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x
15
700 N
SOLUTION
The parallelogram law of addition and the triangular rule are shown in Figs. a and b,
respectively.
Applying the law of consines to Fig. b,
This yields
sin sin 45°
95.19°
700 497.01
Solution-Manual-for-Engineering-Mechanics-Statics-14th-Edition-by-Hibbeler-ISBN-0133918920-
9780133918922
1 1
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Ans:
FR = 497 N
f = 155
2 2
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2–2.
SOLUTION
The parallelogram law of addition and the triangular rule are shown in Figs. a and b,
respectively.
Applying the law of cosines to Fig. b,
u = 45.2° Ans.
3 3
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Ans:
F = 960 N
u = 45.2
4 4
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2–3.
Determine the magnitude of the resultant force FR = F1 + F2 y
and its direction, measured counterclockwise from the positive
x axis. F1 250 lb
30
SOLUTION x
FR = 2(250) + (375) - 2(250)(375) cos 75° = 393.2 = 393 lb
2 2
Ans. 45
393.2 250
=
sin 75° sin u
u = 37.89°
F2 375 lb
f = 360° - 45° + 37.89° = 353° Ans.
5 5
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Ans:
FR = 393 lb
f = 353
6 6
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*2–4.
SOLUTION A
Parallelogram Law: The parallelogram law of addition is shown in Fig. a.
Trigonometry: Using the law of sines (Fig. b), we have
F
500 C
sin 60° sin 75°
448 N Ans.
500
sin 45° sin 75°
366 N Ans.
7 7
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Ans:
FAB = 448 N
FAC = 366 N
8 8
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2–5.
45
SOLUTION A
FAB 350 C
=
sin 60° sin 75°
FAB = 314 lb Ans.
FAC 350
=
sin 45° sin 75°
FAC = 256 lb Ans.
9 9
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Ans:
FAB = 314 lb
FAC = 256 lb
10 10
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2–6.
Determine the magnitude of the resultant force v
FR = F1 + F2 and its direction, measured clockwise from
the positive u axis. 30
75 F1 4 kN
30
F2 6 kN
Solution
Parallelogram Law. The parallelogram law of addition is shown in Fig. a,
Trigonometry. Applying Law of cosines by referring to Fig. b,
11 11
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Ans:
f = 1.22
12 12
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2–7.
Resolve the force F1 into components acting along the u v
and v axes and determine the magnitudes of the components.
30
75 F1 4 kN
30
F2 6 kN
Solution
Parallelogram Law. The parallelogram law of addition is shown in Fig. a,
Trigonometry. Applying the sines law by referring to Fig. b.
(F1)v 4
= ; (F1)v = 2.928 kN = 2.93 kN Ans.
sin 45 sin 105
(F1)u 4
= ; (F1)u = 2.071 kN = 2.07 kN Ans.
sin 30 sin 105
Ans:
(F1)v = 2.93 kN
(F1)u = 2.07 kN
13 13
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*2–8.
Resolve the force F2 into components acting along the u v
and v axes and determine the magnitudes of the components.
30
75 F1 4 kN
30
F2 6 kN
Solution
Parallelogram Law. The parallelogram law of addition is shown in Fig. a,
Trigonometry. Applying the sines law of referring to Fig. b,
(F2)u 6
= ; (F2)u = 6.00 kN Ans.
sin 75 sin 75
(F2)v 6
= ; (F2)v = 3.106 kN = 3.11 kN Ans.
sin 30 sin 75
Ans:
(F2)u = 6.00 kN
(F2)v = 3.11 kN
14 14
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2–9.
B
60
900 lb
Solution
Parallelogram Law. The parallelogram law of addition is shown in Fig. a,
Trigonometry. Applying the law of cosines by referring to Fig. b,
Ans:
30 30
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FIG. 57.
15 M. A. Starr, “Sensory Tract in Central Nervous System,” Journ. Nerv. and Ment.
Dis., July, 1884, pp. 396-398.
17 Ibid.
18 See Tyson, “Diabetes Mellitus,” Pepper's System of Medicine, Vol. I. p. 195; Edes,
“Diabetes Insipidus,” ibid., Vol. IV. p. 30.
19 Tarchanoff, Pflüger's Arch., viii. p. 97; Ross, Diseases of the Nervous System, vol.
i. p. 225.
33 Vol. V. p. 205.
35 Vol. I. p. 221.
43 See p. 1263.
44 See p. 1257.
Symmetrical Gangrene.
54 Weiss, Wiener Klinik, 1882, “Symmetrische Gangrän;” also Zeitschrift für Prac.
Heilkunde, 1882.
(1) The fingers may look pale and dead, presenting the appearance
of the so-called digiti mortui, and may be cold, painful, and
anæsthetic. If this condition is moderate in degree, a certain amount
of blood will continue to flow through the contracted arterioles, and
then it corresponds to the description given by Raynaud of syncope
locale. If it is extreme, the part may be wholly deprived of arterial
blood, and then a true local asphyxia is present. In this stage the
patients usually suffer considerably, although some do not complain
of pain until the next stage. The ischæmia is attended with an
impairment of sensation to touch, temperature, and pain, and finer
motions become clumsy on account of the subjective numbness and
actual anæsthesia. At the same time, the fingers look shrunken, the
skin being thrown into folds, as if the hand had been soaked in hot
water, or they may appear as if frozen, the skin being hard and
immovable.59 The secretion of perspiration may be increased, and
the fingers feel damp as well as cold, or it may be suspended. The
local temperature is lowered. If the part is cut, little or no blood will
flow. At this stage the arterial spasm may suddenly relax and the part
return gradually to its normal condition, the cessation of the
constriction of the arteries and the return of blood being usually
accompanied by burning pain, which may last for some hours. The
duration of such an attack may vary from a few moments to several
days. If it continues longer, this stage is usually succeeded by the
second stage, of cyanosis.
59 Finlayson, Medical Chronicle, 1885, No. 4.
(2) The stage of cyanosis results from one of two conditions: either
the arterial spasm is so complete that no blood passes into the part,
in which case venous blood from lack of vis a tergo or in response to
gravitation regurgitates into the capillaries, distending them and
producing a state of blueness; or a venous spasm occurs, preventing
the exit of blood from the part, which then becomes actively
congested, and the blood in the capillaries, from want of renewal,
soon becomes venous and produces the cyanotic appearance. The
stage of ischæmia may be so short that it is hardly noticed, so that
the patient's attention is first attracted by the swollen, blue, and
extremely painful condition. The skin may be stretched, the tissue
infiltrated with products of exudation, which can be pressed out, as
can also the venous blood, and the surface may itch as well as be
painful. Anæsthesia is rarely present in this stage, and there may
even be hyperæsthesia. The part is cool from the increased radiation
of heat and cessation of the processes of metabolism, the local
temperature being lowered. The small vessels on the surface will be
visibly injected, and capillary ecchymoses may rarely be seen. There
is less liability to difficulty in movement in this stage than in the
former one, as the sensations of the part are not benumbed, but if
present it is due to the swelling. This condition, like that in the former
stage, may cease suddenly, the recovery of the normal appearance
being, as a rule, slower than after a simple ischæmia. The duration
of this stage has varied from a few seconds to several days. It is
usually followed by gangrene.
Among the rare symptoms which have occurred in some cases are
great impairment of temperature, pain, and electric sensations in the
affected extremities; swelling, pain, redness about, and effusion into,
the joints; considerable loss of motion in the muscles of the hands
and feet, with diminution of electric excitability, but no qualitative
change; and oculo-pupillary changes ascribed to an irritation of the
cervical sympathetic fibres at their origin in the spinal cord.