Industry Analysis and Application of Islamic Banking

Principles

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Introduction:

Pakistan's automobile industry is relatively young compared to developed nations but has
witnessed significant growth in recent years. Rising disposable income for a growing middle
class is creating demand for personal vehicles. Government incentives and policies like reduced
duties on locally assembled cars and tax breaks for electric vehicles are boosting production.
Population growth is large and growing population presents a vast potential market. However,
the industry faces challenges like, Competition from imports, Limited technology and research,
Infrastructure gaps and economic instability.

Islamic banking offers alternative financing options that align with religious principles. There are
steps how these principles can be applied to the automobile industry in Pakistan:
 Murabaha: Islamic auto financing contracts can be structured as murabaha, where the
bank buys the car and sells it to the customer at a pre-determined profit margin. This
provides a transparent and fixed-cost financing option.
 Ijarah: The car can be leased to the customer through an ijarah contract, where
ownership remains with the bank, and the customer pays rent for its use. This allows
access to vehicles without incurring debt.
 Sukuk: The industry can raise capital through sukuk, Islamic bonds that represent
ownership stakes in underlying assets. This can provide additional funding for
research and development, infrastructure improvements, or expansion projects.

Integrating Islamic banking principles into the automobile industry presents both challenges and
opportunities. Challenges include, Limited awareness, Regulatory framework and Product
development. Despite these challenges, there are significant opportunities for growth, Untapped
market, Differentiation and Economic growth. The Pakistani automobile industry holds immense
potential for growth, and Islamic banking principles can play a crucial role in its development.
By addressing challenges and utilizing available opportunities, stakeholders can create a thriving
industry that caters to the needs of a growing and religiously conscious consumer base.

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Background Of Automobile Industry in Pakistan:
The automobile industry plays a crucial role in any country, impacting various aspects beyond
just transportation. Some key points are below:

Significant contributor to GDP.

Job creation.
Technological advancement.
Social impact, trade and commerce.

The automobile industry in Pakistan is one of the smallest but fastest growing industries in the
country, growing by 171% between 2014 and 2018. It accounts for 3% of Pakistan's GDP and
employed a workforce of over 3.5 million people as of 2018. Pakistan is the 23rd largest
producer of automobiles. Its contribution to the national treasury is nearly Rs. 50-billion
(US$220 million). Pakistan had launch first Auto Policy in 2005, However, on 19 March 2016,
Pakistan passed a second Auto Policy 2016-21, which offers tax incentives to new automakers to
establish manufacturing plants in the country, moreover on 26 December 2021, the Government
of Pakistan announced a five-year policy between 2021 and 2026 to raise the production capacity
of automobiles in Pakistan. On 20 October 2020, during a meeting with 50 Chinese automotive
brands, the Pakistani envoy to China said that Pakistan will increase its automobile production to
6-8 million units in the next five years. Pakistan is building special economic zones where
Chinese companies will be able to set up their businesses. In that meeting, 10 Chinese and Nasal
automotive companies prepared to invest in Pakistan.

Pakistan Automotive Manufacturing Association:

PAMA plays an important role in promoting and protection the interests of the automotive
industry, development collaboration among industry stakeholders, and providing a platform for
addressing common issues and challenges.

Primary functions and roles of PAMA include:

 Industry Representation.
 Data Collection and Reporting.
 Policy Advocacy.
 Coordination and Networking.
 Promotion of Best Practices.
Members
Al-Ghazi Tractors Ghandhara Nissan Omega Industries
Al Haj Faw Ghani Automobile Pak Suzuki
Industries
Atlas Honda Plum Qingqi Motors
Motorcycles Hinopak Motors
Raazy Motors
Crown Motor Honda Atlas Cars Industries
Company Pakistan
Ravi Motorcycles
Dewan Farooque Indus Motors Company
Orient Automotive
Motors
Karakoram Motors
Sazgar
DYL Motorcycles
Kausar Automobiles
Sigma Motors
Fateh Motors
Master Motors
Sohrab Cycles
Ghandhara Industries
Millat Tractors

Local manufacturers  Daewoo Pak Motors

 Hyundai Nishat Motors
 Al-Ghazi Tractors
 Indus Motors Company
 Heavy Industries Taxila
 Pak Suzuki Motors
 Millat Tractors
 Sazgar
 Ravi Motorcycles
 Toyota
 United Auto Industries
 MG (Morris Garages)
Foreign assemblers & joint-ventures  KIA (Kyungsung Precision
Industry)
 Atlas Honda Cars &
 And others
Motorcycles.

