I. IDENTIFICATION. Read each statement carefully and identify what is being referred to.

Choose the
answer inside the box below and write legibly on the space provided before each number.

Method Meta-Pragmatic Epistemology Biocentrism Self-Determination

Step
Environmental Ethics Externality Dialectics Inquiry
integrity
Epoche Attitudinal Dialectics Synergy Anthropocentrism
Human Synoptic Environmental Embodiment Analytic
Nature Aesthetics
Logic Ecocentrism Insight Metaphysics Human Drive

Human Being Aesthetics Sustainable Development

1. The systematic study of the rules for the correct use of these supporting reasons, rules we
can use to distinguish good arguments from bad ones.
2. Refers to the act of putting aside every prejudice, bias, belief, theory, presupposition, and
principle so as not to allow it to hinder the seeing of essences.
3. It is a technique of doing something especially according to a defined plan of action. A
procedure or process for attaining an object.
4. Refers to the human person’s inclinations, feelings, ideas, convictions, and prejudices or
biases.
5. This view believes that humans are the most important species on the planet and they are
free to transform nature and use its resources.
6. The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and appreciation of art, beauty and
good taste.
7. The urge and passion to know and understand things is.
8. Is the mental or actual separation of the whole into its component parts and how these parts
are related to the whole.
9. A general term refers to the deepest and natural behavior of a person that distinguish human
from animals.
10. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future
generation.
11. The branch of philosophy that studies the sources, nature, and validity of knowledge.
12. Reflecting or seeing with the mind, the meaning, the implication, the value, the application
and the benefit of a concept, statement, a circumstance or a phenomenon.
13. An art of reasoning through the confrontation of opposing arguments and ideas and 1 their
fusion in a truer or more comprehensive concept.
14. The representation or expression of something in a tangible or visible form, enables us to
do and experience all the things that makes us human persons.
15. This view believes that humankind is part of a greater biological system or community.
16. Refers to the conduct of individuals, or personal morality; the conduct of groups, or social
morality.
17. It arises out of self-consistency and philosophical adequacy. Also, this simply premised into;
“Think while you act” or “Act while you think”.
18. Is a procedure whereby the human person views the object in its entirety or taking a general
view of an object or reality.
19. It is the capability of the human person to reach out and interact with others and the world.
 20. Philosophical view that believes maintaining order in the environment will bring out the
natural beauty of the surroundings and contribute to the well-being of the people and other
organisms living in it.
21. Means “comprehensive thinking about the nature of things.” It means, usually, the study or
theory of reality.
22. It is a belief that the “combined action of different agents or organs whose total effect is
greater than the sum of the various individual actions”.
23. This term refers to the combination of observation and reasoning.
24. It refers to the capability of persons to make choices and decisions based on their own
preferences, monitor and regulate their actions, and be goal-oriented and self-directed.
25. This view drives the activities of humane organizations that advocate the ethical treatment
of animals.

II. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read the following questions carefully and choose the letter that best describes the answer.
Write your answer before the number.

