Introductory Chemistry, 6e (Tro)

Chapter 14 Acids and Bases

14.1 True/False Questions

1) Acids have a bitter taste.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.1
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

2) Acids produce H⁺ ions in solution.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.1
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

3) Acids turn litmus paper blue.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

4) The main component of stomach acid is sulfuric acid.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

5) The main component of vinegar is acetic acid.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

6) Bases have a bitter taste.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

7) Bases feel slippery.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

1
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
8) Bases feel slippery because they react with oils on your skin to form soap-like substances.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

9) Sodium hydroxide is often used in the manufacturing of soap.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

10) The sour taste of bases warns humans against eating poisonous alkaloids found in some plants.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

11) An Arrhenius base is a proton acceptor.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.3
Global Outcome: G1

12) A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

13) H⁺ is called the hydronium ion.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

14) A conjugate acid-base pair are two substances related to each other by the transfer of a proton.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

15) The conjugate base to HSO4- is SO42-.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

2
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
16) H2SO3 and H2SO4 are considered a conjugate acid-base pair.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

17) NH4+ and NH3 are considered a conjugate acid-base conjugate pair.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

18) The products of a neutralization reaction are carbon dioxide and water.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.5
Global Outcome: G1

19) The salt that forms due to neutralization of phosphoric acid by calcium hydroxide has the formula
Ca3P2.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.5
Global Outcome: G1

20) When a metal reacts with an acid it produces salt and water.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.6
Global Outcome: G1

21) Aluminum is one of the few metals that dissolves in a strong base.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.6
Global Outcome: G1

22) In a titration, the indicator is used to signal when the endpoint has been reached.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G1

23) A 100 mL sample of 4.0 M H2SO4 could be neutralized by 100 mL of 4.0 M NH3.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G4

3
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
24) A strong acid is one that completely dissociates into ions in solution.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

25) The equation HCl (aq) + H2O (l) ↔ H3O+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) properly depicts the behavior of hydrochloric
acid in water.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G2

26) A strong acid must also be a strong electrolyte.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

27) A strong acid is one that is very concentrated.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

28) A weak acid is a dilute acid that is not very powerful.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

29) Since diprotic acids such as H2CO3 have two ionizable protons, they will always behave as strong
acids compared to monoprotic acids.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G2

30) In general, the stronger the acid, the weaker is its conjugate base.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

31) Water always acts as an acid in reactions.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

4
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
32) A neutral solution does not contain any H⁺ or OH⁻.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G1

33) The ion product constant for water (Kw) is best stated as Kw = [H2O] [H+].
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G1

34) A solution of pH 2 contains ten times more H3O+ than a solution of pH 3.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

35) The pH of 0.001 M HCl is 3.0.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

36) A 1.0 M [H3O+] solution of a strong acid would have a pH equal to zero.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

37) A solution with a concentration of 0.000 000 1 M HCl would be an acidic solution.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

38) The pH of a 0.0001 M NaOH solution is 4.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

39) A solution that has a pH of 8.5 is considered a weak base.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

5
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
40) A pH of 7 is equivalent to a pOH of 7.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

41) A solution that has a pH of 10 would also have a pOH of 4.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

42) A buffer resists a change in pH by being able to react with an acid or a base.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Learning Outcome: 14.16
Global Outcome: G1

43) A simple buffer can be prepared by mixing significant amounts of a weak acid and its conjugate base.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Learning Outcome: 14.16
Global Outcome: G1

44) The burning of fossil fuels produces nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides which can react to form acid
rain (nitric and sulfuric acids).
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.11
Global Outcome: G1

45) Rain is naturally somewhat acidic because of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.11
Global Outcome: G1

6
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
14.2 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following is NOT a property of acids?

A) Acids have a slippery feel.
B) Acids have a sour taste.
C) Acids turn litmus paper red.
D) Acids dissolve many metals.
E) All of the above are properties of acids.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

2) Which of the following statements about acids are TRUE?

