Establish the prayer

By: Abdul-Fattah Ismail Al-Kibsi

‫ اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ اﻟﯾﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬- ‫ ﺻﻧﻌﺎء‬- ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻹﻣﺎم زﯾد ﺑن ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬

01205777 (967+) :‫اﻟﮭﺎﺗف‬
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017205771 (967+) :‫ﺗﯾﻠﯾﻔﺎﻛس‬
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22022 :‫ﺻﻧدووق ﺑرﯾد‬
‫اﻟﺑرﯾد اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ‬: aalneamy@gmail.com

Imam Zaid bin Ali Cultural Foundation - Sana'a - Republic of Yemen

Phone: (+967) 01205777
Fax: (+967) 017205771
Telex: (+967) 017205771
Mobile: (+967) 771750254
P.O. Box: 22022
Email: aalneamy@gmail.com

Translated by: Abdullah Abudunya

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 Introduction:

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most

Merciful.

All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds, and
peace and blessings be upon our master Muhammad, the
trustworthy, and upon his pure family.

After that,

Since prayer is one of the pillars of Islam, the noble Shariah

has made it obligatory to learn it and has called for its
performance in the best manner. Our greatest Messenger,
peace be upon him and his family, taught his Ummah
(community) how to pray to the extent that if someone
prayed in his presence but did not perform it properly, he
would teach them how to pray.

The need to learn prayer practically is a very essential

requirement, especially for the new generation. Therefore,
we have prepared this illustrated book that includes the
establishment of prayer and learning it in the best and
easiest way, so that the acquisition of knowledge from it is
greater and more beneficial for the learner. We ask Allah,
the Most Glorious, for acceptance and to make its benefit
widespread for the Ummah of Muhammad, the Seal of the
Prophets, peace be upon him and his family.

page 5
 "Prayer" (As-Salah)

It is one of the pillars of Islam, and it is the means through which the

servant connects with their Lord, the Almighty Creator.

It is the backbone of the religion, and whoever neglects it, neglects the
religion.

Allah (SWT) says in the Quran, "And establish prayer. Indeed, prayer
prohibits immorality and wrongdoing" (Surah Al-Ankabut, 29:45).

And Allah (SWT) said, "And command your family to establish prayer
and be steadfast in it" (Surah Ta-Ha, 20:132).

And Allah (SWT) said, "And establish prayer at the two ends of the day
and at the approach of the night. Indeed, good deeds do away with
misdeeds" (Surah Hud, 11:114).

And the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Do you not see if there was a
river at the door of one of you in which he bathes five times a day, would
there remain any dirt on him?" They said, "No." He said, "That is the
example of the five daily prayers by which Allah erases sins"

Therefore, it is incumbent upon us to preserve the prayer, to establish it

in the best manner, to learn it ourselves, and to teach it to others.

page 6
 "Al-Taharah" refers to purification.

Allah (SWT) emphasizes the importance of purification in His book,

saying, "And your clothing purify" (Surah Al-Muddathir, 74:4),
meaning to remove impurities from them. Allah (SWT) loves those of
His servants who are in a state of purity. He says, "Indeed, Allah loves
those who are constantly repentant and loves those who purify
themselves" (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:222).

Therefore, it is necessary for a Muslim to be in a state of purity, both in

terms of clean clothing and a clean body. Purification is a condition for
prayer, which includes the purification of the body from major
impurities (Hadath Akbar) and minor impurities (Hadath As'ghar), as
well as the purification of clothing and the place of prayer.

Therefore, prayer is not valid in impure clothing or in an impure place,

nor if the body is contaminated with ritual or sensory impurities. Ritual
impurities are purified through washing, such as performing ablution
(wudu) if it is a minor impurity, or taking a ritual bath (ghusl) if it is a
major impurity. Sensory impurities are purified by washing with water
until the impurity is removed.

Ablution (wudu) is the first thing a person does when preparing to

perform prayer.

page 7
 "Wudu" Ablution

The obligatory acts of wudu are as follows:

1. Washing the private parts after removing any
impurities.
2. Saying the prescribed form of remembrance
(Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem).
3. Intention (Niyyah) to perform wudu.
4. Rinsing the mouth and sniffing water into the nostrils.
5. Washing the face.
6. Washing the hands up to the elbows.
7. Wiping the entire head and ears.
8. Washing the feet up to the ankles.
9. Running wet fingers through the fingers and toes.
10. Observing the proper sequence of these actions.

