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Merli, R., Preziosi, M., Acampora, A., & Ali, F. (2019). Why should Hotels go Green?
Insights from Guests’ Experience in Green Hotels. International Journal of Hospitality
Management, 81(April), 169-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.04.022
B. S. Ernesto,What kind of environmental changes should tourism managers be
monitoring most in their future planning?” 10.13140/RG.2.2.13307.54562, 2020.
As a result of harmful environmental conditions like climate change, numerous
stakeholders in corporate organizations have put pressure on them to embrace green practices in
recent years. Climate change causes not only an increase in global surface temperatures, but also
habitat loss, sea level rise, and extreme weather events (National Geographic, 2020). Merli et al.
(2019) discovered that the hotel and accommodation sector accounted for roughly 20% of
tourism-related emissions. The evidence discovered then suggests that biodiversity has been lost
mostly in sun and beach areas due to global issues such as pollution and improper waste
management by hotels and tourism corporations. (Ernesto, 2020).
H. S Abdulaali, I. M. Usman, N. U. Nizam., & M. S. Al Ruwashedi.,A review on
sustainable and green development in the tourism and hotel industry in Malaysia”, Journal of
Advance Research in Dynamic and Contro System, vol. 11(10) special edition, pp. 854-867,
2019.
The sector can impact the environment by excessive use of natural resources,
development of tourism infrastructure, and high visitor arrivals. Likewise, the environment is
critical to improve the situation or atmosphere. According to (Abdulaali et al., 2019) hotel need
to be properly managed as it is vital to minimize environmental damage. Hotels may help the
environment by using eco-friendly methods.
Kularatne, T.; Wilson, C.; Månsson, J.; Hoang, V.; Lee, B. Do environmentally sustainable
practices make hotels more efficient? A study of major hotels in Sri Lanka. Tour.
Manag. 2019, 71, 213–225.

According to Kularatne, T., Wilson, C., Månsson, J., Hoang, V., & Lee, B. (2019), the
belief and tendency among green consumers including tourists is that the companies and other
related firms should have a sustainable approach and maintain a high level of environmentally
friendly activities. This tendency toward sustainable and green practices have led travelers to
prefer hotels whose sustainable practices are visible and genuine. “Studies conducted by the
International Hotels Environment Initiative (IHEI) reveal that 90% of the hotel guests prefer to
stay in a hotel that cares for the environment”.

E. S. Leyva & D Parra Parra,”Environmental approach in the hotel industry: Riding the
wave of change’,Sustainable Futures,vol.3,pp. 1-14, 2021.
 R. A. Santos, M.P. Méxas, M.J. Meiriño, M.C Sampaio, H.G.Costa,Criteria for assessing
a sustainable hotel business”,Journal of Cleaner Production,vol. 262, 100050,ISSN 2666-
1888,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2021.100050, 2020.
T. M. Arun, P.Kaur, S. Brescriani, A.Dhir,What drives the adoption and consumption of
green hotelproducts and services? A systematic literature review of pastachievement and future
promises” Business Strategies and Environment, vol. 30, pp. 2367-2655, 2021.
A green hotel is a lodging establishment that saves water, electricity, and reduces solid
waste (Leyva et al., 2021); (Santos et al., 2020). Green hospitality first appeared in the 1990s.
Many studies have been conducted since then, and some benefits from deployment have been
observed. This benefit then has an impact on government, industry, and knowledge value.
Furthermore, (Arun et al., 2021) mentioned that implementing green initiatives can save cost, it
can also become a significant capital outlay in terms of new technology and labor.
A. H. Abdou, T.H.Hassan, & M.M.E.Dief,A description of green hotel practices and their
role in achieving sustainable development,” Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1– 21.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229624, 2020.
A. Ionnidis, K.J. Chalvatzis, L.C. Leonidou Z. Feng, Applying the reduce, reuse, and
recycle principle in the hospitality sector: Its antecedents and performance implications”,
Business Strategies and Environment, vol. 30, (7), pp. 3394-3410, 2021.
W. Salama, E. Abdelsalam.,Impact of Hotel Guests’ Trends to Recycle Food Waste to
Obtain Bioenergy”, Sustainability, vol. 13 (6) , pp. 2-15, 2021.
Green hotel practices are one type of environmentally friendly initiative that aims to
reduce negative environmental impact by conserving energy through measures like installing
energy efficient appliances and adopting renewable energy program. Meanwhile, in the area of
lowering water usage for instance, by installing water-efficient devices and equipment and
creating a linen and towel reuse program, and finally in the field of waste management and
reduction for example, by adopting recycling program. (Abdou et al., 2020);(Ionnidis et al.,
2021);(Salama & Abdelsalam, 2021)
E. S. Leyva & D Parra Parra,”Environmental approach in the hotel industry: Riding the wave of
change’,Sustainable Futures,vol.3,pp. 1-14, 2021.
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hotel guests: does gender matter? ,” Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , pp.1–
22,2021.
According to (Leyva et al., 2021) the hotel industry has begun to "green up" operations in
recent years but has not proceeded beyond placing little cards in rooms asking customers to reuse
towels and linens. Some hotels and hotel chains are more concerned with sustainability than
others, but the industry as a whole has definitely become greener in recent years. Those little
cards may appear to be token environmentalists, but they can result in significant water, waste,
and cost savings. As a result, when educating customers about environmental sustainability, it is
critical to develop effective communication strategies to encourage hotel guests to engage in eco-
friendly behavior, and an important concern for hotels is to increase the credibility of messages
centered on "green" practices.(Moise et al., n.d.). Sustainability is a hot topic in many businesses
right now, including the hospitality industry, where it is a critical problem for growth. (Abdou et
al., 2020).

