UNIT 2

TEAM PRESENTATIONS
Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE)

English-Spanish Translation

Teacher: Arredondo Galeana Adelina

Team 1.

● Dominguez Andres Adamaris Suzette.

● Anaya Galindo Metzli Yamile.
● Lecona González Gema Verónica.
Nature of language is one of the traditional problem
of the PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION ever since.

There’s an endless
debate if names are
The name and
what’s being named

Naturally Conventions about The name and the

connected to the existent mental states
things relations between

The name and what’s

in the world.
 What are the
phenomenological,
epistemological and logic
attributions that
language has?

Stoics established a
distinction between

What it The extern

means object

As long as one
With the intelligible What the
can talk about
structure of reality. meaning is
those things.
 There are two basic pillars in
the translation process.

Comprehension Expression

The interpretation
of a text in a Reformulation in a
language different language.
 It is essential to point out some
of the explaining models of
language and some facts about their
function, as long as the
translator’s activity to face the
problematic of a correspondence:

Between two a possible

inside those two
concrete natural external reality.
language systems
language systems.

the world

the objects
Between two
languages
the things
 LANGUAJE

Definition difficulties
in translation

Related to Theories about

Limits of
difficulties of language can help
their own
language proximity the translator
practice
understand

ability character
From a historic perspective, philosophy of
language has primarily been developed
within what’s being denominated

Philosophic method
that used to allow a A reflection
’ CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS

objective rigorous

rational

systemathic
 They took into account
factors such as

Application
of concepts

Concrete
conditions
Problem
★ First group - outside reality

★ Second group - autonomous

terminology
 Bertrand Russell & First Wittgenstein

➔ The structure of language shows

that of the world.

➔ It’s in search for a logically

perfect language to resolve

problems posed by common language.

Russell identifies two types of knowledge:

● By acquaintance.

● By description

It’d be impossible to speak of what

is not known by direct path.
(proposed)
 Ludwig Wittgenstein

Refuses:

➔ Designating capacity of words.

➔ Claim that through logic one can

unravel the nature of language.
 Names are the
simplest signs
of the simple
concepts of the
world.

It is impossible
to give a total
meaning to the
characteristics
"simple" or
"compound".
Those that can only be
known by personal
experience.

“Beetle” Example
 Wittgenstein

Meaning is NOT
that important.

Use and operation

within those games
are important.
It should NOT be locked
into a set of rules.

Within the linguistic game,

there are diverse and
changing uses.
 They must choose between a confident or a non-confident situation in
the face of language.
Object "external" to
both
It is called a
"hypothetical
triangular
References
relationship" between: or
equivalencies

Source language Language of arrival

References:
López, J. & Wilkinson, J. (1997). Manual de traducción Inglés / Castellano. Teoría y práctica. En La naturaleza del lenguaje (pp.31-36). Gedisa editorial.
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The
Linguistic
Relativity for: English - Spanish Translation (I)

Hypothesis teacher: Adelina Arredondo Galeana

By
-Miranda Palacios Sam Yael
-Mendieta Torres Adelle Isabel
- Ortiz Flores Dulce Sarahi August - December 2022
 Introduction
01
There is no world that the humanity can
perceive in an objective way,but are the
languages, through their categories that
allow you to give it structure.
Modern age (XV -XVIII centuries)

Johann Gottfried Herder Karl Wilhelm Von Humboldt

(1744-1803) (1763-1835)
There is no word in any language
that perfectly corresponds to a
word in another language. They
are just synonyms.

Karl Wilhelm Von Humboldt.

02 Linguistic Relativity

“No two languages are ever sufficiently

similar to be considered as representing
the same social reality. The worlds in which
different societies live are distinct worlds,
not merely the same world with different
labels attached”.

-Edwar Sapir
 Principles

Language
Linguistic Diversity
influences thought
Because of the
differences in the
Every The structure grammatical systems
language is a of a language of languages, no two
unique system affects its languages are similar
of relations. speakers' enough to allow for
worldview or perfect
cognition, cross-translation.
Examples
03
New research
-mistakes
-doubts
 Steven
Pinker
1. Refuses de idea that
perception of reality
depends on the language.

2. Defends the idea language

is mentalese
Is thought dependent on words?

Do people literally think in English?Or our thoughts

couched in some silent medium of the the brain= a
language of thought or mentalese.

The reality is the same but its organization is different in each

language system.
Culture depends on
a language
Whorf
grammatical forms cultural forms
 different
concepts for
every word.
 Bibliography

Guix, J. G. L., & Wilkinson, J. M. (2019). Manual de traducción

inglés-castellano. Editorial Gedisa.

