Numerical on Theory of Relativity

Dr. B. K. Sahoo
Associate Professor of Physics
NIT Raipur
 Show that velocity follows simple addition formula: u=u’ + v ; while
Acceleration is invariant under Galileo Transformation equations
x  x ' vt
Position

y  y' inertial reference frame

t  t' t and t ' are the same

dx dx '
  v  v x  v' x  v
dt dt
t and t ' are the same dy dy '
  v y  v' y
dx dx' dt dt
  v  u x  u x ' v dt dt '
 11
dt dt dt dt
Velocity

dy dy '
  t y  t'y
dt dt
dt dt '
 11
dt dt
frame K frame K’

t and t ' are the same  

ma   F  ma '   F
Acceleration

dvx dvx '

  0  ax  ax '
dt dt Newton’s Eqn of Motion the same in both reference
dv y dv y ' frames
  a y  a' y
dt dt
Laws of physics are same in all inertial frames
 Momentum is conserved in all inertial frames
Momentum of a spring and mass system

m
7
Michelson-Morley Expt
Numerical from MM Expt
Numerical from MM Expt
Homework
Invariants: Quantity that remains same when transformed
from one frame to another frame
Derive Inverse Lorentz transformation equations
20
21
22
Numerical from Lorentz Transformation
Simultaneity of events
Length Contraction
Length Contraction
Length Contraction
Time Dilation
 3Dimensional Vs 4Dimensional Volume element
Equation of motion of a photon in a sphere is x2+y2+z2 = c2t2. This is x2+y2+z2 - c2t2=0,
which is x2+y2+z2 +(ict)2=0. This implies that time is another coordinate= ict.
Relativistic velocity addition
Relativistic velocity addition
Mass Variation
Mass Variation
Mass and Energy
Mass and Energy
Mass and Energy
Acceleration
44