Keeping The Republic Power and Citizenship in American Politics The Essentials 8Th Edition Barbour Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

Keeping the Republic: Power and Citizenship in American Politics, by Christine Barbour and Gerald C.
Wright,
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
Test Bank for Keeping the Republic Power and Citizenship Formatted: Centered
in American Politics THE ESSENTIALS 8th Edition

Barbour Wright 1506349986 9781506349985
Full download link at:
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citizenship-in-american-politics-the-essentials-8th-edition-barbour-wright-1506349986-
9781506349985/
Chapter 5: Fundamental American Liberties

Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. According to John Locke and the Declaration of Independence, our rights are ______.
a. granted by government
b. granted by our fellow citizens
c. natural
d. determined indirectly as whatever is not regulated by government
e. determined arbitrarily
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 5-1: Define rights and liberties and their role in a democratic society.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Fundamental American Liberties
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is ______.

a. inconsequential because the terms are used interchangeably in the United States
b. that civil rights involve speech, press, and religious freedom, whereas civil liberties involve
voting
c. that civil rights limit the power of government, whereas civil liberties expand the power of
government
d. that civil rights involve government action to secure rights of citizenship, whereas civil
liberties involve individual freedoms that limit the power of government
e. that civil rights involve freedoms, whereas civil liberties involve voting
Ans: D
Answer Location: Fundamental American Liberties
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Individual actions can come into conflict with the collective good of society ______.
a. only when direct harm occurs to another specific individual
Keeping the Republic: Power and Citizenship in American Politics, by Christine Barbour and Gerald C. Wright,
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
b. because individual actions often have important consequences and costs for society
c. whenever the majority agrees that such harm exists
d. only when the claim can be tied to a specific provision of the Constitution
e. only rarely because the collective good of society is nothing more than the summation of the
good of all the individual citizens
Ans: B
Answer Location: When Rights Conflict
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. The example provided in the textbook concerning the response to the September 11 attacks
demonstrates that ______.
a. “the ends justify the means”
b. the liberty of the people is always more important than the security needs of the nation
c. it may be hard to protect both liberty and security
d. liberties are far more likely to come into conflict with each other than is liberty to come into
conflict with security
e. liberty and security are never really in conflict
Ans: C
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: When Rights Conflict—The Case of National Security
5. As an arbiter between the rights of the individual and the exercise of power by society, the
Supreme Court ______.
a. has sided consistently with individual rights
b. has acted in an inconsistent manner across the spectrum of possible positions over the course
of American history
c. supported government power in the nineteenth century but has been consistently on the side of
the individual since then
d. leaned toward protection of the individual in the nineteenth century but has consistently
favored government power since then
e. has generally remained neutral and allowed Congress to decide issues of individual liberty
Ans: B
Answer Location: How Do We Resolve Conflicts About Rights?
6. An action that criminalizes an act after it occurs is a(n) ______.

a. unconstitutional ex post facto law
b. “closing the barn door after the horse is out” law
c. bill of attainder
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d. habeas corpus law

e. exclusionary rule type of law
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 5-2: Explain how the Bill of Rights relates to the federal government and to
the states.
Answer Location: Why Is a Bill of Rights Valuable?
7. The right of an accused to be brought before a judge and informed of the charges and evidence
against him or her is known as ______.
a. habeas corpus
b. ex post facto presentation
c. a bill of attainder
d. Miranda rights
e. a bill of presentment
Ans: A
the states.
Answer Location: Why Is a Bill of Rights Valuable?
8. The source of authority cited by the Supreme Court for applying the Bill of Rights to the states
is ______.
a. the Bill of Rights itself
b. Congress
c. the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution
d. Marbury v. Madison
e. Federalist No. 10
Ans: C
the states.
Answer Location: Applying the Bill of Rights to the States
9. All of the following statements concerning incorporation of the Bill of Rights are true
EXCEPT this one:
a. Incorporation has taken place on the basis of provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment.
b. Incorporation is a matter of interpretation rather than a constitutional principle.
c. The Supreme Court began the process of incorporation of the Bill of Rights in the late 1960s.
d. Incorporation has taken place on the theories of both selective incorporation and total
incorporation.
e. Without incorporation, the Bill of Rights would apply only to acts of the federal government.
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
Ans: C
the states.
Answer Location: Applying the Bill of Rights to the States
10. The rights the founders believed were essential to maintaining a representative democracy
included all of the following EXCEPT this one:
a. establishment of religion
b. the right to bear arms
c. freedom of speech
d. freedom of the press
e. the right to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 5-3: Describe how the First Amendment protects both church and state, as
well as individuals’ religious freedom.
Answer Location: Freedom of Religion
11. In the conflict between accommodationist and separationist views of the establishment
clause, the Supreme Court has, in recent times, ______.
a. sided consistently with the separationist position
b. sided consistently with the accommodationist position
c. been moving more and more toward the separationist position
d. been moving more and more toward the accommodationist position
e. established no clear pattern and has favored each position at various times
Ans: E
Answer Location: Freedom of Religion
12. The establishment clause guarantees ______.

