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Use any feedback you get to better your project further. In other words, there are different ways you
can weave these three ingredients into your literature review. Chapter 9 Methods for Literature
Reviews Among other methods, literature reviews are essential for: (a) identifying what has been
written on a subject or topic; (b) determining the extent to which a specific research area reveals any
interpretable trends or patterns; (c) aggregating empirical findings related to a narrow research
question to support evidence-based practice; (d) generat. These might be the names of key
researchers, conceptual frameworks, theories, or techniques related to your topic. Make sure that you
only get articles and books in those areas, even if you come across fascinating books in other areas.
Literature Review Introduction When writing the introduction, you will be presenting the topic of
your review to your audience. This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to
teach your students about writing a literature review. So, when thinking about structuring your
literature review, you need to think about which structural approach will provide the best “review”
for your specific type of research and objectives (we’ll get to this shortly). The “experiential” part of
the rubric does not mean that you must bring in your experience and voice throughout the work, but
rather provide context to the topic, mainly in the introduction. After reading the introduction your
reader should: Understand what it is you want to do; Have a sense of your passion for the topic; Be
excited about the study?s possible outcomes. A word of advice is to save the writing of your abstract
until the very end of your research proposal preparation. When you are assigned a literature review,
you should always read the entire work before writing your review. Sheppard and Williams (2016)
had not discovered these individual factors in their original literature review on community and
environmental resilience. Communications of the Association of Information Systems, 37 (43), 879-
910. A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses)
related to a specific topic or research question. Integrative Review Considered a form of research that
reviews, critiques, and synthesizes representative literature on a topic in an integrated way such that
new frameworks and perspectives on the topic are generated. This is an effective way of learning
ways of framing and structuring your work. Sort through other current bibliographies or literature
reviews in the field to get a sense of what your discipline expects. This material may not be
published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Next, validity
characterizes the degree to which the review process was conducted appropriately. Include each of
the key concepts or variables you’re interested in, and list any synonyms and related terms. You can
add to this list if you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search. Writing a
literature review can also be beneficial in terms of gaining a better understanding of the field you are
studying. All of this information must be carefully crafted in 150 to 250 words. Sometimes, a
literature review would be a separate assignment. In this case you'll need to decide which category is
the most appropriate for each source. I am a visual learner and would like to see how it is typically
formatted. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. You can then
give your scientific literature review to a colleague or friend, who is not an expert in the field, and
ask their opinion about the message of your overall paper. And you will show it off to the readers so
that they have more confidence in your reliability. However, if it’s a dissertation, the literature
review might need to take up as much as twenty-five percent of your whole piece.
The goal is to deliberately document, critically evaluate, and summarize scientifically all of the
research about a clearly defined research problem. This will give you a better understanding of the
author's argument and what to focus on in your own review. 2. Literature review as a research
methodology: An. Some short quotes here and there are okay, though, if you want to emphasize a
point, or if what the author said just cannot be rewritten in your own words. And you will show it
off to the readers so that they have more confidence in your reliability. Because of differences in
how we extract data from sources and what information is relevant, the analysis within and structure
of our literature reviews will vary. This involves recognizing gaps, points of agreement or
disagreement, and key subjects. My Accomplishments. Graduating from College Deciding to go to
Graduate School. New York: Longman. Jones, Robert, Patrick Bizzaro, and Cynthia Selfe. 1997.
The Harcourt Brace Guide to Writing in the Disciplines. A research paper assigned in a course A
thesis or dissertation A grant proposal An article intended for publication in a journal All these
instances require you to collect what has been written about your research topic so that you can
demonstrate how your own research sheds new light on the topic. Historical literature reviews focus
on examining research throughout a period of time, often starting with the first time an issue,
concept, theory, phenomena emerged in the literature, then tracing its evolution within the
scholarship of a discipline. You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key
concepts. An example of a template to assess sources for a literature review is provided below. A
comprehensive search would combine a keyword search and a subject search. Use a citation
manager, such as EndNote as the repository for your citations. You start with what was published
first and work your way through the literature until you reach the work published most recently.