1. An acid is used in car batteries.
2. A component of vinegar is an acid.
3. Acids are used for cleaning metals.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) All of 1, 2, and 3
E) Neither 1, 2, or 3
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

3) Carboxylic acids can be found in:

A) grapes.
B) apples.
C) lemons.
D) all of the above
E) none of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

4) Which among the following acids is commonly used for etching and frosting glass?
A) hydrochloric acid
B) nitric acid
C) hydrofluoric acid
D) hydrobromic acid
E) All of the above are used.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

7
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) Which of the following acids is commonly used for manufacturing fertilizer?
A) HCl
B) HN
C) HF
D) HBr
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.2
Learning Outcome: 14.1
Global Outcome: G1

6) Which of the following is NOT a property of bases?

A) Bases have a slippery feel.
B) Bases have a bitter taste.
C) Bases turn litmus paper blue.
D) Bases dissolve many metals.
E) All of the above are properties of bases.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

7) Which of the following statements about a base are TRUE?

1. Bases are used in the manufacturing of soap.
2. Bases have a sour taste.
3. Fertilizer manufacture and cotton processing use bases.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) All of 1, 2, and 3
E) Neither 1, 2, or 3
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

8) Which of the following common bases is commonly used for manufacturing fertilizer?
A) NH3
B) NaHC
C) KOH
D) NaOH
E) all of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

8
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
9) Which of the following is the active ingredient of baking soda?
A) NH3
B) NaHC
C) KOH
D) NaOH
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.3
Learning Outcome: 14.2
Global Outcome: G1

10) The Arrhenius definition of an acid is:

A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.3
Global Outcome: G1

11) The Bronsted-Lowry definition of a base is:

A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

12) The Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid is:

A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) produces H⁺ in solution.
D) produces OH⁻ in solution.
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

9
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
13) Which of the following is NOT true?
A) The Bronsted-Lowry Model applies to a wider range of acid-base phenomena than does the Arrhenius
Model.
B) The Arrhenius Model of acids and bases was developed before the Bronsted-Lowry Model.
C) The Bronsted-Lowry Model can apply to bases that do not contain hydroxide ions.
D) The Arrhenius Model of acids and bases applies toward substances that are nonaqueous.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.3|14.4
Global Outcome: G1

14) In examining the formula for acetic acid, HC2H3O2, the ionizable hydrogen atom(s) is/are:
A) the H on the left.
B) one of the H's on the right-side.
C) all of the H's on the right-side.
D) all four H's.
E) none of the above.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

15) What is the conjugate acid of OH⁻?

A)
B) O
C) NaOH
D) OH⁻
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

16) What is the conjugate base of O?

A)
B)
C) NaOH
D) OH⁻
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

10
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
17) Which of the following is NOT an acid-base conjugate pair?
A) H2CO3 and HCO3-
B) H2O and OH-
C) H2S and OH-
D) NH4+ and NH3
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

18) In the following reaction:

HCO3- (aq) + H2O (aq) → H2CO3 (aq) + OH- (aq)

A) HCO3- is an acid and H2CO3 is its conjugate base.

B) H2O is an acid and OH- is its conjugate base.
C) HCO3- is an acid and OH- is its conjugate base.
D) H2O is an acid and H2CO3 is its conjugate base.
E) H2O is an acid and HCO3- is its conjugate base.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

19) In the following reaction: NH4+ (aq) + H2O (aq) → NH3 (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
A) NH4+ is an acid and H2O is its conjugate base.
B) H2O is a base and NH3 is its conjugate acid.
C) NH4+ is an acid and H3O+ is its conjugate base.
D) H2O is a base and H3O+ is its conjugate acid.
E) NH4+ is a base and H2O is its conjugate acid.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

20) Which of the following statements about water are TRUE?