Oxford Reference. (n.d.) Linguistic relativism. In Oxford

Reference.com dictionary. Retrieved September, 4, 2022,
from
https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authorit
y.20110803100107524
Thank you!
Any questions?

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English-Spanish Translation
indeterminacy of translation

Members:
Mariana Guadalupe Rodríguez Lome
Diana Denisse Román Rodríguez
Maria Fernanda Ramos Cabello
● It was first postulated by the American
philosopher William van Orman Quine
in his essay: Word & Object published in
1960.
● According to Quine, the term radical
translation refers to a situation in
which a translator does not know
anything about the cultural nor the
linguistic aspects of a language’s
native speaker.
How does a translator know if a word actually means what it mean?
● Quine uses the example of the foreign word "gavagai,"
which is uttered when a native speaker points at a rabbit.
A linguist trying to understand the language has to
decide whether the native speaker's utterance means
"rabbit," "undetached rabbit parts," or "rabbit stages”
(inscrutability of reference).
● According to Quine, his only procedure must be to take
the initiative and look for combinations of indigenous
statements with stimulus-situations, in order to reduce
the scope of his conjectures until he achieves a possible
satisfaction.
However…
There is no universal pointer one can use to make a specific reference that will always be
taken to mean the exact same thing no matter what society or language the listener is from.
 “The thesis of the indeterminacy of translation states that it is possible to
formulate different systems of hypotheses that are incompatible with each other,
but compatible with the behavior (verbal and non-verbal) of the speakers, without
there being any objective evidence that would make one hypothesis preferable to
another.”
 translation between two languages with different cultures

“Would be based on the kinship between languages and the cultural relations
between their speakers.”

It cannot be said that translation is merely establishing

a relationship between expressions that, in different
languages, have identical meanings.
 meaning mentalism
The idea that a given sentence,
as well as its synonymic forms
and all possible translations
into other languages, express
the same idea and have the He reje
cts
same meaning.

Quine's aim is to reject the idea of language as a mere vehicle

that gives expression to contents that exist independently of
the prepositions that enunciate them.
the notion of ‘translation’ is replaced in the Donald
Davidsonian account with that of
‘interpretation’ Davidson

Radical interpretation is a matter of interpreting the linguistic

behaviour of a speaker ‘from scratch’ and so without reliance
on any prior knowledge either of the speaker’s beliefs or the
meanings of the speaker’s utterances
 The Principle
of Semantic
Autonomy X P

Start from the meaning and take the

sentence to a comprobation and refutation
play- jugar
conditions.

Instead of assuming that X means P it is assumed that X is true just is P is true, where P is the
translation of the sentence X, this act is opposed to the principal of the pragmatic theories,
which postulates the autonomy of use.
The charity
principal

The charity principal presupposes in the sentences of the

speaker at least the accurate coherence who the
interpreter can catch
 The triangle
principal

based on the triangle principal the beliefs and intentions of the speakers must be
the same in the language behavior which is express; wich lets find in the language
the interpreter for a sentence of the speaker, on or more sentences that truly
achieve the same conditions
Thanks for your attention!
Traditional Concepts
About Meaning

Sanchez Carrillo Luz Alejandra

Sanchez Diaz Yuliana Nicole
Sánchez Alfaro Maria de Jesús
 Basic Concepts
Sign
Defines a sign as any name, word,
Reference
combination of words, or expression
which may be used to designate an Is the object represented by the words or
object signs.

Sense
The sense of a sign is the part of its
meaning which depends on its mode of
presentation.
● Every sign which refers to an object may
not necessarily have a sense or meaning.

● Every sign which has a sense or meaning

may not necessarily refer to a definite
object.

● The object which is designated by a sign may

not necessarily be capable of being defined.

Gottlob Frege

'morning star' 'evening star'

John Stuart Mill

1
Denotation
8
Connotation
4

3
 Denotation

Definition: A shrub usually with

prickly stems and showy flowers.
ROSE
Connotation

Red rose is the

symbol of love
and desire.
 Designation
A designation is the representation of a
concept by a sign which denotes it
7
Meaning
Is the thing that refers to or represents
and which can be explained using other
word
 The translator’s work:
some examples
Alejandro Valdepeña Rivera & Rosario Trujillo Sanchez
Describe something

Linguistic representations –the easy ones (simple)– you get a accurate

representation

Linguistic representations –the regular ones –the representation is not accurate

Language and culture of the speaker

impact on how people understand the reality.

Language
Start a
philosophical Way of
research thinking
The world
.
1.- Grammar

2.- Use (context and intention)

3.- Culture

The translator's work

. Lexical items
are different

The
structures are
different
A hard-working student

A hard-working student - We’ll be glad to see her back

Bat / Murciélago