Solution Manual for Engineering Mechanics

Statics SI Edition 4th Edition by Pytel

Kiusalaas ISBN 1305577434 9781305577435

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engineering-mechanics-statics-si-edition-4th-edition-by-pytel-kiusalaas-
isbn-1305577434-9781305577435/
Chapter 2
2.1
The resultant of each force system is 500N ↑.
Each resultant force has the same line of action as the the force in (a), except (f) and (h)
Therefore (b), (c), (d), (e) and (g) are equivalent to (a)
2.2

Rx = ΣFx : + Rx = 1335 cos 70◦ + 667 cos 20◦ = 1083 N R

→

Ry = ΣFy : +↑ Ry = 1335 sin 70◦ + 667 sin 20◦ = 1483 N 1482 N

√
R = R2 + R2 = 10832 + 14832 = 1863 N 1083 N
x y
1863 N
333.2 R=
−1 ◦
θ = tan = 53.9
243.6 53.9°

2.3
Rx = ΣFx = −T1 cos 60◦ + T3 cos 40◦
= −489 cos 60◦ + 667 cos 40◦ = 266.5 N
Ry = ΣFy = T1 sin 60◦ + T2 + T3 sin 40◦
= 489 sin 60◦ + 178 + 667 sin 40◦ = 1030 N
√
R = 266.52 + 10302 = 1064 N
1030
θ = tan−1 = 75.5◦
266.5

R = 1064 N
21
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 75.5 o
x

2.4
Rx = ΣFx + −→ Rx = 25 cos 45◦ + 40 cos 60◦ − 30
Rx = 7.68 kN
Ry = ΣFy +↑ Ry = 25 sin 45◦ − 40 sin 60◦
Ry = −16.96 kN

R = 7.68i − 16.96k kN

22
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2.5
−120j + 80k
F1 = F1 λAB = 80 = − 66.56j + 44.38k N
(−120)2 + 802
− 100i − 120j +80k
F2 = F2 λAC = 60
(−100)2 + (−120)2 + 802
= −34.19i − 41.03j + 27.35k N
−100i + 80k
F3 = F3 λAD = 50 = − 39.04i + 31.24k N
(−100)2 + 802

R = ΣF = (−34.19 − 39.04)i + (−66.56 − 41.03)j

+(44.38 + 27.35 + 31.24)k
= −73.2i − 107.6j + 103.0k N

2.6
(a) P1 = 489j N P2 = −890 cos 25◦ i + 890 sin 25◦ j = −807i + 376j N

P3 = −667 cos 40◦ i + 667 sin 40◦ k = −511i + 429k N

R = ΣP = (−807 − 511)i + (489 + 376)j + 429k N y B
= −1318i + 865j + 429k N
∴ R = (−1318)2 + 8652 + 4292 = 1634 N z
y
ABx ABy ABz 0.67 y z R
= = : = =
|Rx | |Ry | |Rz | 1318 865 429

0.67(865) x
y= = 0.4398 m
1318
0.67(429)
z= = 0.2181 m
1318
∴ R passes through the point (0, 0.4398 m, 0.2181 m)
(b)

2.7
R = (−P2 cos 25◦ − P3 cos 40◦ )i + (P1 + P2 sin 25◦ )j + P3 sin 40◦ k
= −3560i + 3115j + 2225k lb
Equating like coefficients:
−P2 cos 25◦ − P3 cos 40◦ = −3560
P1 + P2 sin 25◦ = 3115
P3 sin 40◦ = 2225

23
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 Solution is
P1 = 2690 N P2 = 1000 N P3 = 3460 N

2.8
−i + 2j + 6k
T1 = 90 = −14.06i + 28.11j + 84.33k kN
( −1)2 + 22 + 62
− 2i − 3j +6k
T2 = 60 = −17.14i − 25.71j + 51.43k kN
(−2)2 + (−3)2 + 62

