Introductory Chemistry, 6e (Tro)

Chapter 12 Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces

12.1 True/False Questions

1) Intermolecular forces are the attractive forces between atoms within a compound.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.1
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

2) The shapes of protein molecules are determined by intermolecular forces.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.1
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

3) Intermolecular forces determine if a substance is a solid, liquid or gas at room temperature.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.1
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

4) Gases typically have high densities in comparison to solids.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

5) Liquids can be easily compressed.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

6) Atoms in a solid are always arranged in a well-ordered pattern.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

7) Solids usually have much greater densities than gases because molecules of a solid are much farther
apart.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

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8) Without intermolecular forces, solids and liquids would not exist and all matter would be gaseous.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

9) The strength of the surface tension is inversely related to the strength of the intermolecular forces.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G1

10) Liquids that are viscous flow more slowly than liquids that are not viscous.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G1

11) Viscosity increases with increased intermolecular force because the molecules attract each other
strongly which hinders the flow.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G2

12) Evaporation is decreased by increasing the intermolecular forces.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

13) Compounds with very high vapor pressures must have very minimal intermolecular forces.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

14) The rate of evaporation will increase if you pour a liquid out onto a large surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

15) Increasing the temperature increases the vaporization rate of a liquid because the excess energy is
used to break covalent bonds.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

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16) Oil would be considered a nonvolatile liquid while gasoline would be considered volatile.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

17) The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a solution is equal to the
intermolecular forces.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

18) Evaporation is an endothermic process.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

19) Evaporation and condensation are opposite processes.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

20) The process of heating a pot of water from room temperature to boiling temperature is an exothermic
process.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

21) Water has a heat of vaporization of 44.0 kJ/mol while the chemical diethyl ether has a heat of
vaporization of 27.1 kJ/mol. This shows that one mole of water would vaporize more easily than would
one mole of diethyl ether.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G2

22) When one mole of water vapor at 100°C condenses, it will release an amount of energy equivalent to
its heat of vaporization (40.7 kJ).
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

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23) All intermolecular forces are broken when a liquid vaporizes into a gas.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G2

24) Intermolecular forces hold atoms and molecules in place in a solid.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G1

25) The melting point is reached when sufficient energy has been added to the molecules in a substance to
overcome the intermolecular forces holding them stationary.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G1

26) Heat is released when a liquid freezes into a solid.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G1

27) A glass of ice water containing nine ice cubes will be colder than a similar-size glass of ice water
containing only three ice cubes.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

28) Sublimation is the process of a liquid being converted directly to a gas.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G1

29) The heat of fusion for water is significantly more than the heat of vaporization for water because
fusion requires complete separation of one molecule from another.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

30) Dispersion forces result from the temporary distortion of the electron cloud in an atom or molecule
which increases in magnitude with increasing size.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

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31) Dipole-dipole forces are weaker than dispersion forces.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

32) Ion-dipole forces occur in mixtures of ionic compounds and polar compounds.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G1

33) Hydrogen bonding occurs whenever hydrogen is present.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G1

34) For hydrogen bonding to occur, a molecule must have a hydrogen atom bonded directly to a fluorine,
oxygen, or nitrogen atom.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G1

35) Ion-dipole force is considered the weakest of the different types of intermolecular forces.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G1

36) H2 boils at a higher temperature than He because H2 undergoes hydrogen bonding.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.9
Global Outcome: G2

37) Ice is an example of a molecular solid.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G1

38) Ionic solids tend to have higher melting points than molecular solids.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G1

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39) Atomic solids, such as graphite, have a weak dispersion force holding them together.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G1

40) Attraction between the Na+ cation and Cl- anion holds the solid lattice of sodium chloride together.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G1

41) Water has unusual physical properties which enable life to exist on earth.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G1

42) Ice can float in a glass of liquid water because the solid form of water is more dense than the liquid
form.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G2

43) Compounds that are similar to water in molecular mass all exist as solids.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G1

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12.2 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Intermolecular forces are responsible for:

A) the taste sensations.
B) the shape of protein molecules.
C) the function of DNA.
D) the existence of liquids and solids.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

2) Which state of matter has a high density and an indefinite shape?

A) solids
B) liquids
C) gases
D) both solids and liquids
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

3) Which state of matter has a high density and a definite volume?

A) solids
B) liquids
C) gases
D) both solids and liquids
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

4) Which state of matter has a low density and an indefinite volume?

A) solids
B) liquids
C) gases
D) both solids and liquids
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

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5) Which state of matter has a low density and is easily compressed?
A) solids
B) liquids
C) gases
D) both solids and liquids
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.2
Learning Outcome: 12.1
Global Outcome: G1

6) Which statement about surface tension is FALSE?