a. that government will not create and support an official state church
b. that all citizens may freely engage in religious activities of their choice
c. that American government is based on Judeo-Christian values
d. that all churches shall have tax-exempt status
e. the right to set up a church whenever a religious group so desires
Ans: A
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
Answer Location: Why Is Religious Freedom Valuable?

13. According to the Supreme Court, for school prayer to violate the establishment clause, it
must be ______.
a. part of official school activities
b. denominational
c. opposed by a majority of the students or their parents
d. anti-Semitic
e. objectionable to at least one student
Ans: A
Answer Location: The Establishment Clause: Separationists Versus Accommodationists
14. Separationists differ from accommodationists in that ______.

a. separationists wish to separate issues of school prayer from issues involving the establishment
clause
b. accommodationists wish to separate issues of school prayer from issues involving the
establishment clause
c. separationists favor a stricter separation of church and state than accommodationists
d. accommodationists favor a stricter separation of church and state than separationists
e. separationists favor a narrower interpretation of the free exercise clause
Ans: C
15. The test that seems to provide the most protection for free speech is the ______.
a. Lemon test
b. imminent lawless action test
c. clear and present danger test
d. Scalia test
e. bad tendency test
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 5-4: Demonstrate how the protections of freedom of speech and of the press
have been tested.
Answer Location: Speech That Criticizes the Government
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
16. The Lemon test established that ______.

a. if there are prayers or Bible readings in schools, then students who do not wish to participate
must be excused
b. states may prohibit religious activities that present a clear and present danger
c. citizens may freely engage in the religious activities of their choice
d. there shall be no excessive entanglement of government and religion
e. no state could establish an official religion
Ans: D
17. According to the textbook, free speech is valuable for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
this one:
a. It helps create an informed citizenry.
b. It provides a voice for the minority.
c. It is good for economic development.
d. It provides a watchdog over government.
e. It helps preserve the truth.
Ans: C
have been tested.
Answer Location: Why Is Freedom of Expression Valuable?
18. In attempting to decide when speech can be prohibited, the Supreme Court has ______.
a. made it easier for the government to suppress speech
b. clarified when the government can suppress speech
c. made it harder for the government to suppress speech
d. been reluctant to interfere with the government’s authority to suppress speech
e. rarely had to address when the government can suppress speech
Ans: C
have been tested.
Answer Location: Symbolic Speech
19. Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the Supreme Court’s view of freedom of
expression?
a. Flag burning is protected under the Constitution.
b. Associations such as the NAACP can be required to make their membership lists public.
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c. Prior restraint of the press can occur only during extreme emergencies.
d. Pornography is protected on the Internet.
e. Political speech can be restricted only if it leads to “imminent lawlessness.”
Ans: B
have been tested.
20. Which of the following statements concerning the protection of free expression in the United
States is NOT true?
a. Americans have often found it easy to suppress the free expression of unpopular ideas.
b. Free expression has been suppressed at times in the name of national security.
c. One argument in favor of free expression is that it aids in the search for truth.
d. The Supreme Court has consistently favored expansion of the freedom of expression.
e. One argument in favor of the suppression of false ideas is that they are a threat to the truth.
Ans: D
have been tested.
21. In Florence v. Board of Chosen Freeholders of County of Burlington, the Court ruled that the
plaintiff could be ______.
a. arrested for symbolic speech because his actions constituted an imminent threat to public
safety
b. subject to a strip search for a minor offense he didn’t commit because concerns over jail
security outweigh an individual’s privacy rights
c. strip searched because the suspect’s conduct gave the police a reasonable suspicion that a
crime had been committed or was about to be committed
d. released from jail because he was not informed of his Miranda rights prior to being placed in
the jail population
e. released from jail due to police misconduct, which included forcing the suspect to lift his
genitals after being booked at the police station
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 5-6: Describe the protections afforded criminal defendants under the
Constitution.
Answer Location: Protection Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures
22. The national government decides to prosecute a speaker who states at a political rally, “The
U.S. government’s policy toward the Middle East is responsible for the violence in the region,
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TEST BANK
and our leaders should be forced to change their policy.” Although the government would most
likely be unsuccessful, for what would the government prosecute the speaker?
a. symbolic speech
b. fighting words
c. sedition
d. libel
e. slander
Ans: C
have been tested.
23. The Supreme Court’s ruling in Brandenburg v. Ohio is significant because it ______.
a. created a new standard for regulating political speech
b. solved the question of what to do when violent speech is linked with violent action
c. created the clear and present danger test
d. declared certain kinds of symbolic speech to be unconstitutional
e. created a new test to determine whether something was pornographic
Ans: A
have been tested.
24. The Supreme Court has ruled that ______.