Kenton, W. (n.d.). What is the Pearson coefficient? definition, benefits, and history.
Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/pearsoncoefficient.asp

The Pearson coefficient is a type of correlation coefficient that represents the relationship
between two variables that are measured on the same interval or ratio scale. The Pearson
coefficient is a measure of the strength of the association between two continuous variables.

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Transition: Natural-Based Solutions, Advanced Technologies and Best Practices for Environmental
Sustainability; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2022; pp. 249–252.

Deyà-Tortella, B., Garcia, C., Nilsson, W., & Tirado, D. (2019). Hotel water demand: the impact of
changing from linear to increasing block rates. Water, 11(8), 1604.

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tourism lodging sector. The case of kazakhstan. Tour. Hosp. Manag. 2021, 27, 89–98.

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mass tourism resorts: Contrasting evidence for Benidorm, Spain. Curr. Issues Tour. 2020, 23, 770–783.

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resources in the hotel industry: a systematic literature
review. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality
Management, 33(2), 628-649.

Chicago
 Water is a crucial topic on the sustainability agenda, with access to safe drinking water and
sanitation recognized as human rights by the United Nations (2021).
In the tourism industry, water is one of the most strategic natural resources, and, within it, hotels
are considered one of the main consumers of water [4,5,6,7]. However, the inefficient management of this
resource can cause serious environmental problems, particularly in areas where water scarcity coexists
with high demand [8,9,10]. Seeking ways to save water is essential, especially in geographical areas
where water availability is limited, and tourism activities put pressure on water resources [11].
The importance of understanding the variables of water consumption in hotels is reflected in the study of
Antonova, N., Ruiz-Rosa, I., & Mendoza-Jimenez, J. (2021), who structure research on water resources
in the hotel sector into four groups: water consumption, water management, impacts of water use, and
good practices.

Merli, R., Preziosi, M., Acampora, A., & Ali, F. (2019). Why should hotels go green? Insights from
guests experience in green hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 81, 169-179.

IHG green Engage™ system (2022)

https://www.ihg.com/content/us/en/about/green-engage

SHA. (2022). Retreived from. The collective power of hospitality.