The confirmed Sunnah acts (*Masnoon) of wudu

are as follows:

1. Using a toothstick (Miswak)/ or brushing teeth.

2. Washing the hands up to the wrists.

*Masnoon: the act that practiced by Prophet Mohammed

or emphasis to do by Sharia.

page 8
 "Wudu" Ablution (continue.. )

The confirmed Sunnah acts (Masnoon) of wudu

are as follows:
3. Combining Rinsing the mouth and sniffing water in
one act.
4. Thrice repeating the actions.
5. Wiping the neck.

The recommended (mandoob*) acts of wudu are:

1. Supplication (Dua) after completing wudu.

2. Renewing wudu after performing permissible acts.

The nullifiers of wudu are:

1. Anything that exits from the two private parts, such

as urine, feces, or gas.
2. Flowing blood.
3. Loss of consciousness, such as sleep or fainting.
4. Vomiting a substantial amount.
5. Committing a major sin, such as intentional lying,
fortune-telling, backbiting a Muslim, or causing harm.

And here is a practical explanation of wudu:

Mandoob* recommended, they are acts of worship that are

enjoined and encouraged in Islam, without being obligatory.
page 9
 ,,,. � ..
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How to perform ablution (wudu):
When you start performing ablution (wudu), take
the miswak (tooth-stick) and brush your teeth
horizontally while saying ["A'udhu billahi as-sami'il
'alim min ash-shaytan ar-rajim. Bismillah ar-Rahman
ar-Rahim."] "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing,
the All-Knowing, from Satan, the accursed. In the
name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful."

When you sit for istinja (cleansing after using the toilet) before
uncovering your private parts, say[Allahumma inni as'aluka al-yumn
wal-barakah wa a'udhu bika min as-su'i wa ahlakati."] "O Allah, I
seek from You blessings and good health, and I seek refuge in You
from evil and destruction."
.

Then wash your private parts after removing impurities, and after
covering your private parts, say [Allahumma hassen farji wa astur
'awrati wa la tushmit fiya al-a'da'a wa la taj'alni ma'al qawmi ath-
thalimeen."] "O Allah, protect my private parts, cover my nakedness,
do not let my enemies rejoice over me, and do not make me among
the unjust people."
.

Then, after that, wash your hands up to the wrists three times,
ensuring that water reaches between the fingers.

page 10
Then, take a handful of water
with one hand for rinsing your
mouth and sniffing, do this
three times.

Then, rinse your mouth, sniff the water into your

nostrils, and blow it out three times, saying:
"Allahumma laqqini hujjati wa adh-qini 'afwaka
wa la tahrimni ra'ihat al-jannah."
Translation: "O Allah, grant me the ability to
present my arguments effectively, let me taste
Your forgiveness, and do not deprive me of the
fragrance of Paradise."

page 11
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"Then wash your face, starting from
the hairline to the bottom of the
chin, including the whiteness of the
ears, three times, saying:
[Allahumma bayi h wajhī yawma
tuswadu alwujuh, wa lā tusawwid
wajhī yawma tabya u alwujuh."] 'O
Allah, make my face white on the
Day when faces turn black, and do
not make my face black on the Day
when faces turn white.'"

"Then wash your right hand first, up

to the elbow, three times, saying:
["Allahumma a'tinī kitābī bīyamīnī
wal-khuld bi-shimālī."] 'O Allah,
give me my book in my right hand
and the eternal abode in my left.'"

"Then wash your left hand second,

up to the elbow, three times, saying:
["Allahumma lā tu'tinī kitābī bi-
shimālī, wa lā taj'alhā maghloolatan
ilā 'unqī."] 'O Allah, do not give me
my book in my left hand, nor make it
tied to my neck.'"

page 12
 0
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Then wipe your entire head,
following the described
manner, moving from the
front to the back, while
saying: ["Allahumma
'ghashini bi rahmatika fa inni
akhsha 'adhabaka."] 'O Allah,
let me live with Your mercy,
for I fear Your punishment.

"Then wipe inside the ears, as

well as the outer part, saying:
["Allahumma la taqrin
nasīyatī ilā qadami, waj'alnī
minal-ladhīna yastami'ūna al-
qawl, fayattabi'ūnah
ahsanahu."] 'O Allah, do not
make me deaf or dumb. And
make me among those who
listen to the word and follow
the best of it.'"

page 13
"Then wipe your neck, saying:
["Allahumma qini al-aghlala fi
yawmi al-hisab."] 'O Allah,
protect me from the chains on the
Day of Reckoning.'"