a. symbolic speech is always protected
b. symbolic speech is never protected
c. symbolic speech is not protected when it is most likely to inspire fear of bodily harm
d. flag burning is not symbolic speech
e. symbolic speech may be prohibited when it offends the public’s values
Ans: C
have been tested.
25. It is difficult for the Supreme Court to determine the exact meaning of obscenity because
______.
a. the whole area is so subjective that wide disagreement exists
b. few historical cases have examined the issue
c. there are so few obscenity tests to choose from
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TEST BANK
d. radical feminists and conservatives strongly disagree on the issue

e. teachers and students strongly disagree on the issue
Ans: A
have been tested.
Answer Location: Obscenity and Pornography
26. An interesting result of the obscenity debate has been ______.

a. the absence of politics in the debate
b. the alliance of conservatives and radical feminists in opposition to obscenity
c. the alliance of the pornography industry and feminists to fight for looser restrictions on what is
considered obscene
d. the alliance of big business and labor in opposition to obscenity
e. a split on the issue in the Republican Party
Ans: B
have been tested.
Answer Location: Obscenity and Pornography
27. The founders’ opposition to prior restraint showed their commitment to ______.
a. the right to due process of law
b. freedom of the press
c. freedom of assembly
d. the right to bear arms
e. freedom of religion
Ans: B
have been tested.
Answer Location: Freedom of the Press
28. The idea that language shapes behavior and, therefore, should be regulated to control its
social effects is known as ______.
a. the free exercise clause
b. political correctness
c. fighting words
d. obscenity
e. libel
Ans: B
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
have been tested.

Answer Location: Fighting Words and Offensive Speech
29. The Supreme Court has ruled that prior restraint ______.
a. may be used by presidents in situations they declare involve national security
b. may be used in cases in which words are malicious
c. may be upheld only in cases of extreme emergency
d. may be upheld when Congress has granted the president legal authority to censor
e. is always unconstitutional
Ans: C
have been tested.
30. Written defamation of character is known as ______.

a. obscenity
b. libel
c. political falsehood
d. slander
e. sedition
Ans: B
have been tested.
31. The Supreme Court has ruled that public figures can win libel suits against the mass media
only when the ______.
a. claims made by the media are false
b. claims made by the media damage the reputation of the public figure
c. public figure does not agree with the claims
d. claims made by the media will affect the outcome of an election
e. claims made by the media are known by them to be false or are made with reckless disregard
for the truth of the claims
Ans: E
have been tested.
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TEST BANK
32. In the conflict between media access to a trial and a defendant’s right to a fair trial, the
Supreme Court has ______.
a. generally restricted press access to a trial
b. rarely considered whether the person is a public figure
c. relied on the defendant’s feelings to determine if there should be press access to the trial
d. made total media access the norm after the O. J. Simpson trial
e. generally permitted press access to most stages of the legal proceedings
Ans: E
have been tested.
33. The Supreme Court has ruled that ______.

