MDPN141 – MANUFACTURING

PROCESSES I

LAB #6 REPORT

Drilling

Prepared for
Eng. Abdelrahman Ouf
Cairo University Faculty of Engineering
Mechanical Department

Prepared by

Yusuf Mohamed Abulfotouh – 1200885

May 12th , 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction………………………………………………………………… 3
Section I……………………………………………………………………. 4
Requirement 1………..……..……………………………….. 4
Section II…………………………………………………………………… 6
Requirement 3………………………………………...……… 6
Section III…………………………………………………………………….8
Requirement 4………………………………………………… 8

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 Introduction
Drill is a tool used for making round holes or driving fasteners. It is fitted with a
bit, either a drill or driver chuck. with hand-operated types dramatically
decreasing in popularity and cordless battery-powered one’s proliferating. Drills
are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, construction, machine
tool fabrication, construction and utility projects. Specially designed versions
are made for miniature applications.
Drilling machine is one of the frequently used machines on daily basis. The
functionality of this machine made it usable even in many houses. The need of
creating a hole to put a frame on the wall, the need of creating a hole to fixate a
library, a TV, the need of creating a hole to join two furniture together; all of
this require drills at home. Drills are also one of the most crucial machines in
the Workshops, to assemble 2 parts, to create multi holes for many needs, the
use of fixating parts needs holes and fasteners. But fundamentally Drills are the
number one need.
Drills can be found with different types, such as:
1- Bench-type drilling machine
2- Upright drilling machine
3- Radial drilling machine

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 Section I
Requirement (1): What are the main specifications of the upright drill and the
radial drill used in the workshop?

A- Upright drill:
Upright drills are one of the most common
machines found in the machine shop. The upright
drill is a machine that turns and advances a rotary
tool into a workpiece. The upright drill is used
primarily for drilling holes, but when used with the
proper tooling, it can be used for a number of
machining operations. The most common
machining operations performed on an upright drill
are drilling, reaming, tapping, counterboring,
countersinking, and spot facing.

The specifications of the machine are:

Main Motor Power (hp) 5 horsepower

Rotational Directions 2 Rotational Directions
Feed Motion Automatic or Manual feed
Feed Range From 0.08mm to 1.25 mm
Bolt Diameter Range From 1mm to 38mm
Operational Speeds 9 Speeds from 63 rpm to 1000 rpm

Components of the machine:

1) Square table: the table on which the

workpiece is fixated on. It has T-slots for
proper fixation
2) Column: holds the machine together and acts
as a support.
3) Elevating Screw: changes the height to give
more space for taller workpieces to be
machined.
4) Spindle: holds the drill or cutting tools and
revolves in a fixed position in a sleeve. In
most drilling machines, the spindle is
vertical, and the work is supported on the horizontal table.
5) Feed Gear box: alters and changes the feed value of the spindle.
6) Speed Gear box: alters and changes the speed of the spindle.

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B- Radial Drill:
Radial arm drill machines are an ideal solution
for drilling precise holes of different sizes and
depths in large pieces that cannot be moved to
achieve drilling. This technology is perfect for
drilling, boring, reaming, tapping and
counterboring very large and heavy parts of
different metrologies.

The specifications of the machine are:

This machine has 3 motors
Primary Motor Power (hp) 5 horsepower
Secondary Motor Movement Vertical Movement
Third Motor Movement Horizontal Movement
Bolt Diameter Range From 1mm to 67.2mm
Speeds Range From 25 rpm to 2000 rpm
Feed Range From 0.04 to 3.2

Components of the machine:

1- Base: holds components together and absorbs vibrations and shocks of the
machine.
2- Table: it is above the base and use to hold the
workpiece. It has T-slots to fixate the workpiece
while machining.
3- Column: used as a support for the machine and
gives the radial arm the degree of freedom to
rotate 360°.
4- Radial Arm: rotates 360° and moves vertically to
be used to machine different sizes of
workpieces. (Large sizes)
5- Spindle: holds the drill or cutting tools and
revolves in a fixed position in a sleeve.
6- Feed Gear box: alters and changes the feed value of the spindle.
7- Speed Gear box: alters and changes the speed of the spindle.
8- Drilling head: it is mounted on the radial arm and drives the drill spindle. It
engages all mechanisms to drive and feed the drill at different speeds.
9- Elevating Screw: engaged with the radial arm using a specific thread pitch and
allows the radial arm to ascend and descend vertically.
10- Drive motor: the primary functioning motor of the machine and has 2 secondary
motors, one for the vertical movement and one for the horizontal movement.
11- Chuck: used to hold the drill bit tight.

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 Section II
Requirement (2): Explain by neat sketch how a taper-shank tool is released
from the drill machine spindle.

First bring your safety equipment as goggles and gloves. Then to remove the
taper-shank first we use the Drift, this Drift goes through the shank and touches
the Tang, then we strike the Drift against the Tang by hand or a hammer or any
other tool. The Tang repels the machine spindle out and the twist drill can be
grabbed out of the chuck with the other hand.

Requirement (3): Show diagrammatically the sequence of operations used to

produce the workpiece given:

1st Operation: Determine the exact position of the hole and mark it using a
marker
2nd Operation: Create a small crater in the workpiece to prevent the drill from
skewing or moving when it touches the workpiece.

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3rd Operation: Operate the machine motor and fixate the workpiece in place
using the T-slots in the table. The drill should be revolving with 630 rpm and
feed 0.06 rev/mm.
4th Operation: The drill is descended to create the hole, it is descended 55mm

5th Operation: A different drill bit is now used to create the inner chamfer of the
workpiece. This drill bit is descended 5 mm. To create the final shape desired.

Note: Constantly make sure that there’s cold water to decrease the temperature
of the machined part. Then after finishing clean from the chips.

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 Section III
Requirement (4): Estimate the machining time for the tapping operation shown
if the cutting velocity is equal to 0.1 m/s:

Machining Time can be calculated theoretically by:

𝑇 = = = 0.01𝐿 seconds

First choose a drill bit size suitable for the process

the drill size will determine the major diameter
pitch. Then clap the drill bit in the chuck and it
should be concentric and fixated then set the
cutting speed of the drill to be 0.1 m/s.
Secondly, apply lubricant like oil to the drill bit and
the surrounding area then lower the bit until it makes contact with the
workpiece. Then peck drill into the workpiece. With constant lubrication drill to
the chosen depth.
Thirdly and finally, tapping the hole manually. We can tap the hole using taps
and guide blocks found near the manual mills in the tool box. Use the guide
block with the precise tap hole size then place it over the hole and drill finally.
The time taken for this operation is estimated to be 72 seconds