All of these actions, wiping the

head, ears, and neck, are
considered one act.

"Then wash your right foot first, including the ankles,

and rub between the toes of your right foot.

page 14
 "Then wash the left foot second,
including the ankles."

And rub between the toes of

your left foot while saying:
["Allahumma thabbit qadami
'ala siratika al-mustaqeem."]

"O Allah, keep my feet firm on

Your straight path."

After completing the ablution, take a

handful of water and sprinkle it on
your forehead while saying:
["Subhanaka Allahumma wa
bihamdika, ashhadu alla ilaha illa
anta astaghfiruka wa atubu ilayka.
Allahumma ij'alni mina al-
tawwabina wa ij'alni mina al-
mutatahhirin wa ghfirli innaka 'ala
kulli shay'in qadeer."]
"Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise be to You. I bear witness that
there is no god but You. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You.
O Allah, make me among those who constantly repent, and make me
among the purified. Forgive me, for You have power over all things."
page 15
 Tayammum*

Causes of Tayammum:
1- Absence of water.
2- Inability to use water, whether due to illness, harm, or
the need for drinking, etc.

Obligatory acts of Tayammum:

1- Intention.
2- Uttering the name of Allah.
3- Striking the hands on clean soil.
4- Wiping the face.
5- Striking the hands on the soil again.
6- Wiping the hands.

Nullifiers of Tayammum:
1- Presence of water.
2- Cessation of the excuse.
3- Nullifiers of ablution.

And here is a practical explanation of Tayammum:

__________________________________________________
*Tayammum." Tayammum is a ritual purification method in Islam that involves using
clean earth or dust to perform ablution (wudu) or to purify oneself when water is not
available or cannot be used due to certain circumstances, such as illness, lack of access to
water, or fear of harm. It is an alternative to the traditional ablution with water.

page 16
The method of performing Tayammum is as follows:

To perform Remove the Then, wipe your face

Tayammum for dust from your with your hands as if
prayer, say: hands by you were washing it
'Bismillah ar- striking them with water."
Rahman ar- together on the
Rahim' (In the name side of your
of Allah, the Most thumbs.
Gracious, the Most
Merciful).Strike the
earth with your
hands, then blow off
the excess dust and
separate your
fingers.

page 17
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Then strike with Then wipe the Then wipe the
your hands a right hand first, left hand as you
second strike like starting from the wiped the right
the first. back of the palm hand.
up to the elbow,
and then from the
inside of the
elbow to the
surface of the
thumb.

page 18
 "Prayer (Salah)

The conditions for the validity of prayer are as follows:

1. The entrance of the prayer time.
2. Purification of the body, as previously explained in the
method of ablution (wudu).
3. Purification of the clothing.
4. Purification of the place of prayer.
5. Covering the 'awrah (the parts of the body that must be
covered during prayer). For men, it is from the navel to
below the knees, and for women, it is the entire body
except the face and hands.
6. Facing the Qibla (the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca).

The obligatory acts (Fard) of prayer are:

1. Intention (Niyyah) to perform the specific prayer.
2. Takbeeratul Ihram (saying Allahu Akbar to begin the
prayer).
3. Standing during the recitation of the Quran.
4. Recitation of Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah.
5. Rukoo' (bowing).

page 19
 -�)1�J,��1
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 6. Moderation (I'tidal) from the bowing position.
7. Two prostrations (Sujood).
8. Moderation (I'tidal) between the two prostrations.
9. The final Tashahhud (a specific supplication recited in the
sitting position).
10. The final Salam (greeting of peace) to the right and left,
intending it for the angels.

The recommended acts (Sunnah) of prayer are:

1. Seeking refuge in Allah and making the two specific
supplications before saying the Takbeeratul Ihram.
2. Reciting Surah Al-Fatiha and another Surah in the second unit
(Rak'ah) of every prayer, and reciting only Surah Al-Fatiha or
Tasbeeh (1) in the third and fourth units of the four-unit
(Rak'ah) prayers and the three-unit (Rak'ah) prayers.
3. Saying the Takbeer while transitioning between different
positions in prayer.
4. Saying the Tasbeeh ("SubhanAllah al-'Adheem wa bihamdihi"
means "Glory be to Allah, the Mighty, and I praise Him.") during the
bowing position.
5. Saying the Tasbeeh ("SubhanAllah al-A'la wa bihamdihi" means
"Glory be to Allah, the Most High, and I praise Him.") during the
prostration position.
6. Praising Allah ("Rabbana wa laka al-hamd" means "Our Lord,
and to You is all praise.") when rising from the bowing position.
7. The middle Tashahhud (a specific supplication recited in the
sitting position).
8. Qunut in the Fajr (dawn) and Witr (odd) prayers.
_____________________________________
(1)Its description is: "SubhanAllah walhamdulillah wala ilaha illallah
wallahu akbar" (Glory be to Allah, and all praise is due to Allah, and there
is no god but Allah, and Allah is the greatest), repeated three times.

page 20
 "Mufsidaat al-Salah" the actions or behaviors that
invalidate the prayer.
These include:
1. Neglecting or violating one of the conditions or obligatory
acts of prayer.
2. Engaging in excessive movements, such as eating, drinking,
and the like.
3. Uttering words during the prayer that are not from the
Quran or the prescribed supplications (adhkar) of the prayer.

"The schedule of the five daily prayers and their

recommended voluntary (Sunan al-Rawatib) prayers."

page 21
III
, \',
 The manner of performing prayer."
Seek refuge and recite the supplication of seeking
direction (Du'a al-Tawajjuh) saying: (A'udhu
billahi as-samee' al-'aleem min ash-shaytan ar-
raheem, wajjahtu wajhiya lilladhee qataras-
samaawaati wal-ard haneefan musliman wa maa
ana min al-mushrikeen. Inna salaatee wa nusukee
wa mahyaaya wa mamatee lillahi
rabbil-'aalameen, laa shareeka lah, wa bidhaalika
umirtu wa ana min al-muslimin. Alhamdu lillahi
alladhee lam yattakhith waladan wa lam yakun
lahu shareekun fil-mulk wa lam yakun lahu
waliyyun min adh-dhull.)"
meaning "I seek refuge in Allah, the All-Hearing,
the All-Knowing, from the accursed Satan. I turn
my face towards the One who created the heavens
and the earth, sincerely and obediently, and I am
not of the polytheists. Indeed, my prayer, my
sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for Allah,
the Lord of all worlds. He has no partner,
and I have been commanded to be among the Muslims.
All praise is due to Allah, who has not taken a son and has no partner
in His dominion, and who has no ally out of humiliation."
And in your heart, intend the prayer you wish to perform, then say the
opening Takbeer (Allahu Akbar). After that, recite Al-Fatiha and a Surah
along with it, while standing and looking at the place of your prostration,
with your hands relaxed by your sides and a slight
gap between your feet.
And the woman does the same as the man, except
that she says when she reaches the position of
Tawajjuh (facing the Qibla) "Haneefatan
Muslimatan" (devoted and submissive as a Muslim).
And while standing, she keeps her feet close together.

page 22
Then, bow down while saying
"Allahu Akbar" and remain in a
tranquil bowing position,
looking at your feet with your
back straight and your head
neither raised nor lowered,
placing your hands on your
knees with your fingers slightly
apart, facing them towards the
Qibla. Recite "Subhan Allah
al-'Adheem wa
bihamdihi" (Glory be to Allah,
the Great, and praise be to Him)
three times.

As for the woman, during the

bowing position, she should
keep her body upright, ensuring
that the ends of her fingers
reach her knees, as depicted in
the image.

page 23
Then straighten up from your bowing
until you stand upright, saying, "Sami'
Allahu liman hamidah" means'Allah
listens to the one who praises Him.'"

Place your palms Then prostrate, while magnifying Allah

aligned between your saying "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the
cheeks and shoulders, Greatest), and prostrate on your
with your armpits and forehead, nose, the palms of your
elbows slightly spread. hands, knees, and the tips of your toes,
with a gap between your stomach and
thighs, saying: 'SubhanAllahil-A'laa wa
bihamdihi' (Glory be to Allah, the Most
High, and praise be to Him) three
times.

page 24
Bring together the two toes of the
feet.

The prostration of a woman differs from the prostration of a

man. When a woman prostrates, her body should be close to
her knees, with her arms beside her thighs, not raised from the
ground. She does not need to place her toes like a man.

page 25
Then sit upright between Sit with the right foot
the two prostrations, saying
upright and the left foot
"Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the
Greatest), until you feel at laid flat.
ease while sitting.