a. public figures have more protection from the press than other members of the public
b. public figures have the same protection from the press as other members of the public
c. public figures have less protection from the press than other members of the public
d. only nonpolitical public figures have as much protection from the press as other members of
the public
e. only political public figures have as much protection from the press as other members of the
public
Ans: C
have been tested.
34. The Supreme Court ruled recently that the Second Amendment ______.
a. establishes only a collective right of the states to have militias
b. does not apply to the states
c. establishes an individual right to bear arms
d. applies to the states
e. is ambiguous and should be disregarded
Ans: C
Learning Objective: 5-5: Give examples of different interpretations of the Second Amendment’s
meaning.
Answer Location: The Right to Bear Arms
35. The Supreme Court ruled recently that the Second Amendment individual right to bear arms
______.
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TEST BANK
a. applies to the states as well as to the national government

b. applies only to the national government
c. is restricted to rifles
d. should be replaced in favor of an interpretation that the right to bear arms is a collective right
of the states
e. does not apply to individuals convicted of misdemeanor domestic assault
Ans: A
Learning Objective: 5-5: Give examples of different interpretations of the Second Amendment’s
meaning.
Answer Location: The Right to Bear Arms
36. The current status of the exclusionary rule is that ______.

a. evidence obtained unconstitutionally may not be used in court
b. evidence obtained unconstitutionally may be used in court, but the defendant may sue the
police in civil court or bring criminal charges against them
c. the exclusionary rule has been eliminated
d. unconstitutionally gathered evidence may be used in court as long as the police did not violate
the Constitution deliberately; however, the burden is on the police to show they acted in good
faith
e. none of the above
Ans: D
Constitution.
37. The Supreme Court has ruled that the exclusionary rule should ______.
a. apply only when the police conduct an illegal search deliberately; however, the burden is on
the police to show they acted in good faith
b. apply only to acts of the national government
c. be eliminated
d. be expanded to cover searches conducted by the military
e. not apply to cases involving investigations of terrorism
Ans: A
Constitution.
38. The exclusionary rule is the Supreme Court rule that states that ______.
a. illegally seized evidence cannot be used to obtain a conviction
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TEST BANK
b. special regulations promulgated by the president to keep foreign aliens from entering the
country apply only during a national crisis
c. a defendant’s previous record cannot be raised in a trial
d. evidence not related to a crime must be excluded from a person’s trial
e. a defendant’s religious activities must be excluded from evidence
Ans: A
Constitution.
39. Miranda v. Arizona held that ______.

a. confessions will be judged by the “totality of circumstances” rule
b. all confessions must be made in the presence of a lawyer
c. police can no longer use confessions as a basis for arresting a person
d. police have to advise people of their constitutional rights prior to questioning
e. confessions obtained beyond U.S. borders cannot be used as evidence in U.S. courts
Ans: D
Constitution.
Answer Location: Protection Against Self-Incrimination
40. The right against self-incrimination ______.

a. applies only during trial
b. does not apply at the federal level under the Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
c. applies to suspects only in capital cases
d. applies at all stages of a criminal proceeding at the state and national levels
e. was weakened when the Supreme Court reversed the Miranda decision
Ans: D
Constitution.
Answer Location: Protection Against Self-Incrimination
41. The current status of the right to counsel in criminal trials is that ______.
a. the Supreme Court has eliminated the right to counsel
b. the Supreme Court has extended the right to counsel to civil cases
c. the Supreme Court has restricted the right to counsel to those earning less than $3,000 per year
d. there has been no change in the law since the Gideon case, and the states have undergone a
great financial burden to make sure every defendant has competent counsel
e. in many places, the right to counsel is complied with on a minimal basis
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
Ans: E
Constitution.
Answer Location: Right to Counsel
42. It is difficult to know when to apply the prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment
because ______.
a. the definitions of cruel and unusual are difficult to establish
b. the public presses the government to inflict cruel punishments
c. cruel punishments are often warranted
d. crime can be suppressed only if the government is willing to be cruel
e. unusual punishments are often necessary for unusual defendants
Ans: A
Constitution.
Answer Location: Protection Against Cruel and Unusual Punishment
43. Support of capital punishment has been weakening in the United States, mostly due to public
concern that ______.
a. the international community strongly disapproves of it
b. the system might be executing innocent people
c. it is inherently wrong in principle
d. it encourages violent behavior
e. the death sentence isn’t used often enough in criminal cases
Ans: B
Constitution.
Answer Location: Protection Against Cruel and Unusual Punishment
44. Which of the following statements best describes the constitutional right to privacy?
a. The courts have ruled that a right to privacy applies only to cases of reproductive rights.
b. A right to privacy is not clearly spelled out in the Constitution, but many people argue the
right is implied.
c. A right to privacy is spelled out explicitly in the Tenth Amendment.
d. The founders did not support a right to privacy, as evidenced by the Bill of Rights.
e. A right to privacy exists in the federal Constitution but not in most state constitutions.
Ans: B
Learning Objective: 5-7: Discuss the extent of an individual’s right to privacy.
©2015, CQ Press
TEST BANK
Answer Location: Why Is the Right to Privacy Valuable?