2i − 3j +6k
T3 = 40 = 11.43i − 17.14j + 34.29k kN
22 + (−3)2 + 62

R = T1 + T2 + T3 = (−14.06 − 17.14 + 11.43)i

+(28.11 − 25.71 − 17.14)j + (84.33 + 51.43 + 34.29)k
= −19.77i − 14.74j + 170.05k kN
2.9
−i + 2j + 6k
T1 = T 1 = T1 (−0.15617i + 0.3123j + 0.9370k)
( −1)2 + 22 + 62
− 2i − 3j +6k
T2 = T 2 = T2 (−0.2857i − 0.4286j + 0.8571k)
(−2)2 + (−3)2 + 62

2i − 3j +6k
T3 = T 3 = T3 (0.2857i − 0.4286j + 0.8571k)
22 + (−3)2 + 62

T1 + T2 + T3 = R
Equating like components, we get
−0.15617T1 − 0.2857T2 + 0.2857T3 = 0
0.3123T1 − 0.4286T2 − 0.4286T3 = 0
0.9370T1 + 0.8571T2 + 0.8571T3 = 210

Solution is
T1 = 134.5 kN T2 = 12.24 kN T3 = 85.8 kN
2.10

24
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2.11

F1 = −45 cos 20◦ i − 45 sin 20◦ j = −42.29i − 15.39j N

F2 = F2 (sin 60◦ i + cos 60◦ j) = F2 (0.8660i + 0.5j)
R = ΣF = (−42.29 + 0.8660F2 )i + (−15.39 + 0.5F2 )j
→
B = −102i + 152j mm
→
Because R and B are parallel, their components are proportional:

−42.29 + 0.8660F2 15.39 + 0.5F2

=
−102 152
F2 = 60.3 N
2.12
Q 133.5 N
o 216 mm

8" a a
P R

First find the direction of R from geometry (the 3 forces must intersect at a com-
mon point).

8 − a = 8.5 tan 35◦ ∴ a = 0.052 m

a 0.052 m
β = tan−1 = tan−1 = 13.547◦
216 216

Rx = ΣFx + −→ R sin 13.547◦ = −P sin 35◦ + 30

Ry = ΣFy + ↓ R cos 13.547◦ = P cos 35◦

Solution is
P = 17.6 kg R = 14.9 kg

2.13
305i − 152j + 229k
FAB = 67 = 49.772i − 24.804j + 37.37k N
3052 + ( −152)2 + 2292

FAC = −49.772i − 24.804j + 37.37k N (by symmetry)

ΣFy = 0 : 2(−24.804) + T = 0
25
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 T = 49.6 N
2.11

26
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2.14
0.915i + 1.22k
P1 = 445 √ = 267i + 356k N
0.9152 + 1.222
0.915i + 0.915j + 1.22k
P2 = 534 √ = 274.8i + 274.8j + 366.4k N
0.9152 + 0.9152 + 1.222
P3 = 267j N

Q1 = Q 1 i
−0.915i −
Q =Q = Q2 (−0.7071i − 0.7071j)
0.915j
2 2√
0.9152 + 0.9152
0.915j + 1.22k
Q3 = Q3 √ = Q3 (0.6j + 0.8k)
0.9152 + 1.222

Equating similar components of ΣQ = ΣP:

Q1 − 0.7071Q2 = 267 + 274.8
−0.7071Q2 + 0.6Q3 = 274.8 + 267
0.8Q3 = 356 + 366.4
Solution is
Q1 = 541.8 N Q2 = 0 Q3 = 903 N
2.15

Rx = ΣFx + −→ 35.6 = 178 sin 45◦ − Q sin 30◦ Q = 180.5 N

Ry = ΣFy + ↑ 0 = 178 cos 45◦ − W + 180.5 cos 30◦
∴ W = 282.2 N

2.16

P2 h
P1 P3
40o 50o
b
4m 6m

The forces must be concurrent. From geometry:

h = (4 + b) tan 40◦ = (6 − b) tan 50◦ ∴ b = 1.8682 m
∴ h = (4 + 1.8682) tan 40◦ = 4.924 m
h 4.924
θ = tan−1 = tan−1 = 69.22◦
27
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 b 1.8682
2.14

