Lecture Notes 7

Intervening the Offenders

In law, intervention is a procedure to allow a nonparty, called intervenor (also spelled
intervener) to join ongoing litigation, either as a matter of right or at the discretion of the court,
without the permission of the original litigants. The basic rationale for intervention is that a
judgment in a particular case may affect the rights of nonparties, who ideally should have the
right to be heard.
The broad intervention strategies are supply restriction, incarceration, community
supervision, and compulsory treatment. These approaches, designed to reduce criminal activity
and substance use, are all consistent with behavioral principles of response suppression.
One principle of effective intervention is that services should be intensive and behavioral in
nature. The behavioral programs should target the criminogenic needs of high-risk offenders; and
characteristics of offenders, therapists, and programs should be matched.
Current Status of Correctional Settings
• Thus a correctional institution or setting is a place where a person accused of or convicted of a
crime is lodged for a specified period of time. Traditionally, the approach towards crime
control was guided by the concepts of deterrence, retribution, and offender incapacitation.
 • Some major contemporary issues resulting from the social, economic and environmental changes
facing correctional administrators include the changing trend in prison population, overcrowding
in correctional facilities, improvement of prison conditions, increase of drug-related offenders.
• Prison overcrowding is one of the key contributing factors to poor prison conditions around the
world. It is also arguably the biggest single problem facing prison systems and its consequences
can at worst be life-threatening and prevent prisons from fulfilling their proper function.
Issues Correction Officers Facing in 2022
• Heading into 2022, officers and leaders in the corrections sector of law enforcement find
themselves at the intersection of many familiar issues to the profession and law enforcement as a
whole – recruitment and retention, officer wellness and readiness, and working conditions.
• Retention
• Recruitment
• Burnout & Officer Wellness
• Overcrowded Prison Facilities
• COVID-19
• Research-Driven Solutions
Rehabilitation in Correctional Settings
• Of all the persons who have been placed under parole/probationary supervision or released from
prison, offenders rehabilitation facilities accommodate those who have no proper place to live,
give them living guidance and vocational training so that they are able to live independently
at the earliest possible date.
• The rehabilitation definition in law is using rehabilitative measures rather than punishment to
address criminals in the prison system. Rehabilitation criminal justice focuses on helping the
offender understand their wrongs and prepares them to re-enter society as a reformed person.
• Rehabilitation helps a child, adult or older person to be as independent as possible in everyday
activities and enables participation in education, work, recreation and meaningful life roles such
as taking care of family.
Criminal Offenders’ Rehabilitation through Psychotherapy
The desired outcome of psychotherapy is positive change. A substantial body of empirical research now
supports the importance of the therapeutic alliance in predicting therapeutic change. The therapeutic
alliance consists of three essential elements: agreement on the goals of the treatment, agreement on
the tasks, and the development of a personal bond made up of reciprocal positive feelings. Despite
these achievements, there is little theoretical understanding of how the therapeutic alliance develops and
is maintained. What are the key variables in the establishment of a collaborative relationship between
therapist and client that can produce positive change in the client? Recent interest in client responsivity
and effective therapy process with offenders has shed light on how little relevant theory and research
exists on process issues in offender rehabilitation, compared to conventional psychotherapy.
• Although the general ingredients of a therapeutic alliance may be similar across therapy contexts,
difficulties in creating these alliances with offenders can prompt a more complete examination of
these ingredients. Recent research, theory, and clinical observation from the field of offender
rehabilitation is required, which can propose a Revised Theory of the Therapeutic Alliance that is
particularly relevant for therapists who work to reduce future risk of criminal behavior.
• https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/50243092/j.avb.2008.07.00320161110-3079-eficw4-
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