Then prostrate again and do as you did in the first

prostration. Then rise up, saying "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the
Greatest), until you stand upright and do as you did in the
first Rak'ah (unit of prayer).

page 26
If you are performing a four-unit (Rak'ah) or three-unit prayer, then
sit in the second Rak'ah after the second prostration in the same
sitting position between the prostrations. Recite the middle
Tashahhud, which is:
"Bismillah, wa billah, wal-hamdu lillah, wal-asma'u al-husna kulluha
lillah. Ashhadu alla ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, wa
ashhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuluh."
Translation: "In the name of Allah, and by Allah, and all praise is
due to Allah, and all the beautiful names belong to Allah. I bear
witness that there is no god but Allah,
alone, without any partner, and I bear
witness that Muhammad is His servant
and messenger."
And If you are in the final Rak'ah (unit)
of the prayer, then sit in the same
manner as the middle Tashahhud,
reciting the final Tashahhud:
"Bismillah, wa billah, wal-hamdu lillah,
wal-asma'u al-husna kulluha lillah.
Ashhadu alla ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la
sharika lah, wa ashhadu anna
Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuluh.
Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin, wa barik
'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin, kama sallayta wa barakta
'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid."
Translation: "In the name of Allah, and by Allah, and all praise is
due to Allah, and all the beautiful names belong to Allah. I bear
witness that there is no god but Allah, alone, without any partner,
and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. O
Allah, send peace and blessings upon Muhammad and upon the
family of Muhammad, and bless Muhammad and the family of
Muhammad, as You have sent peace and blessings upon Ibrahim and
the family of Ibrahim. Indeed, You are Praiseworthy and Glorious."
page 27
Then, turn your head to Similarly, turn your head
the right and greet the to the left and greet the
angels saying: angels saying:

"Assalamu alaikum wa "Assalamu alaikum wa

rahmatullah." rahmatullah."

page 28
 "When you have finished your prayer, recite
Ayat al-Kursi, which is:

"Allahu la ilaha illa Huwa, Al-Hayyul-Qayyum,

la ta'khudhuhu sinatun wa la nawm, lahu ma fi
as-samawati wa ma fi al-ard. Man dhal-ladhi
yashfa'u 'indahu illa bi-idhnihi. Ya'lamu ma
bayna aydihim wa ma khalfahum, wa la
yuhiytuna bi shay'im-min 'ilmihi illa bima
sha'a. Wa si'a kursiyyuhu as-samawati wal-ard,
wa la ya'uduhu hifdhuhuma. Wa Huwal
'Aliyyul-'Adheem." (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:255)
Translation:
Allah! La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He),
the Ever Living, the One Who sustains and protects all that exists.
Neither slumber, nor sleep overtake Him. To Him belongs whatever is
in the heavens and whatever is on earth. Who is he that can intercede
with Him except with His Permission? He knows what happens to them
(His creatures) in this world, and what will happen to them in the
Hereafter. And they will never compass anything of His Knowledge
except that which He wills. His Kursi extends over the heavens and the
earth, and He feels no fatigue in guarding and preserving them. And He
is the Most High, the Most Great. [This Verse 2:255 is called Ayat-ul-
Kursi.]

page 29
 Continues...

And recite Surah Al-Ikhlas, which is:

"Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim. Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad. Allahu As-Samad.

Lam yalid wa lam yulad. Wa lam yakun lahu kufuwan ahad." (Surah Al-Ikhlas,
112:1-4)
Translation:
"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
( Say (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him)): "He is Allah, (the) One.(1)
"Allah-us-Samad (The Self-Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, He
neither eats nor drinks(2))."He begets not, nor was He begotten(3); "And
there is none co-equal or comparable unto Him.(4)" )(Surah Al-Ikhlas,
112:1-4

Then , engage in the remembrance of Allah by saying:

"Subhanallah" (Glory be to Allah) x 33 times,

"Alhamdulillah" (Praise be to Allah) x 33 times,
"Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest) x 33 times.

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And conclude the hundred by saying:
"La ilaha illallah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu,
yuhyi wa yumitu biyadihil-khair, wa huwa 'ala kulli shay'in qadir."

Translation:
"There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah alone, without any
partners. To Him belongs the dominion, and to Him belongs all praise. He
gives life and causes death, and in His hand is all goodness. And He is over
all things competent."