45. The authors of the text conclude that the question of whether and how the states should
regulate abortion ______.
a. is settled law
b. has receded from political debate
c. is likely to remain a divisive issue in American politics for some time
d. has moved to the state level as an issue
e. will inevitably be decided in favor of those claiming that a right to abortion exists
Ans: C
Answer Location: Why Is the Right to Privacy Valuable?
46. The Supreme Court’s ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut is significant because it ______.
a. protected a poor person’s right to counsel
b. opened the door for a variety of claims regarding the right to privacy
c. incorporated the exclusionary rule
d. created a new standard regarding the regulation of political speech
e. changed precedent regarding searches and seizures
Ans: B
Answer Location: Reproductive Rights
47. The Supreme Court has ruled that the right to refuse medical life support ______.
a. does not exist
b. is superseded by the authority of the state to protect life
c. is a matter for individuals to decide for themselves
d. has very limited protection
e. can be decided by the families when individuals cannot speak for themselves and their wishes
are unknown
Ans: C
Answer Location: The Right to Die
48. In reading about the issues discussed in the textbook concerning the right to privacy, one
would conclude that most of the controversies over this right involve ______.
a. life and death
b. the privacy of information
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
The books, magazines, guns, fishing tackle, camera, etc., of the
out-of-door man are often kept or laid aside in various places. To
provide a good place for such equipment, I made the case shown.
What apparently is a neat bookcase when closed, the top shelf used
as a magazine rack, accommodates numerous other articles. After
the “bookcase” has been examined superficially I open the door,
swing the shelves out, and display back of them my guns, hunting
togs and outfit. Two small drawers, covered by the upper rail of the
door when closed, hold various small articles; and a blind drawer
under the door holds shoes and the larger articles. I constructed this
combination cabinet as follows: The lumber used was ⁷⁄₈-in.
chestnut. The dimensions of the cabinet are 60 by 30 by 14 in. For
the back of the bookshelf and cabinet I used matched ceiling. The
door casings are 4 in. wide; the sidepieces of the door are 3 in. wide,
the top, 4 in., and bottom piece, 6 in. wide. This cabinet cost me less
than $3 and does the service of a gun cabinet valued at $30.—F. E.
Brimmer, Dalton, N. Y.
A Photographic-Negative Filing System
In order to preserve photographic negatives and to make them
easily available, the following homemade system was devised: The
negatives are kept in envelopes having a print from the negative
therein mounted on the face. A trial, or an inferior, print is used, and
shows what negative it contains. Extra prints and enlargements are
kept in the same envelope for each negative. On the face, or back,
of the envelope is written data, such as name or title of subject,
place and date taken, stop and shutter speed used, most suitable
printing paper, developer, etc. This data may be kept in the negative
envelope on a sheet of paper. This leaves the photograph album free
from data that is of no interest to persons viewing the pictures. The
envelopes are kept in their original boxes, classified as “Animals,”
“Birds,” “Live Stock,” “Landscapes,” “My 1914 Vacation Trip,” and so
forth.
Knee-Rest Holder for Milking Pail
Becoming tired of holding the milk pail between my knees while

