TAG – Forces, Motion, and Energy

Learning Competency: Investigate the relationship between the amount of force

applied and the mass of the object to the amount of change in the object’s
motion (S8FE-Ia-15)
Topic: Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Law of Acceleration
Activity No_____
Lesson Objectives: At the end of the period, the learners should be able to:
1. relate the amount of force applied and the mass of the object to the amount
of change in the object’s motion;
2. state Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion or Law of Acceleration;
3. demonstrate how the amount of applied force and mass of object affect the
acceleration; and
4. apply the concept of Law of acceleration in athletics, car racing, travelling,
etc.

Task 1: (To be prepared a day before the activity to be conducted)

Secure the materials needed for the activity. Number of materials will
depend on the number of groups depending on the teacher.

Task 2. (Preliminary activity)

1. Before starting the main activity, divide the class into groups (number
of groups formed depend on teacher’s discretion).
2. Give each group the set of materials needed for the activity.

LAS – Forces, Motion, and Energy

Change Me....
I. Objectives: After the activity, I will be able to:
1. compare the effect of the amount of force and mass to the amount of
change in object’s motion; and
2. state the relationship of force applied and mass to the amount of
change in object’s motion.

II. Materials:
Ping pong ball
Golf ball or tennis ball
Plastic ruler (flexible)

III. Procedure:
Set up 1: Equal Applied Force – Different mass

1. On the table or floor, put marks for the starting point and release point.
Make sure that the starting point and release point for Set-ups A and B
are the same.

Prepared by: EDNA ROSE P. GUECO, HT VI

GLADYS G. GERONA, MT II
 2. Ask two (2) members in the group to hold and arrange the materials
following the Set-ups A and B in Figure 1.

IV. Analysis Question

1. What does the change in motion of an object refers to?

Acceleration (a)

2. Based on set up 1, how did the motion of ping pong ball compared
3. with the motion
Carefully of tennis
bend the ball? Explain
ruler backward Why?
up to the release point (pre marked
The ping pong ball
on the table or floor.moves faster than the tennis ball or tennis ball
moves slower than the ping pong ball.
4. Release the bent ruler at same time. Compare the motion of the two
The mass
balls. of Ping
Record yourpong ball is less
observations in compared
Table 1. with the mass of tennis
ball, applying EQUAL amount of force on the two balls, the ping pong
ball with lesser mass moves faster than the tennis ball with greater
Table 1.
mass.
Balls Mass Observation
3. How Ping
doespong
massBall Small
(m) affect the change Ping pong ball
in object’s moves
motion (a)?faster
Tennis Ball Big Tennis ball moves
At the same amount of applied Force (F), the lesser the mass slower
(m) the
greater is the change in its motion (a), while the greater the mass (m)
Set
theup 2: Equal
lesser is themass
change– Different Applied
in its motion (a). Force

5. Based
4. Using the marks
on set forhow
up 2, the did
starting point and
the motion release
of tennis point
ball in Set-up with
A compared 1, ask
the
twomotion of tennis
(2) members in ball B? Explain
the group Why?
to hold and arrange the materials
The
following the Set-ups A and B in Figure tennis
tennis ball A moves faster than the 2. ball B.

Having equal mass, the applied Force (F) in Ball A is greater

compared with the applied Force (F) in ball B, having EQUAL masses
(m), Ball A with greater applied Force (F) moves faster Ball B with
lesser applied Force (F).

5. How does the applied Force (F) affect the change in object’s motion
(or acceleration)?
At the same mass (m), the greater amount of applied Force(F) the
greater is the change in its motion (a), while the lesser applied Force
6. (F), the lesser
Carefully bendisthe
theruler
change in its motion
backward (a).release point (pre marked
up to the
on the table or floor. Take note ruler A bent greater than the ruler B.

V. 7.Conclusion:
Release the bent ruler at same time. Compare the motion of the two
balls. Record your observations in Table 2.
I therefore conclude that
Table 2.
At same (constant) amount of applied Force (F), the lesser the mass
(m) the greater is the change in its motion (a), while the greater the
mass Balls Applied
(m) the lesser Force
is the Observation
change in its motion (a).
Ball A Big Ball A moves faster
Ball B Small
At same mass (m), the greater amount Ball
of B movesForce(F)
applied slower the greater
is the change in its motion (a), while the lesser applied Force (F), the
lesser is the change in its motion (a).

