All Energy

Potential
Energy Kinetic
Energy

Gravitation Elastic Chemical

Potential Potential Potential
Energy Energy Energy

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 2

 Potential
Energy

Gravitation Elastic Chemical

Potential Potential Potential
Energy Energy Energy

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 3

 Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy is the
energy an object has because of its position
relative to the earth.

Glen Canyon Dam in Utah uses

the potential energy of the
Colorado River water to
produce more than a 1200
Mega-Watts or power.

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 4

 Elastic Potential Energy:

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 5

 What is Chemical Potential Energy?
o Potential energy
stored within the
chemical bonds of
an object

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 6

 What is Chemical Potential Energy?
o Potential energy
stored within the
chemical bonds of
an object

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 7

 What is Kinetic Energy?
o Energy an object has due
to its motion
o K.E. = .5(mass x speed2)

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 8

The Total Potential Energy (TPE) is defined as

TPE=Π= U+V

Where: U is the Potential Energy of the Internal Forces

V is the Potential Energy of the External Forces

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 9

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 10
For linear elastic material, the strain energy per unit
σ
volume in the body (U) is given by
E

ε
σ = Stress of the body
ε = Strain of the body
E = Modulus of elasticity

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 11

 L
1
U        dv  
2 0

P 
L
1 P P
    A  dx
2 0 A L P  K 
1  k
 
2 L
L 
 x 0 

  1
U  k 2
2

Wp  Wex   Pi  ui

1
 p    K i   i2   Pi  ui
2
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 12
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 13
 1
 p    K i   i   Pi  ui
2

p
0 for static
var iable
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 14
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 15
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 16
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 17
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 18
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 19
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 20
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 21
Required the formulation of equilibrium equations

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 22

 1
 p    K i   i2   Pi  ui  i  u2  u1
2

1
2
 2

 p   k u2  u1   F1  u1  F2  u2

1
 
 p   ku22  2ku1u2  ku12  F1  u1  F2  u2
2
p
 ku2  ku1  F1  0
u1
p
 ku2  ku1  F2  0
u2
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 23
 p p
 ku2  ku1  F1  0  ku2  ku1  F2  0
u1 u2

ku1  ku 2  F1  ku1  ku 2  F2

k  k  u1   F1 
 k      
 k  u2   F2 
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 24
Required the formulation of equilibrium equations

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 25

 1
 p    K i   i2   Pi  ui
2

1  u1  0
 2  u2  u1
 3  u3  u 2

2

 p   k1 u1  0  k 2 u2  u1   k3 u3  u2 
1 2 2 2

 P1  u1  P2  u2  P3  u3

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 26

 2

 p   k1 u1  0  k 2 u2  u1   k3 u3  u2 
1 2 2 2

 P1  u1  P2  u2  P3  u3
p
 u1 k1  k2   k2 u2   P1  0
u1
p
 k2u1  u2 k2  k3   k3 u3   P2  0
u2
p
 u2 k3  k3 u3   P3  0
u3
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 27
p
 u1 k1  k2   k2 u2   P1  0
u1
p
 k2u1  u2 k2  k3   k3 u3   P2  0
u2
p
  u2 k3  k3 u3   P3  0
u3

k1  k 2   k2 0  u1   P1 
 k     
 2 k2  k3   k3  u2    P2 
 0  k3 k3  u3   P3 

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 28

 F2

F1

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 29

Consider a bar with a variable

cross section supporting a load

P. The bar is fixed at one end

and carries the load P at the

other end. Determining how

much the bar will deflect at

various points along its length .

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 30
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 31
 1
 p    K i   i2   Pi  ui
2

1 k1 u1  0   k 2 u2  u1 
 
2 2

p   
2  k3 u3  u2   k 4 u4  u3  
2 2

 P  u4

k1u12  k 2u22  2k 2u2u1  k 2u12 

1  
 p     k 3u 3  2 k 3u 2 u 3  k 3u 2
2 2
  P  u4
2  
 k
 4 4 u 2
 2 k u
4 4 3u  k u
4 3
2


Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 32

 k1u12  k 2u22  2k 2u2u1  k 2u12 
1  
 p    k3u3  2k3u2u3  k3u2
2 2
  P  u4
2  
 k
 4 4 u 2
 2 k u u
4 4 3  k u
4 3
2

p
 k1u1  k 2u2  k 2u1  0
u1
p
 k 2u2  k 2u1  k3u3  k3u2  0
u2
p
 k 3u 3  k 3 u 2  k 4 u 3  k 4 u 4  0
u3
p
  k 4 u3  k 4 u 4  P  0
u4
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 33
 p
 k1u1  k 2u2  k 2u1  0  k1  k 2 u1  k 2u2  0
u1