What are the aims and objectives of literature review? The introduction should clearly establish the
focus and purpose of the literature review. To provide o pportunities for young artists to get o n-the-
job training and jobs. A literature review is a document or section of a document that collects key
sources on a topic and discusses those sources in conversation with each other (also called synthesis
). In your notes, be sure to record each author’s thesis, methodology, strengths, limitations, and
significant findings in addition to relevant information you can use in an essay. Constructing a
Literature Review The process of developing a literature review is not sequential. For example,
certain countries, cities, cultures, etc. All of this information must be carefully crafted in 150 to 250
words. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. Sort through
other current bibliographies or literature reviews in the field to get a sense of what your discipline
expects. Were the results effectively interpreted and reported. Good research literature reviews are
systematic and consistent. Typically you’ll cover a few things within the theoretical framework:
Firstly, you’ll need to clearly define the key constructs and variables that will feature within your
study. Literature reviews are written occasionally in the humanities, but mostly in the sciences and
social sciences; in experiment and lab reports, they constitute a section of the paper. This will help
you remember which author made which arguments, your impressions of the article, and any
relationships you identified between different sources.
Often this form is used to help establish a lack of appropriate theories or reveal that current theories
are inadequate for explaining new or emerging research problems. The unit of analysis can focus on a
theoretical concept or a whole theory or framework. Literature Review Basics Literature review
basics A literature review synthesizes and analyzes previous research in a field to inform an audience
and establish background knowledge. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast,
rewritten, or redistributed without permission. The literature review of a research paper is a type of
academic essay that analyzes and evaluates previous or existing studies on a topic. If you’d like to
get hands-on help developing your literature review, be sure to check out our private coaching
service, where we hold your hand through the entire research journey, step by step. Essentially, this
section should only be one or two paragraphs in length. First, exhaustive coverage means an effort is
made to be as comprehensive as possible in order to ensure that all relevant studies, published and
unpublished, are included in the review and, thus, conclusions are based on this all-inclusive
knowledge base. Use Caution When Paraphrasing When paraphrasing a source that is not your own,
be sure to represent the author's information or opinions accurately and in your own words. Debates,
conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree. Mar 2017 Click here to see a table that lists
the various kinds of literature reviews that you may encounter in your research (From Grant, M J
and Booth. Roughly how many sources would be appropriate to include? 2. A literature review is a
survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or
research question. A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind
of literature review you’d like to write. Create an organizational method to focus this section even
further. Ling Pan, M. (2008). Preparing Literature Reviews: Qualitative and Quantitative
Approaches. Consider whether your sources are current Some disciplines require that you use
information that is as current as possible. If you’d like to learn more, take advantage of the limited-
time offer (60% off the standard price). A literature review discusses published information in a
particular subject area. This is the most common form of review in the social sciences. For example,
if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might
include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access. This
is particularly beneficial to academics who are investigating a new area of study or seeking guidance
on topics that have not yet been thoroughly explored. To this end, they provide a number of
recommendations to strengthen knowledge development towards improving the design and
execution of future reviews on home telemonitoring. 9.4. Summary Table 9.1 outlines the main types
of literature reviews that were described in the previous sub-sections and summarizes the main
characteristics that distinguish one review type from another. The intention could also be to identify
gaps in the current knowledge base to suggest new questions, develop a theoretical framework in
research, or determine a suitable methodology for future exploration. Check the abstracts to make
sure they are relevant to your topic. While completing this type of assignment, your key aim is to
critically analyze a research article. It’s nothing more than an academic writing project that
summarizes the information on a specific topic taken from primary and secondary sources. If you are
asked to provide an abstract, you should include 5-7 key words that are of most relevance to your
study. It should have background info, explain subtle aspects of the book, etc. Finally, you would
sum up all the key findings in conclusion. For example: Look at what results have emerged in
qualitative versus quantitative research Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical
versus theoretical scholarship Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources
Theoretical A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework.