Then, send blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad, which are the five
prayers: "Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin
kama sallaita 'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid.
Allahumma barik 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin kama
barakta 'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun 'Ajeed.
Allahumma tarahham 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin kama
tarahhamta 'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid.
Allahumma tahannan 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin kama
tahannanta 'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid.
Allahumma sallim 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala ali Muhammadin kama
sallamta 'ala Ibrahim wa 'ala ali Ibrahim, innaka Hamidun Majid."

Translation:
(O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of
Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Ibrahim and upon the family of
Ibrahim. Verily, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, grant favours to
Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You have granted favours to
Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Verily, You are Praiseworthy, Majestic.
O Allah, have mercy upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as
You had mercy upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Verily, You are
Praiseworthy, Glorious, "O Allah, have compassion upon Muhammad and
the family of Muhammad, as You had compassion upon Ibrahim and the
family of Ibrahim. Verily, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, send
peace upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent peace
upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Verily, You are Praiseworthy,
Glorious.")."
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 Congregational prayer (Salat al-Jama'ah)

Congregational prayer (Salat al-Jama'ah) is equivalent to

twenty-seven individual prayers, and it is obligatory for us to
maintain it. It can be established even with one person besides
an imam. The person stands to the right of the imam. If there
are more than two people, they stand behind the imam, aligned
with their height. The imam intends to lead the prayer,
while the followers intend to join the congregation.

In congregational prayer, there are certain obligations:

1. Following the imam in prayer: When the imam says "Allahu

Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest), the followers should say it after
him. When the imam bows, they should bow as well. When the
imam says, "Sami Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears those
who praise Him), they should respond with "Rabbana lakal
hamd" (Our Lord, all praise is due to You). It is not permissible
for the followers to precede the imam in any action.

2. If the imam recites the Quran aloud, it is obligatory for the

followers to listen and not recite. The recitation of the imam is
sufficient for them.

3. When the imam says the final salutation (salam), the

followers should also say the salutation and turn their head to
the right and left, intending to greet the angels on both sides
and those who are praying beside them.

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"As for the congregational prayer of women, their imam is
in the middle, and in every row, there is an imam if they
are not praying behind a male imam.

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 Dua' al-Qunut (Supplications from Qura'an):

Alhamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin,(Alfatiha 2), alhamdu lillahi wa

salamun 'ala 'ibadihi alladheena istafa,(An-Naml 59) alhamdu lillahi
alladhi hadadna lihadha wa ma kunna liynahtadi lawla an hadana
Allah(Al-aaraf 43), rabbi inni thalamtu nafsi faghfir li,(AlQasas 16) rabbi
najjini minal qawmi thalimin,,(AlQasas 21) wanajini wa man ma'iya
minal mu'minin,,(Ash-Shu‘arā’ 118) rabbi awzini an ashkura ni'mataka
allati an'amta 'alayya wa 'ala walidayya wa an a'mala salihan
tardahu wa aslih li fi dhurriyyati, inni tubtu ilayka wa inni minal
muslimin,(Al-Ahqāf 15), rabbi ij'alni muqimas-salati wa min dhurriyyati
rabbana wa taqabbal du'a',(Ibrāhīm 40) rabbana ghfir li waliwalidayya
wa lilmu'minin yawma yaqumu alhisab (Ibrāhīm 41) , la ilaha illa anta
subhanaka inni kuntu minath-thalimin (Al-Anbiyā’87), subhanarabbika
rabbil 'izzati 'amma yasifun, wa salamun 'ala al-mursalina, walhamdu
lillahi rabbil 'alamin.( As-Sāffāt 180-182)
meaning:
"Supplication of Qunut:

All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds. All praise is due to
Allah, and peace be upon His chosen servants. All praise is due to Allah
who guided us to this, and we would not have been guided if it were not
for Allah guiding us. O Lord, I have wronged myself, so forgive me. O
Lord, save me from the oppressive people. And we humble ourselves,
along with those who are with me from the believers. O Lord, grant me
the ability to be grateful for Your blessings which You have bestowed
upon me and upon my parents, and to do righteous deeds that please
You. And rectify my offspring for me. Indeed, I have repented to You,
and indeed, I am of those who submit [to You]. O Lord, make me
steadfast in prayer, and from my offspring [as well]. Our Lord, accept my
supplication. Our Lord, forgive me and my parents and the believers on
the Day when the account is established. There is no deity except You;
Exalted are You. Indeed, I have been of the wrongdoers. Glory be to Your
Lord, the Lord of Honor, above what they describe. And peace be upon
the messengers. And all praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds."
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