____26. He was popular for his statement “Cogito ergo sum.”

A. Thales B. Pythagoras C. Descartes D. Plato
____27. He was considered as the foremost philosopher of ancient times.
A. Aristotle B. Epicurus C. Plato D. Socrates
____28. What do you call these questions that examine personal ideas regarding correctness and values?
A. External Questions B. Holistic Thinking C. Internal Questions D. Partial Thinking
____29. It refers to a perspective that considers large scale patterns in systems and often described as
looking at the “bigger picture” when describing and analyzing situation or problem.
A. External Questions B. Holistic Thinking C. Internal Questions D. Partial Thinking
____30. It is a type of thinking that focuses on specific aspects of situation.
A. External Questions B. Holistic Thinking C. Internal Questions D. Partial Thinking
____31. These are questions that seek to question the very frameworks upon which people base their own
beliefs and views.
A. External Questions B. Holistic Thinking C. Internal Questions D. Partial Thinking
____32. Which Filipino values is helping others in times of need?
A. Bahala na B. Bayanihan C. Pakikisama D. Kalooban
____33. It is an activity that requires a person to examine his or her thoughts, feelings and actions and learn from
experience.
A. reflection B. questioning C. wondering D. reasoning
____34. This is the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgement.
A. reasoning B. proposition C. intuition D. reflection
____35. One of the triumvirate Greek philosophers who pioneered a method of argument called dialectic.
A. Plato B. Socrates C. Pythagoras D. Aristotle
____36. Which of the following group of words consist of logic?
A. good and bad C. Truth, knowledge, belief
B. beauty and arts D. concept, reason, judgement
____37. Which of the following group of words consist of metaphysics?
A. beauty and arts C. material and immaterial
B. good or bad D. concept, reason, judgement
____38. Which of the following group of words are examples of philosophizing?
A. to see, hear, feel, and think C. answer, belief, understanding, holding
B. wonder, doubt, experience, seeking D. to know, understand, analyze, and find answer
____39. Which among the statements is considered defining Philosophy and its nature. I. Philosophy is study of
man. II. Philosophy is considered a parent of science. III. Philosophy is a discipline that uses human reason
to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons and principles which governs all things.
A. I, II B. I C. II, III D. II
____40. Which among the questions is addressing Metaphysics?
A. What is the meaning of life? C. What is beauty?
B. What is right and what is wrong? D. How does knowledge exist?
____41. Most of social science concepts have etymological background. Which of the following talks about 2 the
etymology or origin of the term philosophy?
A. The term philosophy comes from two Greek words philo and sophia which means “to love” and
“wisdom”.
B. The term philosophy comes from Confucian idea which says that deep thinking is essential to one’s well-
being.
C. The term philosophy comes from two Greek words philo and sophia which means “to argue” and
“agree”, respectively.
D. The term philosophy was coined by early philosophers which means reasoning.
____42. Social Science is composed of many different disciplines. Which of the following statements shows the
relationship between Social Science and Philosophy?
A. Social Science and Philosophy are disciplines.
B. Philosophy is a discipline under Social Science.
C. Philosophy is employed in many different disciplines in making arguments.
D. Social Science is a discipline under Philosophy.
____43. Disciplines like Economics, Sociology, Psychology, History, among others; follow scientific method in their
inquiry. What makes Philosophy a science?
A. Philosophy is a science because it enables us to find answers to our questions.
B. Philosophy is a science because reasoning itself is a science.
C. Philosophy is a science because, as a discipline, it helps other sciences in their quest for answers.
D. Philosophy is a science because it is an organized body of knowledge just like any other sciences.
____44. In our daily lives we encounter events, situations or issues that we need to ponder and think deeply. This
activity which requires a person to examine his or her thoughts, feelings and actions and learn from
experience is related to the concept of:
A. Philosophical reflection C. Philosophical questioning
B. Philosophical wondering D. Philosophical reasoning
____45. Identify which statement describes the difference between holism and partial thinking.
A. Holism is a perspective that looks at the “big picture” while partial thinking focuses on the specific aspect
of the situation.
B. Holism is a perspective that looks at the specific aspects of the situation while partial thinking looks at
the big picture.
C. Holism requires us to focus on a certain aspect of the problem while partial thinking requires us to have
an open mindset.
D. All of the above
____46. According to the importance of studying philosophy, what can it offer us?
A. Know the different philosophers and their philosophies in life?
B. See the downs and lows in the development and history of philosophy.
C. Survey the achievements of the different philosophers in various periods of history.
D. Enhances our minds, understand what we encounter every day, and value our judgement.
____47. He introduced the phenomenological steps and was considered as the “Father of Phenomenology”.
A. Karl Marx C. Carl Jung
B. Edmund Kant D. Edmund Husserl
____48. The search for information, knowledge or truth is
A. Insight C. Sensation
B. Inquiry D. Human drive
____49. Means wisdom and understanding in dealing with people or with facts.
A. Insight C. Sensation
B. Inquiry D. Human drive
____50. It is anchored on common sense or good sense in everyday affairs.
A. Practical Inquiry C. Philosophical inquiry
B. Scientific inquiry D. None of the above
____51. It delves into the coherence, quality, sense and value of human life itself.
A. Practical Inquiry C. Philosophical inquiry