In other words, you’re first explaining what the problem is (some sort of gap) and then proposing
how you’ll solve it. An evaluation of the current state of research on the topic, including a discussion
of any gaps in existing knowledge. Consider the following explanations on how to write a literature
review for a dissertation, thesis, or research paper. It is due in labs next week, but I strongly suggest
that you do the assignment as soon as you can while the info is still fresh in your mind. That said,
this approach can be utilised by anyone that wants to explore change over time. Cite this Scribbr
article If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this
Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator. For example,
groups of scholars disagree about the best way to measure a physiological event, and as a result, use
different instruments and methodologies. Reply Delete Replies Reply Sam Young 3 December 2017
at 20:34 Thanks SK Jennifer: glad you enjoyed it. It's also helpful to use subheadings within each
category to further organize your sources. March 3rd 1991, George Holliday videotaped the beating
of Rodney King by 4 LAPD OfficersThis event was seen nationwide through local and cable news
programs. LAPD's. Does it confirm, add to, or challenge established knowledge. It should also be
structured and cohesive. ? How to write a lit review for a dissertation. In other words, literature
reviews are about deducing specific sources and comparing relevant studies to find similarities and
differences. Take notes and cite your sources As you read, you should also begin the writing process.
These connections will be useful when structuring your work and selecting the papers to include in
your project. 6. Write a Literature Review At this point, you can start a literature review because you
have already synthesized relevant works in your mind and recorded the details. Are you an instructor
who has received an exemplary literature review and have permission from the student to post. It is
often written as part of a thesis, dissertation, or research paper, in order to situate your work in
relation to existing knowledge. This will give you a better understanding of the author’s argument
and what to focus on in your own review. 2. Not critically evaluating the sources. Thematic: If you
have found some recurring central themes that you will continue working with throughout your
piece, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the
topic. Right? Wrong! The “literature” of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a
topic, not necessarily the great literary texts of the world. “Literature” could be anything from a set
of government pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to scholarly articles on the treatment
of a torn ACL. It should have background info, explain subtle aspects of the book, etc. This will help
to ensure that your review is well-rounded and comprehensive. The purpose is to develop a body of
literature that establishes a contrarian viewpoint. A good literary review on masters or doctoral level
should contain an in-depth analysis of the text. Delete Replies Reply Reply Unknown 3 December
2017 at 05:18 Wow,great post. Books, journals, theses, government reports, Internet resources? An
Introduction to Research Methods in Sociology by Valerie A. First-person references should be
avoided because they signal unsupported arguments. Evaluating scholarly works is a crucial aspect
of academic work because it establishes the foundation for an inquiry and uncovers new information
or gaps in studies. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of
these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed
chronologically).
Once you’ve decided on the organizational method for the body of the review, the sections you need
to include in the paper should be easy to figure out. In this article by Custom-Writing experts, you’ll
find a literature review structure with tips and topics. It gives you an understanding of how your
writing fits in the world of the existing knowledge on this topic. Finally, describe the organization,
scope, and aim or highlight the key points that will be discussed. When you begin to write your
literature review section, you'll be glad you dug deeper into how the research was designed and
constructed because it establishes a means for developing more substantial analysis and interpretation
of the research problem. While this can be time consuming, it is the proper way to undertake a
literature review. This approach helps to establish the context, identify gaps, and provide a
foundation for your own research. Q What is a scholarly literature review ? How can I? Embedded
literature reviews, meanwhile, are part of a larger piece of writing, such as an essay, thesis, or
scholarly article. Consider how each source approaches your topic in addition to their collective
points of intersection and separation. CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health
Literature) The most efficient way to find articles on a topic is to search a database, which allows
you to search for articles from hundreds of journals. The literature review of a research paper is a
type of academic essay that analyzes and evaluates previous or existing studies on a topic. How will
you further your research as a result of the review? IV. These might be the names of key researchers,
conceptual frameworks, theories, or techniques related to your topic. Keep in mind that UNC
Libraries have research guides and to databases relevant to many fields of study. Literature Review:
Managing Information Overflow: MindMapping, Citation Mappi. Ensure that it is good not only in
terms of the content but also in terms of the formatting. A literature review in this sense is just like
any other academic research paper. Body: Contains your discussion of sources and is organized
either chronologically, thematically, or methodologically (see below for more information on each).