Prepared by: EDNA ROSE P. GUECO, HT VI

GLADYS G. GERONA, MT II
Task 4: Processing Guide Questions towards achieving the Lesson
Objectives
1. Recalling question no. 1 in the activity, what does the change in motion of
an object refers to?
Acceleration (a)

2. How does mass (m) affect the change in object’s motion (a)?
At the same amount of applied Force (F), the lesser the mass (m) the
greater is the change in its motion (a), while the greater the mass (m) the
lesser is the change in its motion (a).

3. How the applied Force (F) does affect the change in object’s motion (a)?
At the same mass (m), the greater amount of applied Force (F) the greater
is the change in its motion (a), while the lesser applied Force (F), the
lesser is the change in its motion (a).

4. How would you relate the mass (m) of an object and Force (F) applied on
an object to its acceleration?
Based on the activity, the relationship of the mass (m) and Force (F) to the
acceleration (a) is known to be the Law of Acceleration which states that
“Acceleration is directly proportional to the Force (F) applied and inversely
proportional to its mass (m)”.

Task 4: Application
1. The acceleration of an object depends on the net force applied and the
object’s mass.
1
2. Modern racing cars are made up of light materials. a∞ .
m
Thus racing cars can have greater acceleration and higher speed.

References:
Lesson Plan in Science IV (Physics) pp. 489 – 492
Science Learner’s Module pp. 12 - 16
https://betterlesson.com/lesson/634249/newton-s-2nd-law-ping-pong-ball-activity-
newton-s-laws-expo-5-of-9

Prepared by: EDNA ROSE P. GUECO, HT VI

GLADYS G. GERONA, MT II
LAS – Force, Energy, and Motion

Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: __________

Activity No: ______

Change Me....

I. Objectives: After the activity, I will be able to:

1. compare the effect of the amount of force and mass to the amount of
change in object’s motion; and
2. state the relationship of force applied and mass to the amount of change in
object’s motion.

II. Materials:
Ping pong ball, Golf ball or tennis ball, Plastic ruler (flexible)

III. Procedure:

Set up 1: Equal Applied Force – Different mass

1. On the table or floor, put marks for the starting point and release point.
Make sure that the starting point and release point for Set-ups A and B are
the same.

2. Ask two (2) members in the group to hold and arrange the materials
following the Set-ups A and B in Figure 1.

3. Carefully bend the ruler backward up to the release point (pre marked on
the table or floor.

4. Release the bent ruler at same time. Compare the motion of the two balls.
Record your observations in Table 1.

Table 1.
Balls Mass Observation
Ping pong Ball
Tennis Ball

Prepared by: EDNA ROSE P. GUECO, HT VI

GLADYS G. GERONA, MT II
 Set up 2: Equal mass – Different Applied Force

5. Using the marks for the starting point and release point in Set-up 1, ask
two (2) members in the group to hold and arrange the materials following
the Set-ups A and B in Figure 2.

6. Carefully bend the ruler backward up to the release point (pre marked on
the table or floor. Take note ruler A bent greater than the ruler B.

7. Release the bent ruler at same time. Compare the motion of the two balls.
Record your observations in Table 2.

Table 2.

Balls Applied Force Observation

Ball A
Ball B

IV. Analysis Questions

1. What does the change in motion of an object refers to?

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

2. Based on set up 1, how did the motion of ping pong ball compared with
the motion of tennis ball? Explain Why?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

3. How does mass (m) affect the change in object’s motion (or acceleration)?
___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

4. Based on set up 2, how did the motion of tennis ball A compared with the
motion of tennis ball B? Explain Why?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

5. How does the applied Force (F) affect the change in object’s motion (a)?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

V. Conclusion:
I therefore conclude that
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Prepared by: EDNA ROSE P. GUECO, HT VI

GLADYS G. GERONA, MT II