B. Scientific inquiry D. None of the above
____52. “You are the apple of my eyes”. The statement is an example of __________?
A. Simile C. Analogy
B. Personification D. Metaphor
____53. India: Taj Mahal; China: The Great Wall of China. The premise given is an example of ___________?
A. Simile C. Analogy
B. Personification D. Metaphor
____54. Metaphor is the likeness or similarity in some ways between things that are otherwise unlike. On the other
hand, Analogy are words or phrases that ordinarily means one thing that is implied to other things in order
to suggest a likeness between the two.
A. The first statement is true while the second statement is false. C. Both statements are false.
B. The first statement is false while the second statement is true. D. Both statements are true.
____55. “Why should we save our trees?”, “Why should we take care of our Mother Earth?”. The above sentiments
3
are prime example of what inquiry?
A. Philosophical questions C. Logical questions
B. Practical questions D. Metacognition questions
____56. As immersed with her Muslim brothers and sisters in USM, Kiara began to feel, realize and understand what
it means to be living an Islamic life. To which phenomenological step does the situation of Kiara fall into?
A. Epoche C. Transcendental reduction
B. Eidetic reduction D. Phenomenology
____57. The ULS students see scattered wastes in their classrooms. They pick them up and put them in
the waste box. This act is the product of;
A. Scientific inquiry C. Philosophical inquiry
B. Practical inquiry D. None of the above
____58. It is a technique of doing something especially according to a defined plan of action. It is the way in which
point of reference and procedures are initiated and determined.
A. Means C. Steps
B. Method D. None of the above
____59. A form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering
questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions.
A. Socratic Method C. Scientific Method
B. Dialectic Method D. Historical Method
____60. At base a discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but
wishing to establish the truth through reasoned methods of argumentation.
A. Socratic Method C. Scientific Method
B. Dialectic Method D. Historical Method
____61. Also called empirical method, is a process of determining truth or knowledge through experimentation,
inductive and deductive reasoning, and hypothesis or theory testing.
A. Socratic Method C. Scientific Method
B. Dialectic Method D. Historical Method
____62. The process of gathering evidence, examining them, and formulating ideas about the past to come up with
present truths.
A. Socratic Method C. Scientific Method
B. Dialectic Method D. Historical Method
____63. The contemporary method includes among others, EXCEPT:
A. Analytic C. Experimentation
B. Dialectic D. Synopsis
____64. As a procedure, the components of a dialectic method are; EXCEPT:
A. Thesis C. Antithesis
B. Hypothesis D. Synthesis
____65. All senior high school are studious
But Juan is a senior high school student
Therefore, senior high school students are intelligent.
This argument is:
A. Deductive C. Dialectic
B. Inductive D. None of the above
____ 66. Juan is intelligent.
But Juan is a senior high school student
Therefore, senior high school students are intelligent.
This argument is:
A. Deductive C. Dialectic
B. Inductive D. None of the above
____ 67. Many poor children want to be professional someday
But extreme poverty deprives them this dream.
Destroy through legislation the poverty of the many and the privilege of the few.
Establish a complete free education to all.
This argument is an example of:
A. Deductive C. Dialectic
B. Inductive D. Analytic method
____ 68. Spirit is immortal
But my soul is immortal
Therefore, my soul is a spirit
This argument is an application of:
A. Deduction C. Dialectic
B. Induction D. Synopsis
____ 69. Peter and John argued about the existence of God, Peter used various questions to John to pursue his belief
and convince John that God is real. Which Philosophical Method is appropriate to establish the truth.
A. Dialectical Method C. Historical Method
B. Scientific Method D. Socratic Method
____70. This term refers to man as a species and distinguishes man from other animals.
A. Human C. Self 4
B. Person D. Spirit
____71. This refers to the totality of an individual who possesses awareness, self-determination, and the
capacity to interact with others.
A. Human C. Self
B. Person D. Spirit
____72. This refers to an individual who is actively aware that he or she is perceiving and experiencing
reality.
A. Human C. Self
B. Person D. Spirit
____73. This refers to the ability of the person to experience an “inner world” that is defined by personal
thoughts and ideas.
A. Internality C. Externality
B. Interiority D. Self Determination
____74. This is the capability to act and be aware of one’s actions.
A. Internality C. Externality
B. Interiority D. Self Determination
____75. This enables the person to act whenever he or she wants to and makes self-determination possible.
A. Dignity C. Free will
B. Externality D. Spirit
____76. This refers to the capability to reach out and interact with others and the world.
A. Dignity C. Free will
B. Externality D. Spirit
____77. This refers to the inherent value of a person which cannot be expressed in quantifiable terms.
A. Dignity C. Free will
B. Externality D. Spirit
____78. This refers to the intangible element that enables us to exercise thought, possess awareness, and
reach out to the outside world and others.
A. Dignity C. Free will
B. Externality D. Spirit
____79. Marie is very cheerful and friendly to her classmates. What aspect of the human person is being described in
the statement?
A. Cognitive Self C. Psychological Self
B. Physical Self D. Sociological Self
____80. A criminal who has committed a very heinous offense can still be considered a human person despite of his
cruelty and inhumane act. The statement is ___________.
A. True, the dignity is still retained in spite of his actions because it is his inherent right.
B. False, the dignity of humans is removed once they don’t treat other people just and right.