A) Water can act as an acid.
B) Water can act as a base.
C) The conjugate base of water is OH-.
D) The conjugate acid of water is H3O+.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
11
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G2

21) A substance that acts as an acid OR a base is called:

A) isoprotic.
B) a salt.
C) amphoteric.
D) hydrophillic.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.4
Learning Outcome: 14.4
Global Outcome: G1

22) What are the products of a neutralization reaction?

A) salt and carbon dioxide
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) water and salt
D) oil and water
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.5
Global Outcome: G1

23) A neutralization reaction between an acid and sodium hydroxide formed water and the salt named
sodium sulfate. What was the formula of the acid that was neutralized?
A) H2S
B) H2SO4
C) HCl
D) Na2SO4
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.5
Global Outcome: G7

24) A neutralization reaction between KOH (aq) and H2SO4 (aq) would give which two products?
A) H2O (l) and H2S (g)
B) H2O (l) and KSO4 (aq)
C) H2O (l) and K2SO4 (aq)
D) SO2 (g) and KH2 (g)
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.5
Global Outcome: G2

12
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
25) When an acid reacts with a metal, what is one of the usual products?
A) water
B) salt
C) carbon dioxide
D) hydrogen gas
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.5
Learning Outcome: 14.6
Global Outcome: G1

26) A 25.0 mL sample of 0.105 M HCl was titrated with of NaOH. What is the concentration of the
NaOH?
A) 0.0833 M
B) 0.132 M
C) 0.105 M
D) 0.075 M
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G4

27) A 35.0 mL sample of 0.225 M HBr was titrated with 42.3 mL of KOH. What is the concentration of the
KOH?
A) 0.157 M
B) 0.303 M
C) 0.272 M
D) 0.186 M
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G4

28) Exactly 17.0 mL of a H2SO4 solution was required to neutralize 45.0 mL of 0.235 M NaOH. What was
the concentration of the H2SO4 solution?
Given: H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → 2H2O (l) + Na2SO4 (aq)
A) 5.63 M
B) 0.622 M
C) 0.00529 M
D) 0.311 M
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G4

13
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
29) Pure water cannot conduct electricity so why do we have to be careful with electrical appliances near
water?
A) OSHA regulations
B) Water can be broken down by electricity.
C) Water always has some ions dissolved in it.
D) Water dissociates fully into its ions.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Global Outcome: G1

30) Which of the following acids is diprotic?

A) HCl
B) HN
C) HI
D)
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

31) Which of the following acids is a diprotic, weak acid?

A) sulfuric acid
B) phosphoric acid
C) hydrobromic acid
D) carbonic acid
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

32) Which of the following acids is a monoprotic, strong acid?

A) sulfuric acid
B) phosphoric acid
C) hydrobromic acid
D) carbonic acid
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

14
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
33) Which of the following is a weak base?
A) calcium hydroxide
B) sodium fluoride
C) potassium hydroxide
D) ammonia
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G1

34) In which solution is the [H3O+] less than 0.250 M?

A) 0.250 M HC2H3O2 (aq)
B) 0.250 M HF (aq)
C) 0.250 M HCO2 (aq)
D) all of these
E) none of these
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.8
Global Outcome: G2

35) A 0.10 M solution of an electrolyte has a pH of 4.5. The electrolyte is:

A) a strong acid.
B) a strong base.
C) a weak acid.
D) a weak base.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G2

36) What is the concentration of H⁺ in 2.0 M acetic acid, HC2H3O2?