Keep your own voice While the literature review presents others’ ideas, your voice (the writer’s)
should remain front and center. Inclusion and exclusion criteria must be established to help
researchers eliminate studies that are not aligned with the research questions. Some short quotes here
and there are okay, though, if you want to emphasize a point, or if what the author said just cannot
be rewritten in your own words. During the interviews, the researchers heard many participants
discuss individual resilience factors and how they believed these individual factors helped make the
community more resilient, overall. In your conclusion, you should summarize your review’s findings,
describe the common points between the sources, and justify your research proposal if you are
making one. For example, if you are writing for academics or researchers who are familiar with the
existing body of work on your topic, you may only need to provide a traditional literature review
that sums up what has been previously published. In this case, devote most of your space to
explaining the connections between sources, but you must also include a thesis and a conclusion,
even though they will be brief. Outline and write all the parts of the literature review. Offers personal
reactions and opinions to manuscripts: after comparing, contrasting, and critiquing others’ works,
you should present your own interpretation and analysis. It should give a theoretical base for the
research and help you (the author) determine the nature of your research. Management Information
Systems Quarterly. 2002; 26 (2):11. Whitlock E. P., Lin J. S., Chou R., Shekelle P., Robinson K.A.
Using existing systematic reviews in complex systematic reviews.
It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography, where you compile full reference information
and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. Commonly, the purpose of a
literature review is to help you: Understand and convey the current state of literature on your
research topic. Systematic reviews that involve the rigorous application of scientific strategies aimed
at limiting subjectivity and bias (i.e., systematic and random errors) can respond to this challenge.
December 2007. DOI’s EA Program is a Service Provider to our Business and IT communities and
therefore must be responsive to our customers’ needs. There are countless examples available online
and in books. ? What makes a good literature review. Find Models Use the exercise of reviewing the
literature to examine how authors in your discipline or area of interest have composed their literature
review sections. Types of Literature Reviews What kinds of literature reviews are written. The only
difference here between a “chronological” and a “thematic” approach is what is emphasized the
most: the development of the harpoon or the harpoon technology.But more authentic thematic
reviews tend to break away from chronological order. Whether the search is comprehensive or not,
whether it involves a methodical approach for data extraction and synthesis or not, it is important
that the review documents in an explicit and transparent manner the steps and approach that were
used in the process of its development. Second are the reviews of those studies that summarize and
offer new interpretations built from and often extending beyond the primary studies. This approach
helps highlight ethical issues which you should be aware of and consider as you go through your
own study. With these simplified requirements, you are ready to start practicing and creating your
own literature reviews. Receive a plagiarism-free paper tailored to your instructions. This can be
especially useful if you are new to a field, or if you are interested in keeping up with current thinking
on a particular topic. It’s like a report card for your research: it assesses the quality and originality of
your work and determines whether you’re on the right track. At this point, you understand how to do
a lit review. Be aware that you may see differences or contradictions between readings. History: The
chronological progression of the field, the literature, or an idea that is necessary to understand the
literature review, if the body of the literature review is not already a chronology. Are there any
limitations or weaknesses to the study that should be considered. Fifth, situate your own research
within the current literature in your field. Hypothesis or Research Question(s) Clearly stated.
Essentially, you should provide the reader with a high-level roadmap of your chapter to give them a
taste of the journey that lies ahead. The Professional Development Collection is also useful for
educators to find appropriate literature. Step One: Decide on your areas of research: Before you
begin to search for articles or books, decide beforehand what areas you are going to research.
Findings revealed that there were over 77,000 medical informatics articles published during the
covered period in numerous journals and that the average annual growth rate was 12%. In other
words, this is where you’re going to earn (or lose) the most marks. An identification of future
directions for research on the topic. In a research proposal, this can take two forms: a reference list
or a bibliography. If you are uncertain about the appropriate length, refer to the table below for
guidance. Qualitative versus quantitative research Empirical versus theoretical scholarship Divide the
research by sociological, historical, or cultural sources Theoretical: In many humanities articles, the
literature review is the foundation for the theoretical framework.