p
 k 2u2  k 2u1  k3u3  k3u2  0   k 2u1  k 2  k3 u2  k3u3  0
u2

p
 k3u3  k3u2  k 4u3  k 4u4  0  k3u2  k3  k 4 u3  k 4u4  0
u3

p
  k 4 u3  k 4 u 4  P  0   k 4 u3  k 4 u 4  P
u4

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 34

 k1  k2 u1  k2u2  0

 k 2u1  k 2  k3 u2  k3u3  0

 k3u2  k3  k 4 u3  k 4u4  0

 k 4 u3  k 4 u 4  P

 K1  K 2  K2 0 0   u1   0 
 K K 2  K3  K3    
0  u2   0  
 2
  
 0  K3 K3  K 4  K 4  u3   0 
    
 0 0  K4 K 4  u4   P 

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 35

Consider a bar with a variable

cross section supporting a load

P. The bar is fixed at one end

and carries the load P at the

other end. Determining how

much the bar will deflect at

various points along its length .

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 36
 1
 p    K i   i2   Pi  ui
2

1 k1 u2  u1   k 2 u3  u2  
 2 2

p   
2  k3 u4  u3   k 4 u5  u4  
2 2

 R1  u1  P  u5
k1u22  2k1u1u2  k1u12 
  R1
1   k 2 u 3  2 k 2 u 3u 2  k 2 u 2 
2 2

p  
2  k3u42  2k3u3u4  k3u32 
  1
 k 4u52  2k 4u5u4  k 4u42 
 R1  u1  P  u5
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 37
 1  k u 2
 2 k u u  k u 2
 k u 2
 2 k u u  k u 2
 k u 2

p  
1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 4

2  2k3u3u4  k3u3  k 4u4  2k 4u5u4  k 4u5
2 2 2

 R1  u1  P  u5
p p
 k1u1  k1u2  R1  0  k1u2  k2u3  k2u2  R1  0
u1 u2
p
 k 2 u 3  k 2 u 2  k 3 u 4  k 3u 3  0
u3
p
 k 3u 4  k 3u 3  k 4 u 4  k 4 u 5  0
u4
p
  k 4 u 4  k 4 u5  P  0
u5
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 38
 p
 k1u1  k1u2  R1  0  k1u1  k1u2   R1
u1

p
 k1u2  k1u1  k 2u3  k 2u2  0   k1u1  k1  k 2 u2  k 2u3  0
u2

p
 k 2u3  k 2u2  k3u4  k3u3  0   k 2u2  k 2  k3 u3  k3u4  0
u3

p
 k3u4  k3u3  k 4u4  k 4u5  0  k3u3  k3  k 4 u4  k 4u5  0
u4

p
  k 4 u 4  k 4 u5  P  0   k 4 u 4  k 4 u5  P
u5

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 39

 K1  K1 0 0 0   u1   R1 
 K K1  K 2  K2 0    
0  u2   0  
 1    
 0  K2 K 2  K3  K3 0  u3    0 
   
 0 0  K3 K3  K 4  K 4  u4 0 
   
 0 0 0  K4 K 4  u5   P 

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 40

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 41
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 42
 F1 k6 6

F2
• • • • •
k1 k2 k3 k4

1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5
1

5 k5

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 43

 Required the formulation of equilibrium equations

k4

k5
k1 F1
u1
k2 k3 u4
u3
F4
F3
u2
F2

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 44

 k4

k5
k1 F1
u1
k2 k3 u4
u3
F4
F3
u2
F2

1
 p    K i   i   Pi  ui
2

1 k1 u1  0  k 2 u2  u1   k3 u3  u2  

 2 2 2

p   
2  k 4 u3  u1   k5 u4  u3 
2 2

 F1  u1  F2  u2  F3  u3  F4  u4
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 45
 1  k u  0 2
 k u  u 2
 k u  u 2

p   
1 1 2 2 1 3 3 2

2  k 4 u3  u1   k5 u4  u3 

2 2

 F1  u1  F2  u2  F3  u3  F4  u4
p
 k1u1  k2 u2  u1   k4 u3  u1   F1  0
u1
p
 0  k 2 u2  u1   k3 u3  u2   F2  0
u2
p
 0  0  k3 u3  u2   k4 u3  u1   k5 u4  u3   F3  0
u3
p
 0  0  0  0  k5 u4  u3   F4  0
u4
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 46
p
 k1u1  k2 u2  u1   k4 u3  u1   F1  0
u1
p
 0  k2 u2  u1   k3 u3  u2   F2  0
u2
p
 0  0  k3 u3  u2   k4 u3  u1   k5 u4  u3   F3  0
u3
p
 0  0  0  0  k5 u4  u3   F4  0
u4

 K1  K 2  K 4  K2  K4 0   u1   F1 
  K K 2  K3  K3 0  u2   F2 
 2
  
  K4  K3 K3  K 4  K5  K 5  u3   F3 
    
 0 0  K5 K 5  u4   F4 
Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 47
Required the formulation of equilibrium equations

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 48

Required the formulation of equilibrium equations

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 49

Prof. Dr. Hanaa El-Sayed 50