C. Neither a nor b
D. None of the above
____81. Carlo is a tall person with brown hair and brown eyes. What aspect of the human person is being described
in the statement?
A. Cognitive Self C. Psychological Self
B. Physical Self D. Sociological Self
____82. Which of the following BEST describes the concept of embodiment?
A. Human person is essentially his/her body and nothing more.
B. Human person is essentially his/her spirit and nothing more.
C. Human person is essentially the unity of his/her body and spirit.
D. Human person is essentially a separate entity of the body and the spirit.
____83. Which of the following experiences describe the concept of embodiment?
A. Joy attaches a sentimental value to a pair of rubber shoes which was given by her mother.
B. Kim associates love with hypothalamus, a part of the brain that is responsible for feelings.
C. Ivy recalls a happy moment in her life and still feel the same happiness he felt at that moment.
D. Trina received a pat in her shoulder from her best friend and felt completely relieved at that moment.
____84. The following are the possibilities of transcendence EXCEPT,
A. developing a positive outlook in life C. working towards reaching a goal
B. learning from experience D. cannot be experienced by everyone
____85. Hannah is facing the mirror; she gets upset about her face. She wants to be like one of her K-Pop actresses,
and her best friend encouraged her not to be bothered about her own uniqueness. Which limitation is
appropriate to address Hannah’s problem?
A. Emotional Limitation C. Intellectual Limitation
B. Physical Limitation D. Social Limitation
____86. Every moment of our lives is a choice. In fact, “life is what we make it”. Which of the following reminds us of
something important about the process of choosing?
A. Making a choice is philosophical.
B. Making a choice is an expression of freedom.
5
C. Remember that whenever we choose, we get what we want.
D. Remember that whenever we choose, we also give up something.
____87. Statement A: Reality refers to the state of existence of things independent of human consciousness, it
includes physical things that we see, feel, taste and smell as well as things that we cannot easily perceive
and comprehend.
Statement B: Reality does not include things that already existed, things that presently exist, and things that
are yet to exist.
A. Statement A is true while statement B is false. C. Statement A is false while statement B is true.
B. Both statements are true. D. Both statements are false.
____88. Statement A: Ethics is the same with Morality
Statement B: Ethics discusses and defines concepts and principles which are meant to govern reasoning and
action which define the human behavior.
A. Statement A is true while statement B is false. C. Statement A is false while statement B is true.
B. Both statements are true. D. Both statements are false.
____89. Which of the following is a biological limitation for transcendence for a student whose goal is to be a
valedictorian?
A. Joining a dance troupe C. Watching videos over the internet
B. Being absent for a week due to fever D. Criticism from his teacher on his science project
____90. This refers to the ability to regulate one’s actions and behavior.
A. Equity B. Frugality C. Prudence D. Resourcefulness
____91. This refers to being thrifty with the use of one’s resources.
A. Equity B. Frugality C. Prudence D. Resourcefulness
____92. Which of these statements about humankind and nature is NOT true?
A. Humankind can use natural resources without regard for the consequences.
B. Humankind has a unique relationship with nature.
C. Humans are able to transform and change the environment.
D. Humans are stewards of nature.
____93. Which of these statements is NOT related to sustainable development?
A. Human activities must not negatively impact the environment.
B. Natural resources must be used wisely and efficiently.
C. Resources must be conserved for other people.
D. Man must use-up all-natural resources at his own advantage for survival.
____94. Freedom is experienced through the act of making choices. It is therefore important for persons to
exercise caution and reflect on possible courses of action in making decision. Which of these moral
virtues enable man to make and carry out correct moral decisions?
A. Prudence B. Temperance C. Fortitude D. Justice
____95. Which of the following DOES NOT exhibit an anthropocentric approach to nature?
A. Human evidence is an existence detached from nature.
B. Human technology is essentially inutile if it alienates itself from nature.
C. The natural world is part of the human world.
D. They only care about nature because they recognize that the natural world is finite.
____96. Why did the discipline of environmental ethics arise?
A. People are concerned about the growing population and misuse of natural resources.
B. The government is worried about climate change.
C. There are new sources of energy to meet the demands of present.
D. Community leaders encouraged us to show care about pollution.
____97. Which of these statements is related to sustainable development?
A. Human activities must maintain the diversity and productivity of the earth.
B. Humans must be frugal and prudent in using our natural resources.
C. Humans must use resources at a rate that it can be replenished in a natural way.
D. Human may exhaust resources for as long as he is satisfied.
____98. Which among the following options is a disorder in the environment?
A. A basket of unwashed dirty clothes C. A garden with dying plants
B. A house with no single plant D. A library with a small number of books
____99. In what way can the environment contribute to health and well-being?
A. It can be available anywhere. C. It can produce products that provide medicinal value.
B. It is the source of life. D. It is made up of consumers and producer
____100. In which of the following scenarios is prudence demonstrated?
A. Ordering food that you can consume C. Keeping the lights on all day
B. Searching assignment answers over the internet D. Being friendly to neighbors