A) 1.0 M
B) 2.0 M
C) >2.0 M
D) < 2.0 M
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G4

15
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
37) What is the concentration of H⁺ in 0.50 M hydroiodic acid?
A) 0.50 M
B) 1.0 M
C) <0.50 M
D) 1.50 M
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G4

38) Ammonia (NH3) ionizes in water to form a basic solution. What is the concentration of OH- ions in a
0.75 M NH3 solution?
A) 0.75 M
B) < 0.75 M
C) > 0.75 M
D) No OH- ions exist in a solution of NH3.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.10a
Global Outcome: G4

39) Consider a 1.6 × 10-3 M solution of HNO3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) This solution would turn litmus to red.
B) This solution could neutralize a base.
C) This solution has a pH of 11.20.
D) This solution could dissolve metal.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.2|14.12
Global Outcome: G7

40) Substances that can act both as an acid and as a base are called:
A) neutral.
B) buffers.
C) indicators.
D) amphoteric.
E) none of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.11
Global Outcome: G1

16
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
41) What is the value of the ion product constant for water ( )?
A) 0.0
B) 1.0
C) 1.0
D) 1.0
E) 1.0
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.11
Global Outcome: G4

42) What is the concentration of the hydroxide ion given that the concentration of the hydronium ion is
?
A) 6.7 × M
B) 1.5 M
C) 1.0 M
D) 1.0 M
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.11
Global Outcome: G4

43) What is the concentration of the hydronium ions in an acidic solution?

A) 0.0 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 1.0 M
D) > 1.0 M
E) < 1.0 M
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G4

44) The pH of a solution is 5.00. Which of the following is TRUE about the solution?
A) Its [H3O+] is 1.0 × 10-9 M
B) Its [H3O+] is 1.0 × 10-5 M
C) Its [H3O+] is 1.0 × 105 M
D) It is more acidic than a solution whose pH is 4.00.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G4

17
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
45) What is the concentration of the hydronium ions in a neutral solution?
A) 0.0 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 1.0 M
D) > 1.0 M
E) < 1.0 M
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G4

46) What is the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution given that the concentration of hydroxide
ions is 2.31 × 10-4 M?
A) 4.33 × 10-11 M
B) 2.31 × 1010 M
C) 2.31 × 10-18 M
D) 1.01 × 10-5 M
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.14
Global Outcome: G4

47) Which solution below has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?
A) pH = 3.21
B) pH = 12.49
C) pH = 7.00
D) pH = 10.12
E) pH = 7.93
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.14
Global Outcome: G4

48) In order for a solution to be acidic:

A) [H3O+] < [OH-]
B) [H3O+] > [OH-]
C) [H3O+] = [OH-]
D) pH = pOH
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G4

18
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
49) In order for a solution to be basic:
A) [H3O+] > [OH-]
B) [H3O+] < [OH-]
C) [H3O+] = [OH-]
D) pH = pOH
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

50) What is the concentration of the hydroxide ions in an acidic solution?

A) 0.0 M
B) 1.0 M
C) 1.0 M
D) > 1.0 M
E) < 1.0 M
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G4

51) In a solution that has a pH = 7.0:

A) [H3O+] > [OH-]
B) [H3O+] < [OH-]
C) [H3O+] = [OH-]
D) [H3O+] + [OH-] = Kw
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

52) A solution at 25°C has a hydrogen ion concentration of 2.6 × 10-5 M. Which of the following is TRUE?
A) [H3O+] > [OH-]
B) [H3O+] < [OH-]
C) [H3O+] = [OH-]

D) [H3O+] =

E) none of the above

Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

19
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
53) What is the pH of a solution that has a H⁺ concentration equal to ?
A) 4.77
B) 5.20
C) 0.22
D) 10.20
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G4

54) Consider a 1.0 M HCl solution and a 1.0 M NaOH solution. Which statement below is
true?
A) The HCl solution is acidic.
B) The NaOH solution is basic.
C) Only the HCl solution is neutral.
D) Only the NaOH solution is neutral.
E) Both of these solutions are neutral.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G2

55) If the pH of an aqueous solution changed from 9.10 to 4.67, what happened to the hydronium ion
concentration?
A) It decreased.
B) It became zero.
C) It became less than zero.
D) It increased.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G2

56) What is the [H⁺] in a solution that has a pH of 3.35?

