide ion have similar chemical properties. ions. UJ Both molten lead(II) bromide and molten lead can conduct electricity. Tons are produced in solid aluminium oxide by an electric current. ‘The outermost shells of neon and argon have an octet of electrons. Both O* and * have the stable octet. Non-metals do not form ions. An atom and its ion have different electronic arrangements. Only metals in Group II of the Periodic Table form ions with two positive charges. Neon and oxide ion have the same electronic arrangement. 0 FUSE