Market Leader:
 Toyota Indus Motors
 Pak Suzuki Motor Company
 Honda Atlas Pakistan
 Hyundai Nishat Motors
 KIA-Lucky Motor Corporation
 MG Motors Pakistan
 Al-Ghazi Tractors
 Millat Tractors
 Imports:

Import of cars has a significant impact on the automobile in the industry. According to the
statistics, over 6,000 used cars were imported in the financial year 2022-23, with 1,800 units
making their way into the country from May to June this year alone. Industry experts have
expressed deep concern over the impact of this rush in used cars’ import on the local auto
sector.
It has some positive impact and as well as negative impact which are listed below.
Positive impacts:
 Increased consumer choice and affordability.
 Introduction of new technologies.
 Potential for knowledge transfer.
Negative impacts:
 Reduced demand for locally-produced cars.
 Undermining of localization efforts.
 Competition in niche segments.

3 (A) Application of Islamic Banking Principles in automobile industry of Pakistan

The automobile industry and Islamic banking principles share a growing intersection, offering
ethical and Sharia compliant financing options for car purchases.

 Avoiding Riba (Interest): Conventional car loans involve interest, which is prohibited in
Islam. Islamic banking products like Ijara and Murabaha offer alternatives:
 Risk Sharing and Transparency: Islamic banking emphasizes shared risk and
transparency in financial transactions. Open disclosure of profit margins and fees
associated with car financing products.Potential profit or loss sharing between the bank
and the customer based on the chosen product.
 Ethical Investment and Socially Responsible Practices: Islamic banking principles
promote ethical investments and social responsibility. Which manifest in Financing eco-
friendly or fuel-efficient vehicles that align with environmental sustainability goals.
Supporting car manufacturers who uphold fair labor practices and ethical sourcing of
materials.
 Promoting Financial Inclusion: Islamic banking aims to make financial services
accessible to a wider range of individuals. Which includes offering Sharia-compliant car
financing options for underserved communities or low-income individuals, and
developing flexible financing structures to cater to diverse needs and repayment
capacities.
 3 (B) Applying Islamic banking Principles in the Automobile Industry:

 Financing car purchases: Instead of car loans with interest, Islamic banks could offer
profit sharing contracts like Murabaha (cost-plus financing) or Ijara (lease-to-own
agreements).
 Funding dealerships and manufacturers: Profit-sharing partnerships or Sukuk (Islamic
bonds) could be used to raise capital for industry stakeholders.
 Insurance: Takaful (mutual insurance) schemes could provide vehicle insurance
compliant with Islamic principles.
 Ethical considerations: Ethical sourcing of materials, environmental impact of
production, and fair labor practices could be factored into investment decisions.

3 (C) Changes required to comply Islamic Principles:

 Shifting from debt-based to asset-based financing: Manufacturers and dealerships may

need to adjust business models to accommodate profit-sharing arrangements.
 Enhanced transparency and risk management: Contracts should be clear and
comprehensive to address uncertainties and minimize risks.
 Developing Islamic finance expertise: Building capacity within the industry to understand
and implement Islamic financial instruments effectively.
 Regulatory support: Government policies and regulations could incentivize and facilitate
the adoption of Islamic banking principles within the automobile industry.

Benefits:
Applying Islamic banking principles in the Pakistani automobile industry could offer ethical
alternatives for car financing, attract new investments from the growing Islamic finance market,
and promote responsible business practices.
References:

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Pakistan_Automotive_Manufacturers_Association#:~:text=The%20Pakistan
%20Automotive%20Manufacturers%20Association,manufacturers%20that
%20operate%20in%20Pakistan.&text=It%20is%20the%20leading%20advocacy
%20group%20for%20the%20Pakistan%20auto%20industry.
2. https://invest.gov.pk/automobiles?language_id=en
3. https://pama.org.pk/
4. https://www.graana.com/blog/a-closer-look-at-the-automobile-industry-in-
pakistan/