28
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 R = ΣF = (25 cos 40◦ + 60 cos 69.22◦ − 80 cos 50◦ )i
+(25 sin 40◦ + 60 sin 69.22◦ + 80 sin 50◦ )j
= −10.99i + 133.45j kN

2.17

2.18
0.915i − 0.61j − 1.83k
T1 = 800 = 343i − 229j − 686k N
0.9152 + ( −0.61)2 + (− 1.83)2

0.915j − 1.83k
T2 = 1112 = 386j − 771k N
0.9152 + ( −1.83)2

− 1.22i − 1.83k
T3 = 1780 = −988i − 1480k N
(−1.22)2 + (−1.83)2

R = ΣT = (343 − 988)i + (−229 + 386)j

+(−686 − 771 − 1480)k
= −645i + 157j − 2937k N acting through point A.
2.19
0.915i − 3.66j +3.05k
TAB = TAB λAB = 534
0.9152 + ( −3.66)2 + 3.052
= 100.7i − 402.9j + 402.9k N
− 2.44i − 3.66j +0.915k
TAC = TAC λAC = 712
(−2.44)2 + (−3.66)2 + 0.9152
= −386.7i − 580.0j + 145.0k lb
29
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 R = TAB + TAC − W k
= (100.7 − 386.7)i + (−402.9 − 580.0)j + (402.9 + 145.0 − 480)k
= −286.0i − 982.9j + 67.9k N

2.20
Choose the line of action of the middle force as the x-axis.
y F

25o x
40o F
F
Rx = ΣFx = F (cos 25◦ + 1 + cos 40◦ ) = 2.672F
Ry = ΣFy = F (sin 25◦ − sin 40◦ ) = −0.2202F

R = F 2.6722 + (−0.2202)2 = 2.681F

1780 = 2.681F ∴ F = 664 N
*2.21
98.1 kN
y
54.9 m
O Q
x A 35º
20º x
R
d 78.5 kN
78.5 kN
Q

Let Q be the resultant of the two forces at A.

+ Qx = ΣFx = 98.1 cos 35◦ + 78.5 cos 20◦ = 154.1 kN
→
+↑ Qy = ΣFy = 98.1 sin 35◦ − 78.5 sin 20◦ = 29.4 kN
∴ tan α = Qy /Qx = 29.4/154.1 = 0.1909
Let R be the resultant of Q and the 78.5-kN vertical force.
+ Rx = ΣFx = Qx = 154.1 kN
→
+↑ Ry = ΣFy = 78.5 + Qy = 78.5 + 29.4 = 107.9 kN
∴ R = 154.1i + 107.9j kN

(Note that tan β = Ry /Rx = 107.9/154.1 = 0.7002)

To find x: d = 54.9 tan α = 54.9(0.1909) = 10.48 m
x = d/ tan β = 10.48/0.7002 = 14.97 m
27
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 P2 800 N
o
38
P1

0.6 m

A
0.5 m

+ MA = −0.6P1 + 0.5P2
= −0.6(800 cos 38◦ ) + 0.5(800 sin 38◦ ) = −132.0 N · m
∴ MA = 132.0 N · m
2.23
A 1020 mm B

267 N 610 mm
P2
P1

305 mm P2
P1 C
1020
P1 = 267 √
= 255.7 N
10202 + 3052
With the force in the original position:
MA = 0.610P1 = 0.610(255.7) = 156 N · m
With the force moved to point C:
MB = 36P1 = 0.915(255.7) = 234 N · m

2.24
P
5.5 m 2.5 m
B
A C
P cos
P sin

Resolve the force at C into components as shown. Adding the moments of the forces
about A yields
+ MA = 5.5P − 8P sin θ = 0
5.5
sin θ = = 0.6875 θ = 43.4◦
8

28
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2.25
y
A
P
0.5 m
0.4 P
0.6403
x
O 0.4 m B

0.5 P
0.6403

Since MA = MB = 0, the force P passes through A and B, as shown.