AHLA, 2022. The year of the new traveler (2022).
https://www.ahla.com/sites/default/files/AHLA%20SOTI%20Report
%202022%201.24.22.pdf

According to the World Travel and Tourism Council (2021) estimates, the tourism sector
accounts for 8–11% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which have increased from 5% in 2005,
as reported in the 2008 United Nations World Tourism Organization study. The report further states that
in travel and tourism, transportation accounts for 75% of GHG, followed by the accommodation sector,
which comprises 21% of GHG. This has put pressure on the hotel industry to adopt eco-friendly
initiatives and transform accordingly to reduce GHG (Merli et al., 2019; Yi et al., 2018). There is also a
widespread belief that green practices have strategic value and enhance competitive advantage and are
not just the “right thing to do” but also the “smart thing to do” (Manaktola & Jauhari, 2007; Merli et al.,
2019). To this end, the concept of “net zero” has been adopted by the World Travel and Tourism
Council, which refers to a philosophy in which entities exhibit a balance between the amount of GHG
produced and the amount removed from the atmosphere. Net zero has subsequently been adopted as a
strategic goal by several hotel companies such as Marriott International, Hilton, and IHG (National
Geographic, 2022), with the Sustainable Hospitality Alliance (SHA) even providing a roadmap for hotels
to achieve the same (SHA, 2022). The SHA methodology for achieving net zero emissions is comprised of
a combination of green practices, which include water and energy sharing, waste management, and
others (SHA, 2022). A recent American Hotel and Lodging Association report also projected that the
industry would focus on three main green practices: carbon emission reduction, recycling, and food
waste reduction (AHLA, 2022).
World Bank, World Development Indicators (WDI), Data series by The World Bank
Group, The World Bank: Washington, DC, USA, 2022. Retrieved
from https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators/(Accessed 18
August 2022).
The Philippines is a developing nation that is extremely sensitive to climate change and is the 4th
most affected country due to climate change from 2000 to 2019. However, the Philippines is the
4th-largest economy in Southeast Asia, 10th in Asia, and 34th in the world World Bank, World
Development Indicators 2022). The Philippines, with its soaring economy and population, is
contingent heavily on fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuel energy is intensifying because of brisk
economic growth and larger energy requirement, resulting in a substantial rise in CO2 emissions
in the nation. The Philippines ranked 5th and 35th in CO2 emissions among Southeast Asian
countries and globally World Bank, World Development Indicators 2022). Consequently, the
country is very concerned regarding soaring emission intensity, mostly in the energy sphere.
Under the Paris Agreement, the Philippines aims to reduce GHG emissions by 75% by 2030.

Azeem A, Naseem MA, Hassan NU, Butt I, Aslam MT, Ali S, Jadoon A, khan. (2022) A novel
lens of stock market capitalization and environmental degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 1:1–
12. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11356-022-22885-1/TABLES/6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-022-24458-8

Companies rely heavily on capitalization in the stock market because it allows

them to borrow money at low interest rates and invest in environmentally friendly
technology. It creates openings for businesses to adopt more sustainable practices and
renewable energy sources. Increased economic activity using older, less energy-
efficient technologies is the primary cause of an initial rise in emissions when stock
market value rises. However, when trust among investors grows, businesses may
access cheaper funding, which has a beneficial effect on the environment through the
widespread use of green technologies. There will be less spending and fewer
emissions as a result of the confidence of investors and the availability of cheap
financing. Given that a company’s limited resources prevent it from investing in
environmentally friendly technologies, the stock market’s buying power has the
potential to make a major impact in addressing the problem of carbon emissions by
employing environmentally friendly means (Azeem et al. 2022).
Dauda L, Long X, Mensah CN, Salman M, Boamah KB, Ampon-Wireko S, Kofi Dogbe CS
(2021) Innovation, trade openness and CO2 emissions in selected countries in Africa. J Clean Prod
281:125143. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2020.125143
 The Philippines is a developing nation that is extremely sensitive to climate change and is
the 4th most affected country due to climate change from 2000 to 2019. However, the
Philippines is the 4th-largest economy in Southeast Asia, 10th in Asia, and 34th in the world.
The Philippines, with its soaring economy and population, is contingent heavily on fossil fuels.
The use of fossil fuel energy is intensifying because of brisk economic growth and larger energy
requirement, resulting in a substantial rise in CO2 emissions in the nation. The Philippines
ranked 5th and 35th in CO2 emissions among Southeast Asian countries and globally.
Consequently, the country is very concerned regarding soaring emission intensity, mostly in the
energy sphere. Under the Paris Agreement, the Philippines aims to reduce GHG emissions by
75% by 2030. Consequently, it’s a big issue if the Philippines’ economic advancement is
connected to ecological sustainability.