Foundations of Education

MAED - MATH
Rose Ann C. Talas, Lonely Monleon, Jean Marie Lacson, Mary Paz Melanio

Philosophies Proponent Keypoints

Pragmatism John Dewey ● Father of experiential

Learning
● Dewey believed that
individuals learn and grow
as a result of experiences
and interactions with the
world. These interactions
and experiences lead
individuals to continually
develop new concepts,
ideas, practices and
understandings, which, in
turn, are refined through
and continue to mediate the
learner’s life experiences
and social interactions.
● Dewey's concept of
education put a premium
on meaningful activity in
learning and participation in
classroom democracy
● According to him
“ Education is not preparation
for life; Education is life itself”

Charles Sanders Pierce ● Father of pragmatism

● Studies on the principles of
inquiry and an account of
meaning doctrines of
fallibilism - The view that
any of one’s current beliefs
might be mistaken - is at
the heart of Sander’s
philosophical project.
● The crux of Peirce's
pragmatism is that for any
statement to be meaningful,
it must have practical
bearings.

William James ● Study of pragmatism

is his concern with
 religion.
● According to him,
truth should be evaluated
based on its impact on
human behavior; therefore,
one's religious faith can be
justified if it makes a positive
difference in one's life.
● James is famous for
helping to found psychology
as a formal discipline, for
establishing the school of
functionalism in psychology,
and for greatly advancing
the movement of
pragmatism in philosophy.
● Distinguished two
understandings of the self,
the self as “Me” and the
self as “I”.

Progressivism William Heard Kilpatrick ● Kilpatrick believed that the

curriculum's purpose
should be to facilitate child
development, growth, and
social relationships.
● He is credited with
introducing the use of
small group interaction and
the Project Method in
which the teacher and
students collaborate on
lesson planning.
● Believes that children
should direct learning to
their interests hould be
allowed to explore their
environment, experiencing
their learning through the
natural senses

Perennialism Robert Maynard Hutchins ● He proposed a curriculum

based on the “Great
Books” of Western
civilization.
● Permanent studies where
rules of grammar, reading,
rhetoric, logic and
mathematics for basic
education.
 ● It also emphasizes the 3Rs
and college education
should be grounded on
liberal education.
● Robert Hutchins
Perennialism is a
teacher-centered
educational philosophy
that focuses on everlasting
ideas and universal truths.

Motimer Adler ● Involvement in the great

books movement , and
more particularly for his
editorship of Encyclopedia
Britannica's Great Books
of the Western World
series in the 1950s and
1960s
● Believes new philosophy
must be knowledge of the
first order.
● He developed a theory of
inferiority and superiority
complexes, called
personality theory.
● According to Adler,
individuals were constantly
striving to make up for real
or perceived inferior
aspects of their
personality.

Jacques Martain ● He helped to revive

Thomas Aquinas for
modern times, and was
influential in the
development and drafting
of the Universal
Declaration of Human
Rights.
● Philosophy is based on
evidence accrued by the
senses and acquired by an
understanding of first
principles.
● Maritain defended
philosophy as a science
against those who would
degrade it, and promoted
philosophy as the
"queenThe breadth of his
philosophical work, his
influence in the social
philosophy of the Catholic
Church, and his ardent
defenses of human rights
made him one of the
central figures of his times.
of sciences".