A) 1 × M
B) 2.2 × M
C) 4.5 × M
D) 3.35 × M
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G4

20
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
57) What is the pOH of a solution that has a OH- concentration equal to ?
A) 9.89
B) 4.29
C) -4.3
D) 4.12
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.14
Global Outcome: G4

58) What is the [OH-] in a solution that has a pOH of 9.65?

A) 4.5 × M
B) 4.5 × M
C) 9.8 × M
D) 2.2 × M
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.14
Global Outcome: G4

59) Which solution below is considered to have basic character?

A) pOH = 7
B) pH = 2
C) pOH = 4
D) pOH = 13
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.15
Global Outcome: G2

60) Which of the following is TRUE of alkaloid compounds?

A) Alkaloids are organic bases.
B) Alkaloids occur naturally in many plants.
C) Some narcotic drugs are alkaloids.
D) Some alkaloids are addictive.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Global Outcome: G1

21
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
61) A buffer solution is all of the following EXCEPT:
A) a solution that resists a change in pH when a base is added.
B) a solution that resists a change in pH when an acid is added.
C) a solution that contains both a weak acid and its conjugate base.
D) a solution that regulates pH because it is such a strong acid or base.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Learning Outcome: 14.16
Global Outcome: G1

62) Which of the following statements are TRUE of buffer solutions?

1. A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of
acetic acid and sodium acetate.
2. A buffer solution can be made by mixing equal concentrations of
hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride.
3. A buffer solution resists changes in pH when small quantities of acid
or base are added.
A) 1 and 2 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 3 only
D) All of 1, 2, and 3
E) None of 1, 2, and 3
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Learning Outcome: 14.16
Global Outcome: G1

63) Which combination below will be a buffer solution?

A) HCl and Cl⁻
B) HN and NaN
C) H and Na
D) NaBr and NaOH
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.10
Learning Outcome: 14.16
Global Outcome: G2

64) Which of the following contributes to acid rain?

A) The use of volatile acids in industry.
B) The reaction of metal oxides with water.
C) The reaction of nonmetal oxides with water.
D) The reaction of alkali metals with water.
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.11
Global Outcome: G1

22
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
65) Acid rain legislation targeted the release of which compound by industry?
A) C
B) S
C) dioxin
D) benzene
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 14.11
Global Outcome: G1

14.3 Algorithmic Questions

1) The titration of 25.00 mL a 0.125 M HCl solution required 21.37 mL of KOH to reach the endpoint.
What is the concentration of the KOH?
A) 0.292 M
B) 0.0668 M
C) 0.146 M
D) 0.134 M
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.6
Learning Outcome: 14.7
Global Outcome: G4

2) What is the concentration of in a 0.121 M HCl solution?

A) 1.0 M
B) < 0.121 M
C) 0.121 M
D) not enough information
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.7
Learning Outcome: 14.9
Global Outcome: G4

3) What is the concentration of in solution given the [OH⁻] = 2.54 × ?

A) 3.94 × M
B) 2.54 × M
C) 1.0 × M
D) not enough information
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.8
Learning Outcome: 14.10a
Global Outcome: G4

23
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) What is the pH of a solution that has a [ ] = 0.0045 M?
A) 1.35
B) 2.35
C) 3.35
D) 7.0045
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G4

5) What is the pH of a solution that has a [ ] = 0.0033 M?

A) 2.48
B) 7.0033
C) 11.52
D) 3.3
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G4

6) Which solution below would be considered the most acidic?

A) 2.9 × 10 -4 M HCl
B) 4.5 × 10 -5 M HNO3
C) 1.0 × 10 -7 M NaCl
D) 1.5 × 10 -2 M KOH
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.12
Global Outcome: G4

7) What is the concentration of in a solution with pH = 2.50?

A) 4.5 M
B) 1.3 M
C) 0.0032 M
D) 0.40 M
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 14.9
Learning Outcome: 14.13
Global Outcome: G4

24
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.