milking, I made a contrivance of strap iron to overcome this. It is
arranged so that the milk pail will just fit inside, the curved straps
supporting the weight of the pail on the knees. The holder may be
made of wood, with the possible exception of the curved arms, which
should be made of pieces of iron, ¹⁄₈ in. thick and about 2 wide. The
circular frame can be made adjustable to various pails by bolts set in
holes in the bands.—J. C. Whitescarver, Miami, Okla.
Tool Sockets in Edge of Drawing Board
Drawing tools, pencils, etc., were kept out of the way on a drawing
board by inserting them in pockets drilled in the upper edge of the
drawing board. A small brass plate, pivoted on the center, was used
to cover each set of two pockets, and the latter were numbered on
the upper surface of the board.—Elmer O. Tetzlaff, De Pere, Wis.
Cart for Carrying Huge Drum in Parade
This Rubber-Tired Cart was Built Specially for a Large Drum Used in Parades
The inalienable right of the small boy to carry the drum in a parade
was disregarded when the cart shown in the sketch was made for a
large drum. Two rubber-tired wheels were mounted on an axle bent
to fit the drum, and curved handles, forming a supporting frame,
were fixed to it. The frame was made of hickory, steamed and bent
into shape, and the drum was arranged to be quickly dismounted.—
W. C. K., Mason City, Iowa.
A Homemade Inverted Electric-Light Fixture
An attractive and serviceable inverted-light fixture for a den and
study was made at an outlay of about 30 cents, the details of
construction being shown in the illustration. The light is distributed
thoroughly, and with a 40-watt lamp is ideal for work at a desk. The
lower portion A is a tin washbasin, costing 10 cents, and the part C is
a cup-cake pan, costing 5 cents. The rim B is made of ⁵⁄₈-in. wood,
13 in. in diameter, and the disk E, 10 in. wide, is the round block cut
from the center of the rim B. The uprights D are made of ³⁄₈-in. dowel
rods and of a length suitable to the height of the room. They are
glued and toenailed to the rim and disk. F is a cup-cake pan, and G
is a drawer knob, fastened to the pan F. These parts can be omitted
if desired. They are fastened to the top with wood screws.
A Ten-Cent Washbasin was Used as a Reflector for This Light Fixture
The light socket is supported in a metal strap, H, having a rounded
offset to match a bolted clamping strip. The inside of the basin, being
tinned, acts as an excellent reflector. All parts except the inside of
the pan are enameled white. The fixture is fastened to the ceiling
with screws through the disk.—A. F. Krueger, Champaign, Ill.
¶The gummed portions of unsealed envelopes are often useful when

a gummed strip is desired.
Laying Out a Horizontal Sundial Plate
To make a sundial accurately it is necessary to lay out the lines for
the particular locality where it is to be used, as a dial will vary slightly
according to the latitude. The parts may be made of wood, metal, or
stone. A good method is to have a bronze casting made from a
wooden pattern. The lines may be cut with a lathe and planer in a
machine shop, or engraved by hand.
Fig. 1
Lay Out the Dial Plate Symmetrically, Allowing Space for the Style
The illustrations show how the dial is made. The lines, as indicated
in Fig. 1, should be laid out very carefully, first on a pattern. Draw a
horizontal line near the top which represents the six-o’clock line, A-
VI, in Fig. 2. Then lay out another line AH, at right angles to A-VI.
Take a point C at any convenient place and construct the right-
angled triangle ABD. The angle CAB should be equal to the degree
of latitude of the place. The angle CBD equals CAB. Take a compass
and set it to a radius equal to the side BD, and draw the quadrant DF
from E. From D draw the line DG out for same distance and parallel
with A-VI. Now divide the quadrant DF into six equal parts. Draw the
lines E1, E2, E3, etc., and where they intersect the line DG, draw the
lines from A, as A-I, A-II, A-III, etc. These are the hour lines. Divide
each of the six divisions of the quadrant into four parts, and draw the
lines, as shown between the 3 and 4 divisions. These are the 15-
minute parts. Each of these parts may be divided in turn, and this is
best done by eye, unless the dial is quite large.
The Dial is Mounted Horizontally with the High End of the Style toward the
North
Fig. 2 Fig. 3
Diagram for Marking the Dial and Making the Style
This will complete one-half of the dial. The other half is done in the
same manner, leaving a space between the line AH and its
corresponding line for the other side of the dial. This space should
be equal to the thickness of the upright shadow-casting piece, or
style. The style has its base equal in length to the line AH, and its
angle, S, equal to the latitude, or the angle CAB. It is mounted in the
space with the high end at 12 o’clock. It may be fastened to the dial
with screws passing through the base. Mount the dial horizontally on
a suitable pedestal. The style should be exactly north and south, with
12 o’clock toward the north. The dial will be fast or slow over clock
time. This is corrected by consulting an almanac and setting the
clock accordingly from the dial. A correction plate may thus be made
and mounted on the pedestal.—F. B. Walters, Baltimore, Md.
Homemade Roadster with Motorcycle Engine
By mounting a 5-hp. motorcycle engine on a frame built of 2 by 4-
in. stuff, and rigging the outfit on running gear made of gas-pipe
axles, old buggy springs, and motorcycle wheels, I made the light
roadster shown in the photograph, at small cost. It develops 30 miles
an hour easily, carrying only the driver, and has carried five persons.
The frame is suspended from the springs, with an underslung effect,
on the front axle. The power is transmitted by a friction drive,
consisting of a fiber contact pulley, obtained from an old commercial
car, and a disk used as a cutter on a plow.
This Friction-Drive Cyclecar was Built in Spare Time by a Mechanic, Using

