Indian Ground Water Explore Data Analysis

Dissertion submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree

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BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
 Case Study

Groundwater in India is a crucial resource, especially for agriculture and drinking water.
However, it faces various challenges, including over-extraction, contamination, and declining
water tables in many regions. Government initiatives and awareness campaigns aim to
address these issues and promote sustainable groundwater management practices.

Abstract

In this project work we did groundwater data analysis of different states in India with the help
of CGWD (National ground water monitoring network stations), we have analyzed ground
water level data of bore/tube wells over the period of 10 years and developed yearly seasonal
model. Our goal is to develop a regional seasonal for a state that will be better understanding
of that state ground water system and helps CGWD in developing water budgets smoothly.
Problem Statement

CGWB (National ground water monitoring network stations) has been recording ground
water data for all states of India for over 10 years, this repository of data must be used for
assessing ground water potential and usage, and for planning drinking water schemes.
Techniques such as data mining, mathematical skills along with GIS representation
techniques has to be used to develop better understanding of seasonality and water table,
connections and relationship between different regions ground water . The objectives of the
project is to study the ground water behavior for different states of India. This can be used in
planning for the Drinking water Schemes in the state. Later on the work can be extended to
other states. Initially only observation bore/tube wells data is being used for analysis purpose.

Data requirements:
 Water table and Potentiometric maps for all Qurifers.
 Hydrograph of ground water head and surface water levels and discharge rates.
 Maps and cross sections showing storage properties of aquifers and confining beds.
 Hydraulic conductivity values and their distribution of steam and sedimentation of
lakes.
 This will also includes information on surface and subsurface geology, water
precipitation, evapotranspiration , pumped abstractions, stream flows, soils, land use,
vegetation, irrigation, aquifer characteristic and boundaries , and ground water
quality.
Existing Systems

For monitoring of ground water level, CGWD (National ground water monitoring network)
dedicated network of 25000 monitoring stations called “National Hydrograph Network
Stations (NHNS), which comprises open dugwells and purpose built bore/tube wells for
water level monitoring called Piezometer.

India is the largest groundwater user in the world, using 25% of all groundwater extracted
every year globally. 70% of agriculture and 85% of our drinking water supply depends on
groundwater. The major component of the groundwater extracted (89%), is used in the
irrigation sector, followed by domestic use (9%) and lastly industrial use (2%). 50% of urban
water requirements and 85% of rural domestic water requirements are fulfilled by
groundwater.
India is fast moving towards a crisis of groundwater overuse and contamination. The data on
groundwater levels for most parts of the country is unavailable. Lack of good quality,
location-specific data hinders sustainable management of groundwater in the country.
There is an urgent requirement to make a shift from groundwater development to its
management by identifying and mapping aquifers, quantifying the available groundwater
potential, and proposing plans appropriate to the aquifer characteristics, the scale of demand,
and the institutional arrangements for management. A robust understanding of the state of
aquifers in India will help in their management and governance at the local level.
The Groundwater Monitoring Tool (GWMT) is aimed at addressing this major challenge in
the estimation of groundwater resources and help bridge this gap.