A) Liquids tend to minimize their surface area.
B) Molecules on the surface of the liquid have fewer molecules to interact with.
C) Increased intermolecular forces increase surface tension.
D) Items with densities lower than water will sink due to surface tension.
E) All of the above statements are true.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G1

7) The tendency of a liquid to minimize its surface area is called:

A) capillary action.
B) viscosity.
C) surface tension.
D) vaporization.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G1

8) The measure of the resistance to the flow of a liquid is called:

A) vapor pressure.
B) sublimation.
C) viscosity.
D) condensation.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.3
Learning Outcome: 12.2
Global Outcome: G1

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9) The change of a substance from a liquid to a gaseous form is called:
A) dynamic equilibrium.
B) heat of fusion.
C) condensation.
D) vaporization.
E) volatile.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

10) A situation where two opposite processes are occurring at equal rates, and no net change is taking
place, is called:
A) vaporization.
B) condensation.
C) evaporation.
D) dynamic equilibrium.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

11) Increasing the intermolecular forces of a liquid will do which of the following?
A) increase the viscosity
B) decrease the evaporation rate
C) increase the surface tension
D) decrease the vapor pressure
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G7

12) You can increase the vapor pressure of a liquid by:

A) increasing temperature.
B) increasing the viscosity.
C) establishing dynamic equilibrium.
D) using a nonvolatile compound.
E) all of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G7

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13) Which statement about boiling point is FALSE?
A) The boiling point is higher for compounds with strong intermolecular forces.
B) The boiling point is higher for compounds with a high viscosity.
C) The boiling point of a compound is an absolute constant.
D) The boiling point of a compound is higher for nonvolatile compounds.
E) All of the above statements are true.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G7

14) Evaporation is:

A) increased by increasing temperature.
B) an endothermic process.
C) the opposite process to condensation.
D) a cooling process for humans when they sweat.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

15) Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Evaporation is an endothermic process.
B) A puddle of water cools down as it evaporates.
C) As a liquid is converted into a gas, the liquid absorbs heat.
D) All of the above are true.
E) None of the above are true.
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

16) The opposite process of freezing is:

A) evaporation.
B) sublimation.
C) boiling.
D) condensation.
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

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17) The rate of vaporization of a liquid can be increased by:
1. increasing the surface area
2. increasing the temperature
3. increasing the strength of the intermolecular forces
A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2 only
E) 2 and 3 only
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G7

18) Liquids that have high vapor pressure and low boiling points are called:
A) abnormal liquids.
B) volatile liquids.
C) non-volatile liquids.
D) viscous liquids.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

19) The amount of heat required to melt one mole of a solid is called the:
A) heat of vaporization.
B) heat of fusion.
C) heating curve.
D) cooling curve.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G1

20) Compare a small pot of water that is boiling vigorously to a large pot of water that is boiling gently.
Which statement is TRUE?
A) The small pot is boiling at higher temperature than the large pot.
B) The large pot is boiling at a higher temperature than the small pot.
C) Both pots are boiling at the same temperature.
D) The vapor pressure of the liquid is greater than the pressure above the pot in each case.
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

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21) When sufficient quantity of heat has been added to reach the boiling point of a solution, what
happens to any additional heat added?
A) Additional heat is used to evaporate the liquid as the process is endothermic and requires continued
input of energy.
B) Additional heat raises the temperature of the liquid which in turn increases the rate at which boiling
occurs.
C) Additional heat lowers the intermolecular forces of the liquid which in turn increases the volatility of
the liquid.
D) Additional heat alters the viscosity and the surface tension of the liquid which raises the vapor
pressure and increases the boiling point which is why you must continually heat the solution.
E) None of the above are correct statements.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.3
Global Outcome: G2

22) What is the heat of vaporization(kJ/mol) if it takes of heat to completely vaporize of

the liquid at its boiling point?
A) 1288
B) 1.29
C) 0.776
D) 12.2
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

23) How many joules of heat are needed to completely vaporize of water at its boiling point?
Given = 40.6 kJ/mol
A) 54.97
B)
C) 29.98
D)
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

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24) How many kilojoules of heat are needed to completely vaporize of at its boiling
point?
Given = 26.5kJ/mol
A) 74.12
B) 9.49
C) 15.3
D) 16.3
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

25) What happens as you start to add heat to a solid substance?

