RT-FLEX TRAINING

Philosophy and Design Aspects of RT-flex Technology

and Differences to Conventional RTA Engines

1 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre

RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

History
• RTA
• RTA introduced in 1982
• Over 2’800 RTA engines sold with 69’401’216 BHP / 51’030’306 kW
• RT-flex
• First RT-flex workshop in 1996
• Start of first RT-flex engine in 2001 (6RT-flex58T-B / GYPSUM CENTENNIAL)
• Over 1’550 RT-flex engines sold with total more than 33’700’000 kW (Feb. 2018)
• W-X
• Start of first W-6X35 engine in 2012
• Start of first W-6X72 engine in 2013
• Over 350 W-X engines sold with total more than 7’450’000 kW (Feb. 2018)
• 2S DF
• Start of first RT-flex50DF engine in 2013
• Already 100 2S DF engines sold with total more than 2’000’000 kW (June 2018)

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

RTX Generations

1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation

RTX-1 RTX-2 (62) RTX-3 (58)

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

RTX Generations

4th generation 5th generation 6th generation

RTX-4 (60) RTX-5 (50DF) RTX-6 (50)

2008 2013 2014

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Characteristic Data

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Cylinder Pressures

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Engine Rating Fields

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Engine Portfolio

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Differences RTA to RT-flex Engines

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Differences to RTA engines

10 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre

RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS
Comparison Table
Developing fuel oil pressure
„Storing“ of fuel oil pressure
Timing of injection
Developing pressure for
exhaust valve activation
„Storing“ of servo oil pressure
Timing of exhaust valve
activation
Fuel pump actuator
Electronic governor
Power/speed control by
11 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19
Conventional Engine RT-flex
One fuel pump per cylinder Fuel pumps on supply unit
- Fuel rail
Fuel cam on camshaft WECS-9520 / ICU
One activating pump per
Servo pumps on supply unit
cylinder
- Servo rail
Valve cam on camshaft WECS-9520 / VCU
Regulating power/speed Keeping fuel rail pressure
Releasing fuel pump position Releasing fuel command to
to the actuator WECS
Fuel pump Fuel quantity piston
RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre
RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Comparison Table

Conventional Engine RT-flex

Timing of starting air Starting air distributor
Reversing Reversing of cam
Alarm and monitoring system External (internal: OSC-3)
By mechanic shaft and cams
Emergency control acting on pneumatic valves of
the engine control
RC receives load signal from
Load signal angle transmitter on
intermediate shaft
Functions provided in RC
VIT, VEC, FQS
system
Wiring from engine to external Individual cables
WECS-9520
WECS-9520
External
Backup panels deliver
manoeuvring signals and fuel
commands to WECS inputs,
independent from the RC
inputs channels
WECS supplies a fuel
command feedback as load
signal to the RC system
Functions (plus VEO) included
in WECS
Bus-system

12 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre

RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Why Common-Rail
• Drastic smoke reduction at part load
• Possibilities to reduce torsional vibration
• Reduced fuel consumption at part load
• Possibilities to reduce emissions
• Lower minimum engine speed
• Better maneuverability
• Easy engine de-rating
• Individual tunings
• High precision on related systems (Cyl. Lub)

13 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre

RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Advantages of RT-flex
Wärtsilä 6 RT-flex58T-B MV Gypsum Centennial Smoke measurement on combinator curve
during sea trials

0.50

0.45

0.40
Filter Smoke Number [ FSN ]

HFO
380 cSt
0.35 3% sulphur
0.1% ash
0.30
ON OFF Aux. Blower
0.25

0.20
Smoke visibility limit
0.15
Conventional low speed engine
0.10

0.05
6RT-flex 58T-B with common rail
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Engine Load [% ]

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Advantages of RT-flex

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI

• REGULATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS
• Regulation 12 – Ozone depleting substances
• Regulation 13 – Nitrogen oxides
• Regulation 14 – Sulphur oxides
• Regulation 15 – Volatile organic compounds
• Regulation 16 – Shipboard incineration
• Regulation 17 – Reception facilities
• Regulation 18 – Fuel oil quality

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

IMO NOx Limits

Tier I
Ships built 2000 onwards
Engines > 130 kW

Retrofit: Ships built

1990 - 2000
Engines > 90 litres/cylinder
and > 5000 kW

Tier II (global 2011)

Ships built 2011 onwards
Engines > 130 kW

Tier III (ECAs 2016)

Ships in designated
areas, 2016 onwards
Engines > 130 kW

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

IMO NOx Limits

• The Tier III controls apply only to the specified ships while operating in Emission Control Areas (ECA)
established to limit NOx emissions.

Total weighted cycle emission limit (g/kWh)

Ship construction date on or after
n = engine’s rated speed (rpm)

n < 130 n = 130 – 1999 n ≥ 2000

45·n-0,2
Tier I 1 January 2000 17,0 9,8
e.g. 720 rpm – 12,1

44·n-0,23
Tier II 1 January 2011 14,4 7,7
e.g. 720 rpm – 9,7

9·n-0,2
Tier III 1 January 2016 3,4 2,0
e.g. 720 rpm – 2,4

“Ship constructed” = Date of Keel-Laying

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

NOR (NOx Reducer)

Catalyst – replace according to condition.

Typical interval:
• Diesel applications: 3-5 years
• Gas applications: ~10 years

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

IMO SOx Limit

• Global limit
• 3,50 % from Jan.1, 2012
• 0,50 % from Jan.1, 2020
• Emission Control Areas
• 1,00 % from July 1, 2010
• 0,10 % from Jan.1, 2015
• Fuel type
• Not regulated. Both HFO and distillate are permitted.
• Exhaust gas cleaning(Wartsila Scrubber)
• Permitted alternative to achieve any regulated limit.
• Particulate Matter (PM)
• Not regulated. Both HFO and distillate are permitted.

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Wärtsilä Scrubbers

V-SOX – Venturi Scrubber I-SOX - Inline Scrubber Q-SOx – Quench Scrubber

Scrubber systems
• Open loop systems
• Closed loop systems
• Hybrid systems
• Dual water systems

Scrubber types
• V-SOx – Venturi Scrubber
• I-SOx – Inline Scrubber
• Q-SOx – Quench Scrubber

All these types can work as open

or closed loop systems, and can • Possible to operate in open loop • Possible to operate in open • Possible to operate in open loop
with 3,5% sulfur fuel and still loop with 2,5% sulfur fuel and with 3,5% sulfur fuel and still
be fitted to both new buildings comply with 0,1% sulfur fuel limit still comply with 0,1% sulfur fuel comply with 0,1% sulfur fuel limit
and retrofit installations. limit

21 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre

RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Engine Numbering and Designations

Numbering starts at the flywheel
Components
01
01 Turbocharger
02 Auxiliary Blower 1
02 04
03 Thrust Bearing Pads
04 Auxiliary Blower 2
05 Cylinder Number
06 Main Bearing Number 05

DRIVING END FREE END

06

03

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RT-FLEX DESIGN ASPECTS

Engine Numbering and Designations

Numbering starts from the centre of flywheel
Components
01
01 Rail Unit
02 Supply Unit

02

23 © Wärtsilä PUBLIC 11-Jan-19 RT-Flex Training / Busan Training Centre