0.5
+ MO = P (0.4) = 350 kN · m P = 1120.5 N
0.6403
0.4 0.5
P = 1120.5i − 1120.5j = 700i − 875j N
0.6403 0.6403
2.26

2.27
Fy = 80 N
y
305 mm

A Fx = 40 N
F = 40i + 80j N
127 mm

O x
(a)
i j k
MO = rOA × F = 0.305 0.127 0
40 80 0
= k [80(0.305) − 0.127(40)] = 19.32k N · m
29
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 (b) MO = 80(0.305) − 0.127(40) = 19.32 N · m ∴ MO = 19.32 N · m CCW
(c) Unit vector perpendicular to OA is

127 305
λ=− i+ j
330 330 F1
F1 = F • λ y
305
127 305 305 mm 127 F2

= (40i + 80j) • (− i+ j) A
330 330
127 mm
5080 + 24, 400
= = 58.55 N· m
330 O x

MO = 0.330F1 = 0.330(58.55) = 19.32 N · m ∴ MO = 19.32 N · m CCW

2.28
30.41 kN 20 m 16 m

45o B
30.41 kN
T = 43 kN W = 38 kN

(a) Moment of T:

+ MB = 30.41(20) = 608 kN · m CCW

(b) Moment of W :
+ MB = 38(16) = 608 kN · m CW
(c) Combined moment:
+ MB = 608 − 608 = 0
2.29
The moment of F about O is maximum when θ = 90◦
F

67.8
MO = F(0.381) = 67.8 N·m ∴ F= = 178 N
0.381
O

30
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2.30
(a)
F
2
F
B 45o
F
2
y d

65o
A x
Fd
MA = √
2
(b)
F = F cos 20◦ i + F sin 20◦ j
→
r = B = d cos 65◦ i + d sin 65◦ j

i j k
MA = r × F = cos 65◦ sin 65◦ 0 F d
cos 20◦ sin 20◦ 0

= (sin 20◦ cos 65◦ − cos 20◦ sin 65◦ ) F d k= − 0.707F dk

2.31
107 N
80 N
102 mm
x
A

Because the resultant passes through point A, we have

ΣMA = 0 + 107(102) − 80x = 0 x = 136 mm

2.32
1.83
30
y x 1.22 o
2.13
2.44 m 1.588 m 1.462 m
Wx
3.05 m
27.6 kN Wy W
31
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 2.13
Wy = W √ = 0.8245W
2.132 + 1.4622
Largest W occurs when the moment about the rear axle is zero.
+ Maxle = 27.6 kN(2.44) − (0.8245W )(3.05) = 0
∴ W = 26.8 kN

2.33
B
0.3
A 30 o
0.5196 0.7416 0.15
0.3 Fx
Dimensions in Fy
meters

+ MA = −Fx (0.15) + Fy (0.5196 + 0.7416 + 0.3)

310 = −0.15Fx + 1.5612Fy (a)
+ MB = −Fx (0.3 + 0.15) + Fy (0.7416 + 0.3)
120 = −0.45Fx + 1.0416Fy (b)

310 = −0.15Fx + 1.5612Fy

120 = −0.45Fx + 1.0416Fy
Solution of Eqs. (a) and (b) is Fx = 248.1 N and Fy = 222.4 N
√
∴ F = 248.12 + 222.42 = 333 N
Fx 248.1
θ = tan−1 = tan−1 = 48.1◦
Fy 222.4
2.34

−70i − 100k
P=P = (−0.5735i − 0.8192k)P
(−70)2 + (−100)2
→
r= B = −0.07i + 0.09j m

i j k
MA = r × P = −0.07 0.09 0 P

−0.5735 0 −0.8192
= (−73.73i − 57.34j +51.62k) × 10−3 P
32
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