A) Thermal energy causes the components of the solid to vibrate faster.
B) When the melting point is reached, the thermal energy is sufficient to overcome intermolecular forces
holding the components at their stationary points.
C) Increasing the rate of heating of a substance at its melting point only causes more rapid melting.
D) If a liquid forms, continued heating results in increasing the liquid temperature.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

26) If we supply additional heat to a solid in equilibrium with its liquid at the melting point, the thermal
energy added is used to:
A) overcome the intermolecular forces that hold the solid together.
B) expand the solid.
C) change the liquid back to solid.
D) change solid to liquid.
E) raise the temperature of the solid above its melting point.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

27) When you make ice cubes:

A) it is an endothermic process.
B) it is an exothermic process.
C) the heat of vaporization must be removed.
D) the process is referred to scientifically as sublimation.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

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28) Which statement is TRUE in describing what occurs when a solid melts to a liquid?
A) The process is endothermic and the heat of fusion is positive.
B) The process is endothermic and the heat of fusion is negative.
C) The process is exothermic and the heat of fusion is positive.
D) The process is exothermic and the heat of fusion is negative.
E) not enough information
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

29) Gaseous water vapor can frost the windows of a car on a cold morning. This process of a gas changing
directly into a solid is known as:
A) deposition.
B) melting.
C) condensation.
D) sublimation.
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

30) Paradichlorobenzene, a material used in "moth balls," is known to go directly from a solid form to a
gaseous form. This process is known as:
A) melting
B) evaporation
C) condensation
D) boiling
E) sublimation
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

31) How much energy does it take to melt a 16.87 g ice cube?
= 6.02 kJ/mol
A) 102 kJ
B) 108 kJ
C) 936 J
D) 5.64 kJ
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.6
Global Outcome: G4

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32) How many grams of O can be melted by 3 J?
Given =7.27 kJ/mol
A) 14.5
B) 3.64
C) 20.4
D) 74.1
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.6
Global Outcome: G4

33) In northern climates, it is common to have a layer of frost form on cars that have been out overnight in
the winter. During the day the frost layer disappears despite the temperature of the ice remaining below
freezing. How?
A) The frost melts due to the sun heating the surface of the car above the melting point.
B) The frost evaporates due to the sun heating the solid.
C) The frost cycles as does the saturation level of moisture in the winter air does from night to day.
D) The frost sublimes directly from solid ice to water vapor.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.5
Global Outcome: G2

34) Which intermolecular force is present in all molecules and atoms?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

35) Which intermolecular force is due to the formation of an instantaneous dipole?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

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36) The ability of sodium chloride to mix with water is most likely due to:
A) dispersion force
B) ion-dipole force
C) dipole-dipole force
D) hydrogen bonding
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G2

37) Which substance below has dipole-dipole forces?

A) CH4
B) CO2
C) F2
D) H2S
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G7

38) Which intermolecular force increases with increasing molar mass?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

39) Which noble gas has the highest boiling point?

A) He
B) Ne
C) Ar
D) Kr
E) Xe
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G7

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40) Assuming that the molecules carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen (N2) have similar electron clouds,
which statement below is TRUE?
A) CO has the higher boiling point because it experiences dipole-dipole forces.
B) N2 has the higher boiling point because it experiences dipole-dipole forces.
C) The N2 has the higher boiling point because it has greater dispersion forces.
D) Both CO and N2 must have the same boiling point.
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.9
Global Outcome: G7

41) Which intermolecular force is common to all polar molecules but NOT nonpolar molecules?
A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G2

42) Substance A is a molecular compound that dissolves in gasoline but not in water. The molecules of A
are very likely:
A) metallic.
B) nonmetallic.
C) polar.
D) nonpolar.
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G2

43) Which substance is most likely to be miscible with water?

A) CF4
B) Br2
C) CS2
D) CHCl3
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G2

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44) Which statement below is FALSE?
A) A hydrogen bond is the strongest of the intermolecular forces.
B) A hydrogen atom must be bonded directly to fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen to exhibit hydrogen
bonding.
C) The large electronegativity difference between hydrogen and an F, O, or N atom is essential for the
formation of a hydrogen bond.
D) A hydrogen bond is only 2-5% the strength of a typical covalent bond.
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.7
Global Outcome: G1

45) Which molecule below has hydrogen bonding?

A) C
B) HCl
C)
D) C OH
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

46) Which molecule below has hydrogen bonding?

A) N
B) OH
C) O
D) HF
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

47) Which compound in liquid form will have the highest vapor pressure?
A) C
B) C C
C) C C(O)C
D) C OH
E) not enough information
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

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48) Which intermolecular force is the strongest?
A) dispersion force
B) dipole-dipole force
C) hydrogen bonding
D) ion-dipole force
E) none of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G1

49) Which intermolecular forces are found in ?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

50) Which intermolecular forces are found in CO2?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

51) What types of forces exist between I2 molecules?

