11

Statistics and Probability

Activity Sheets
Quarter 3 – MELC 1
Illustrating a Random Variable
(Discrete and Continuous)

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

 Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Activity Sheet No. 01
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Statistics and Probability Activity Sheet

Writer: Ian T. Tacsagon

Illustrator: Ian T. Tacsagon

Layout Artist: Ian T. Tacsagon

Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:

Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Jezereel Grace G. Tiron
Bernie P. Alcedo
Division of Iloilo City Management Team:
Ma. Luz M. De los Reyes, SDS
Ernesto F. Servillon Jr., ASDS
Arlo L. Villalva, CID Chief
Dr. Jerry M. Lego, SGOD Chief
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Regional Management Team
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma
Dr. Josilyn S. Solana
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Mr. Donald T. Genine
Mr. Adonis Mosquera
Introductory Message
Welcome to Statistics and Probability for Senior High School!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Iloilo City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible
adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic
Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed

to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using
the contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School will help you
facilitate the teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and
learner. This will be made available to the learners with the references/links to
ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School is developed to

help you continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material
provides you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning.
Being an active learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then
perform the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your
facilitator on the agreed schedule.
 Quarter 3, Week 1

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 1

Name of Learner: ___________________ Grade and Section: _________________

Date: _____________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ACTIVITY SHEET

Illustrating a Random Variable (Discrete and Continuous)

I. Learning Competency with Code

Illustrates a random variable (discrete and continuous). (M11/12SP-IIIa-1)

II. Background Information for Learners

As previously learned in Junior High School lessons, there are lots of

wonders in nature or in real-life, like tossing a coin or rolling a die, whose
outcomes cannot be predicted with certainty in advance, but the set of all the
possible outcomes is known. These are what we call as random phenomena or
random experiments.

A random experiment is a mechanism that produces a definite outcome

that cannot be predicted with certainty. The set of all possible outcomes of an
experiment is called the sample space. The sample space associated with a
random experiment is the set of all possible outcomes. An event is a subset of
the sample space.

Remember that a variable is a characteristic or attribute that can assume

different values. We use capital letters to denote or represent a variable. A
variable X whose value depends on the outcome of a random process is called a
random variable. A random variable is a variable whose value is a numerical
outcome of a random phenomenon. It is a capacity that connects a real number
with every component in the sample space. It is a variable whose qualities are
controlled by chance. In this manner, a random variable is a numerical amount
that is derived from the results of an arbitrary trial or experiment.

A random variable can be discrete or continuous.

Discrete Random Variables are variables that can take on a finite

number of distinct values.
Continuous Random Variables are random variables that take an
interminably uncountable number of potential values, regularly measurable
amounts.
Example 1: Tossing Three Coins

Suppose you tossed three coins and you record the results of the toss. To
write the result easily, use letter H for the heads and letter T for the tails.

If the results of your toss are heads, tails, heads, then you will write HTH.
Count the number of heads that appeared and write it on a sheet of paper.
Then, record all the possible answers. Write all eight possible outcomes,
and then list down which one had zero (0), 1, 2, or 3 heads. Tally the results if
possible. Do the listing systematically in order to avoid confusion. Start with the
outcomes with zero (0) heads, then continue from there. In your listing, let X be
the number of heads.
Possible Outcomes Number of Heads (X)
TTT 0
TTH 1
THT 1
HTT 1
THH 2
HTH 2
HHT 2
HHH 3

So, the possible number of heads (X) are 0, 1, 2 and 3.

The random variables in the preceding activity are called discrete random
variables because the set of possible outcomes is countable.

Example 2. Distance Covered for 5L of Gasoline

Suppose an experiment will be conducted to determine the distance

travelled of a certain type of car given 5L of gasoline over a prescribed test
course. Notice that if the distance is the random variable, the we can get an
infinite number of distances that cannot be equated to the number of whole
numbers.

Types of Car Distance Travelled for 5L Gasoline

Mitsubishi Mirage 80.65 km
Nissan Sentra 58.49 km
Toyota Corolla 65.79 km
Ford Wagon 34.01 km
BMW Coupe 58.14 km

So, the distance travelled for 5L of gasoline are 80.65 km, 58.49 km, 65.79
km, 34.01 km and 58.14 km.
 The random variables in the preceding activity are called continuous
random variables because the set of possible outcomes is not countable or it
does take on values that are whole numbers.

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Education Sites

Alferez, M.S. &Duro, M.A. (2006). MSA Statistics and Probability. MSA
Publishing House. Reprinted 2016.

Belecina, R. R.et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Rex Book
Store, Inc.

CHED. Statistics and Probability. Pasig City: Department of Education - Bureau

of Learning Resources, 2016, pp 108-1116

IV. Activity Proper

General Directions: In answering the exercises in the Learning Activity Sheet

(LAS), please be reminded not to write anything here. All answers must be
written in a separate sheet of paper. Read each problem carefully and answer
it systematically. If a solution is required, encircle your final answer.

Exercise 1: Complete the table below and identify the random variable in the
given experiment. Tell what type of random variable it is.

Experiment
Random Variable Types of Random
Variable

1. Listing the sex of family The number of boys Discrete (number of

members with 4 children and number of girls boys and girls are
in the family countable)

2. The teacher gives a 50- The time a student Continuous (the time
item multiple choice test finishes the test given is not a whole
number)

3. Recording the number

of COVID - 19 patients
in a day in different
hospital

4. Weight of persons
working out in the gym
 Experiment
Random Variable Types of Random
Variable

5. Average mobile data

consumption of
students attending
online class

6. The number of text

messages sent in a
day of a subscriber

7. Average number of
persons violating
quarantine protocols

8. Rolling two dice

9. Record the number of

hours one surf the
internet from 5 pm to
10 pm for the past five
nights.

10. Run times of a runner

for running 100m on
the track

Guide Questions:

1. How did you find the random variable? Illustrate.

2. From your answers in the table above, which experiments are discrete?
Which experiments are continuous?

Exercise 2: Complete the following statements by writing the correct word.

 1. The set of the possible outcomes of an experiment is called -
sample space
2. A variable whose value is obtained by measuring is called - continuous
3. A variable that can be discrete or continuous is – random variable
4. Time it takes to finish the test is an example of – continuous random
variable
5. Getting a 1 in rolling a die is an example of – discrete random variable

Exercise 3: Classify whether the given experiment implies a discrete random

variable or a continuous random variable.
___c__ 1. The average number of patients in a hospital for a week
___c__ 2. Collecting data about the weights of newborns in a lying-in clinic
___c__ 3. Recording the distance travelled by the Molo Baluarte jeepney
___d__ 4. Listing the number of cases due to Covid - 19 in Iloilo City
___d__ 5. Number of students attending online class

V. Reflection

Instruction. Reflect on the following questions and write your response in your
journal.

Head: What is something in the lesson that made you think?

Heart: How do you feel about the lesson presented?

Bin: Is there something in the lesson that you disagree with?

Bag: What are your “takeaways” from the lesson?

Exercise 1
3. the number of COVID - 19 patients, Discrete
4. weight of persons, Continuous
5. number of MB consumption, Continuous
6. number of text messages sent, Discrete
7. average number of persons violating quarantine protocols, Continuous
8. numbers appeared in a pair of dice, Discrete
9. number of hours surfing, Continuous
10. run times, Continuous
Exercise 2
1. Sample space
2. Continuous
3. Random
4. Continuous Random Variable
5. Discrete Random Variable
Exercise 3
1. continuous random variable
2. continuous random variable
3. continuous random variable
4. discrete random variable
5. discrete random variable
Key to Solution