PROYECTO DE INGLES

MECATRONICA

Student:
Daniel Alejandro Matzdorf Espinosa.233203
Grade: Group:
2 D

Teacher:
Verónica Gallegos Jiménez
 Title:
Nanotechnology is the study and manipulation of individual atoms and
molecules.
Summary.
Nanotechnology involves understanding and controlling matter at the nanometer-scale,
which deals with dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers. A nanometer
is an extremely small unit of length, equal to one billionth of a meter. Materials at the
nanoscale exhibit unique properties; for example, changing the size of a particle can alter
its color due to differences in how atoms reflect light. Nanotechnology can enhance
material surface areas, leading to stronger, more durable, and more conductive materials
compared to their larger-scale counterparts.

Unlike microscopy, nanotechnology harnesses the distinct physical, chemical,

mechanical, and optical properties of materials at the nanoscale. Scientists explore these
properties for various applications, from improving consumer products to advancing
medicine and addressing environmental challenges.

Nanomaterials can be categorized as natural or artificial. Natural nanomaterials occur

naturally, such as volcanic ash or molecules in living organisms, while artificial
nanomaterials are intentionally produced by humans. Intentionally produced
nanomaterials include fullerenes, which are carbon allotropes, and nanoparticles made
from various elements like gold, silicon, or titanium.

Fullerenes are atom-thick sheets of carbon, rolled into spheres or tubes. Buckyballs, a
type of fullerene, are stable molecules that can trap other atoms or molecules. Carbon
nanotubes, another type of fullerene, are exceptionally strong and flexible, holding
promise for various applications, including space exploration.

Nanoparticles encompass a range of nanometer-scale materials and include

semiconductors like quantum dots. These particles have unique properties, such as
fluorescent capabilities, which have implications for fields like photovoltaics and medicine.
Gold nanoparticles, for instance, show promise in fighting cancer by targeting specific
cells.
Intentionally produced nanomaterials also include dendrimers, complex nanoparticles
with branched structures used in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Nanocomposites,
which combine nanomaterials with bulk materials, offer enhanced properties useful in
various industries, from packaging to aerospace.

Nanotechnology relies on specialized equipment like atomic force microscopes (AFMs)

and scanning tunneling microscopes (STMs) to manipulate and visualize materials at the
atomic level. These tools enable researchers to study and manipulate individual atoms
and molecules.

The history of nanotechnology traces back to the 20th century, with significant
advancements made in the 1980s and 1990s, leading to widespread interest and
investment by governments and companies. Nanomaterials have been used for centuries
in various applications, such as stained glass windows and Damascus steel swords.

Nanotechnology holds promise for addressing global challenges, including energy

production, clean water access, and environmental remediation. Applications span
diverse sectors, from textiles and cosmetics to electronics and medicine, offering
improved products and solutions.

However, concerns about nanotechnology include potential environmental and health

risks, as well as socio-economic disparities in access to and benefits from
nanotechnology. Regulatory frameworks and ongoing research aim to address these
concerns while harnessing the potential of nanotechnology for positive impact.
spanish English Meaning
Nanotecnología Nanotechnology; Technology involving
manipulation of matter at
the nanometer scale.
Dimensiones. Dimensions Measurements or
proportions of an object.
Aproximadamente. Approximately Roughly, around.
Propiedades. Properties Specific characteristics of
a material or substance.
Organizacion. Properties Organization or
configuration of elements.
Alotropias. Allotropes Different forms in which an
element can exist in
nature.
Semiconductor. Semiconductor Material having electrical
conductivity between a
conductor and an insulator.
Revolucionando. Revolutionizing Bringing about a radical
change or revolution in
something.
Multifuncional. Multifunctional Capable of performing
multiple functions or tasks.
Aditivo. Additive Substance added to
another to improve or
modify its properties.
Apocaliptico. Apocalyptic Relating to the end of the
world or a catastrophe.
involuntariamente Unintentionally Without intention or
inadvertently.
Infrestructura. Infrastructure Basic structure or facilities
necessary for the
operation of a society or
system.
Controvertido. Controversial Causing controversy or
debate.
Prematuro. Premature Occurring before the
expected or appropriate
time.
Bioacumulacion. Bioaccumulation Accumulation of toxic
substances in living
organisms.
Toxicologia. Toxicology Study of toxic substances
and their effects on living
organisms.
Implementacion. Implementation Action of putting something
into effect or carrying it out.
Accecibilidad. Accessibility Quality of being accessible
or reachable.
Avances. Advancements Progress or improvements
in a particular field.
Implicaciones. . Implications Consequences or
ramifications of an action
or decision.
Remedicion. Remediation Action of remedying or
correcting a problem or
situation.
Regulatorio, Regulatory Relating to the regulation
or oversight of an activity
or industry.
Estructuras. Frameworks Structures or conceptual
frameworks that serve as a
guide for action.
Socioeconomico. Socio-economic Relating to social and
economic factors.
Desparidades. Disparities Differences or inequalities
of significance.
Aprovechamiento. Harnessing Effective utilization or
exploitation of something.
Generalizado. Widespread Extensively distributed or
diffused.
En curso. Ongoing In progress or continuing.
Coagulaciom. Coagulation Process of coagulating or
solidifying a liquid.
 Bliography

Nanotechnology. (s. f.).

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/nanotechnology/