Largely Makeshift Material
The front axle is of 1-in. gas pipe fitted with suitable-size solid
nipples, and washers, at the bearings. The steering knuckle was
made of steel shafting turned down to fit a pipe tee, set in the axle.
The drive shaft is ⁷⁄₈ in. in diameter, and has a ball thrust bearing on
the end. Sprocket gearing gives a ratio of 6 to 1, on high speed.—E.
L. Munsen, La Conner, Wash.
Mending Aluminum Cooking Utensils
Holes in aluminum ware may be mended by plugging them with
rivets as follows: Make a rivet of lead or solder, and enlarge the hole
to fit the rivet tightly. Insert the rivet from the inside and back it with a
piece of hard wood, or metal. Rivet the other end to fill the hole and
lap over it slightly. Suitable rivets may be made by cutting a lead
wire, about ³⁄₄ in. long, and of the desired diameter, on which a head
is formed by riveting down the end. The wire is set in a hole in a
block during this operation.—L. C. Burke, Madison, Wis.
Feeding Cards into Typewriter
Trouble is sometimes experienced in feeding cards into a
typewriter, and this may be overcome by providing a paper sheet as
a leader. Run the sheet of paper into the machine and feed the card
in after it, lapping their adjoining edges. This prevents the edge of
the card from catching on the rolls.
A California Bungalow for Canaries
An outdoor birdhouse, which has proved popular in various sizes,
especially for canaries, is that with a bungalow roof, and sides of
wire netting, as shown in the photograph reproduced. While a
number of these houses were made in a workshop to order, the
construction is so simple that boys will find considerable fun in
making them, especially in framing the roof. The house shown is 18
by 28 in., and 14¹⁄₂ in. high to the eaves strip. The body of the house
is made in two side and two end frames, fastened at the corners with
screws. The wire is put on the frames before assembling them. A
small, sliding door, of wood and wire, is provided, or one end may be
made in two frames, one of which is hinged for a door. The eaves
should extend at least 2¹⁄₂ inches.—H. L. Coolidge, Pasadena, Cal.
Homemade Device Aids Blind Person in Writing
The Height of the Letters is Gauged by a Guide Wire

Keeping The Republic Power and Citizenship in American Politics The Essentials 8Th Edition Barbour Test Bank Full Chapter PDF

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Keeping the Republic: Power and Citizenship in American Politics, by Christine Barbour and Gerald C.

in American Politics THE ESSENTIALS 8th Edition

Chapter 5: Fundamental American Liberties

2. The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is ______.

6. An action that criminalizes an act after it occurs is a(n) ______.

d. habeas corpus law

12. The establishment clause guarantees ______.

Answer Location: Why Is Religious Freedom Valuable?

14. Separationists differ from accommodationists in that ______.

16. The Lemon test established that ______.

24. The Supreme Court has ruled that ______.

d. radical feminists and conservatives strongly disagree on the issue

26. An interesting result of the obscenity debate has been ______.

have been tested.

30. Written defamation of character is known as ______.

33. The Supreme Court has ruled that ______.

a. applies to the states as well as to the national government

36. The current status of the exclusionary rule is that ______.

39. Miranda v. Arizona held that ______.

40. The right against self-incrimination ______.

Answer Location: Why Is the Right to Privacy Valuable?

Becoming tired of holding the milk pail between my knees while

¶The gummed portions of unsealed envelopes are often useful when

This Friction-Drive Cyclecar was Built in Spare Time by a Mechanic, Using

The Height of the Letters is Gauged by a Guide Wire

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