A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) ion-dipole forces
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

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52) Which intermolecular force found in is the strongest?
A) dispersion forces
B) dipole-dipole forces
C) hydrogen bonding
D) X-forces
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

53) Consider the three compounds below, then choose the compound(s) that have hydrogen bonding.
1. H2
2. CH4
3. HF
A) Only compound 1 has hydrogen bonding.
B) Only compound 2 has hydrogen bonding.
C) Only compound 3 has hydrogen bonding.
D) All three of these compounds have hydrogen bonding.
E) None of these compounds have hydrogen bonding.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.8
Global Outcome: G7

54) Which compound will have the highest boiling point?

A) C
B) C C
C) C C(O)C
D) C OH
E) not enough information
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.9
Global Outcome: G7

55) Which substance would be expected to have the highest boiling point?
A) N2
B) O2
C) CO2
D) CO
E) not enough information
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.9
Global Outcome: G7

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56) Rank the compounds NH3, CH4, and PH3 in order of increasing boiling point.
A) NH3 < CH4< PH3
B) CH4< NH3 < PH3
C) NH3 < PH3< CH4
D) CH4 < PH3 < NH3
E) PH3< NH3 < CH4
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.6
Learning Outcome: 12.9
Global Outcome: G7

57) Dry ice (solid C ) is which type of solid?

A) molecular solid
B) ionic solid
C) covalent atomic solid
D) nonbonding atomic solid
E) metallic atomic solid
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

58) Which substance below is an ionic solid?

A) Cu (s)
B) H2O (s)
C) MgO (s)
D) C6H12O6 (s)
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

59) NaCl is which type of solid?

A) molecular solid
B) ionic solid
C) covalent atomic solid
D) nonbonding atomic solid
E) metallic atomic solid
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

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60) Silicon is which type of solid?
A) molecular solid
B) ionic solid
C) covalent atomic solid
D) nonbonding atomic solid
E) metallic atomic solid
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

61) Copper is which type of solid?

A) molecular solid
B) ionic solid
C) covalent atomic solid
D) nonbonding atomic solid
E) metallic atomic solid
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

62) Which atomic solid has the highest melting point?

A) Cu
B) Si
C) Xe
D) Fe
E) not enough information
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.10a
Global Outcome: G2

63) What are the principal forces holding ice together?

A) dispersion forces only
B) electrostatic attraction
C) intermolecular forces
D) sea of electrons
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.7
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G1

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64) Why is water considered an unusual molecule?
A) No molecule of similar size is a liquid at room temperature.
B) No molecule of similar size has as high a boiling point.
C) Water can dissolve many polar and ionic compounds.
D) Water expands upon freezing.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G1

65) The reason for many of the unique properties of water is:
A) dispersion forces.
B) the ability to form hydrogen bonds.
C) high surface tension and low volatility.
D) moderate viscosity and expanding upon freezing.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G1

66) Which sequence correctly shows the increasing density of the three phases of water?
A) solid < liquid < gas
B) gas < liquid < solid
C) gas < solid < liquid
D) liquid < gas < solid
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 12.8
Learning Outcome: 12.11
Global Outcome: G2

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12.3 Algorithmic Questions

1) How many kJ of heat are needed to completely vaporize 3.30 moles of O? The heat of vaporization
for water at the boiling point is
A) 12.3
B) 134
C) 67.0
D) 2.26
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

2) How many kJ of heat are needed to completely vaporize 23.4 g of O? The heat of vaporization for
water at the boiling point is
A) 31.2
B) 52.8
C) 23.4
D) 2.26
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 5 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

3) A 250 gram sample of water at the boiling point had 45.0 kJ of heat added. How many grams of water
were vaporized? Heat of vaporization for water is
A) 1.11
B) 20.0
C) 0.902
D) 16.2
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: 12.4
Learning Outcome: 12.4
Global Outcome: G4

4) How many kJ of heat are needed to completely melt 1.70 moles of O, given that the water is at its
melting point? The heat of fusion for water is
A) 30.6
B) 10.2
C) 3.54
D) 63.7
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.6
Global Outcome: G4

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5) How many kJ of heat are needed to completely melt 17.3 g of O, given that the water is at its melting
point? The heat of fusion for water is
A) 0.961
B) 5.79
C) 1.04
D) 6.26
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 5 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.6
Global Outcome: G4

6) How many kJ of heat are needed to completely melt 95.3 g of copper metal, given that the metal is at its
melting point? The heat of fusion for this metal is 13.1
A) 19.6
B) 43.0
C) 1250
D) 0.114
E) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 4 Page Ref: 12.5
Learning Outcome: 12.6
Global Outcome: G4

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